See Manchester in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:Manchester",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱes-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱstrom\nProto-Italic *kastrom\nLatin castrum\nLatin castrabor.\nOld English ceasterder.\nOld English Mameċeaster\nMiddle English [Term?]\nEnglish Manchesterubor.\nPolish Manchester\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"part\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cut\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱes-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱstrom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kastrom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"castrum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"castra\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ceaster\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"Mameċeaster\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Manchester\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Manchester\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Manchester\">\nUnadapted borrowing from English Manchester.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱes-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱstrom\nProto-Italic *kastrom\nLatin castrum\nLatin castrabor.\nOld English ceasterder.\nOld English Mameċeaster\nMiddle English [Term?]\nEnglish Manchesterubor.\nPolish Manchester\nUnadapted borrowing from English Manchester.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesteru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Manczester",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "Manchester m inan",
"name": "pl-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Man‧ches‧ter"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Man‧ches‧ter"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cities in England",
"orig": "pl:Cities in England",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cities in Greater Manchester, England",
"orig": "pl:Cities in Greater Manchester, England",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Districts of Greater Manchester, England",
"orig": "pl:Districts of Greater Manchester, England",
"parents": [
"Districts",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Manchester",
"orig": "pl:Manchester",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in England",
"orig": "pl:Places in England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in Greater Manchester, England",
"orig": "pl:Places in Greater Manchester, England",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)"
],
"id": "en-Manchester-pl-name-BsIZqf~G",
"links": [
[
"Manchester",
"Manchester#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"metropolitan borough",
"metropolitan borough"
],
[
"Greater Manchester",
"Greater Manchester#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cities in the United States",
"orig": "pl:Cities in the United States",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Places in the United States",
"orig": "pl:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Towns in the United States",
"orig": "pl:Towns in the United States",
"parents": [
"Towns",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Manchester (name of several towns and cities in the United States)"
],
"id": "en-Manchester-pl-name-bQkrSjm3",
"links": [
[
"Manchester",
"Manchester#English"
],
[
"towns",
"town"
],
[
"cities",
"city"
],
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈman.t͡ʂɛ.stɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛn.t͡ʂɛ.stɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/manˈt͡ʂɛs.tɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛnˈt͡ʂɛs.tɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ant͡ʂɛstɛr"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʂɛstɛr"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛstɛr"
}
],
"word": "Manchester"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English term requests",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 3-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle English",
"Polish terms derived from Old English",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱes-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from English",
"Rhymes:Polish/ant͡ʂɛstɛr",
"Rhymes:Polish/ant͡ʂɛstɛr/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛnt͡ʂɛstɛr",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛnt͡ʂɛstɛr/3 syllables",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛstɛr",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛstɛr/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":ubor",
"3": "en:Manchester",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱes-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱstrom\nProto-Italic *kastrom\nLatin castrum\nLatin castrabor.\nOld English ceasterder.\nOld English Mameċeaster\nMiddle English [Term?]\nEnglish Manchesterubor.\nPolish Manchester\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"part\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"cut\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱes-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"tool noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-tḗr\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-trom\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱstrom\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kastrom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"castrum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"castra\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"ceaster\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"Mameċeaster\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"Manchester\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"Manchester\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"Manchester\">\nUnadapted borrowing from English Manchester.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱes-\nProto-Indo-European *-tḗr\nProto-Indo-European *-trom\nProto-Indo-European *ḱstrom\nProto-Italic *kastrom\nLatin castrum\nLatin castrabor.\nOld English ceasterder.\nOld English Mameċeaster\nMiddle English [Term?]\nEnglish Manchesterubor.\nPolish Manchester\nUnadapted borrowing from English Manchester.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesteru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchester",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Manchesterze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "Manczester",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "Manchester m inan",
"name": "pl-proper noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Man‧ches‧ter"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Man‧ches‧ter"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Cities in England",
"pl:Cities in Greater Manchester, England",
"pl:Districts of Greater Manchester, England",
"pl:Manchester",
"pl:Places in England",
"pl:Places in Greater Manchester, England"
],
"glosses": [
"Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)"
],
"links": [
[
"Manchester",
"Manchester#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"metropolitan borough",
"metropolitan borough"
],
[
"Greater Manchester",
"Greater Manchester#English"
],
[
"England",
"England#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Cities in the United States",
"pl:Places in the United States",
"pl:Towns in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"Manchester (name of several towns and cities in the United States)"
],
"links": [
[
"Manchester",
"Manchester#English"
],
[
"towns",
"town"
],
[
"cities",
"city"
],
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈman.t͡ʂɛ.stɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɛn.t͡ʂɛ.stɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/manˈt͡ʂɛs.tɛr/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mɛnˈt͡ʂɛs.tɛr/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ant͡ʂɛstɛr"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʂɛstɛr"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛstɛr"
}
],
"word": "Manchester"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Manchester meaning in Polish (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.