"-em" meaning in Polish

See -em in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ɛm/ Forms: -iem [alternative]
Rhymes: -ɛm Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *-emь Proto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь Proto-Slavic *-ь̀mь Old Polish -em Polish -em Inherited from Old Polish -em, from Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь. Etymology templates: {{ety|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:-em<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-emь><sla-pro:*-ъ̀mь><sla-pro:*-ь̀mь>>|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Slavic *-emь Proto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь Proto-Slavic *-ь̀mь Old Polish -em Polish -em [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "-em", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "-em", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "pl" }" data-lang="pl" data-title="-em">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|-em|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish -em, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|-em}} Inherited from Old Polish -em, {{inh|pl|sla-pro||*-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь}} Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь Head templates: {{head|pl|suffix}} -em
  1. forms the instrumental singular of nouns of declension types: masculine I, II, III, IV, V; neuter I, II, III, IV, V Tags: morpheme

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:-em<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-emь><sla-pro:*-ъ̀mь><sla-pro:*-ь̀mь>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-emь\nProto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь\nProto-Slavic *-ь̀mь\nOld Polish -em\nPolish -em\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-em\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-em\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-em\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "-em",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish -em",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "-em"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -em",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-emь\nProto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь\nProto-Slavic *-ь̀mь\nOld Polish -em\nPolish -em\nInherited from Old Polish -em, from Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iem",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-em",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-em"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "",
        "em"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 14 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms the instrumental singular of nouns of declension types: masculine I, II, III, IV, V; neuter I, II, III, IV, V"
      ],
      "id": "en--em-pl-suffix-XzTiPgGJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "instrumental",
          "Appendix:Glossary#instrumental_case"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular_number"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-em"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:-em<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-emь><sla-pro:*-ъ̀mь><sla-pro:*-ь̀mь>>",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-emь\nProto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь\nProto-Slavic *-ь̀mь\nOld Polish -em\nPolish -em\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"-em\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"-em\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"-em\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "-em",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish -em",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "-em"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish -em",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-emь\nProto-Slavic *-ъ̀mь\nProto-Slavic *-ь̀mь\nOld Polish -em\nPolish -em\nInherited from Old Polish -em, from Proto-Slavic *-emь/-ъ̀mь/-ь̀mь.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-iem",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-em",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-em"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "",
        "em"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 14 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
        "Polish 1-syllable words",
        "Polish entries with etymology trees",
        "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Polish lemmas",
        "Polish suffixes",
        "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
        "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
        "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Rhymes:Polish/ɛm",
        "Rhymes:Polish/ɛm/1 syllable"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "forms the instrumental singular of nouns of declension types: masculine I, II, III, IV, V; neuter I, II, III, IV, V"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "instrumental",
          "Appendix:Glossary#instrumental_case"
        ],
        [
          "singular",
          "Appendix:Glossary#singular_number"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɛm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-em"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -em meaning in Polish (2.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (03da280 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.