See ◌ِ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "letter",
"head": "ـِ",
"tr": "i /e"
},
"expansion": "ـِ • (i /e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a vowel diacritic in Persian, named زیر (zēr /zir) or کسره (kasra /kasre)."
],
"id": "en-◌ِ-fa-character-dWIvZi63",
"links": [
[
"زیر",
"زیر#Persian"
],
[
"کسره",
"کسره#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"letter"
]
}
],
"word": "◌ِ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-i-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: -i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: -i-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ए-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ِ",
"tr": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: ِ (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: ِ (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ِ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-i, -ı"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ِ (-i, -ı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ِ (-i, -ı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-ı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -i, -ı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -i, -ı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-yi-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: -yi-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: -yi-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ए-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ـئے"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: ـئے (-e)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: ـئے (-e)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـی",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-yi, -yı"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ـی (-yi, -yı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ـی (-yi, -yı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-yi",
"3": "-yı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -yi, -yı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -yi, -yı"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "Y",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "ī",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian Y (ī)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "Y",
"tr": "ī"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian Y (ī)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*Hyáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hyáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hyás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"pos": "relative pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yós (relative pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian Y (ī), from Proto-Iranian *Hyáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás, from Proto-Indo-European *yós (relative pronoun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "spelling -и",
"tags": [
"Tajik"
]
},
{
"form": "ـی",
"roman": "-yi /-ye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـهٔ",
"roman": "-yi /-ye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "particle",
"3": "Tajik spelling",
"4": "<i class=\"Cyrl mention\" lang=\"tg\">-и</i>",
"head": "ـِ",
"tr": "i /e"
},
"expansion": "ـِ • (i /e) (Tajik spelling -и)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ezafe (particle for words)"
],
"id": "en-◌ِ-fa-particle-fa:ezafe",
"senseid": [
"fa:ezafe"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ‿i/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈji/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿i]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ji]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿e]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[je]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿i]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ji]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "◌ِ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian letters",
"Persian particles",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "letter",
"head": "ـِ",
"tr": "i /e"
},
"expansion": "ـِ • (i /e)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a vowel diacritic in Persian, named زیر (zēr /zir) or کسره (kasra /kasre)."
],
"links": [
[
"زیر",
"زیر#Persian"
],
[
"کسره",
"کسره#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"letter"
]
}
],
"word": "◌ِ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian particles",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-i-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: -i-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: -i-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ए-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ِ",
"tr": "-i"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: ِ (-i)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: ِ (-i)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ِ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-i, -ı"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ِ (-i, -ı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ِ (-i, -ı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-i",
"3": "-ı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -i, -ı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -i, -ı"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-yi-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Azerbaijani: -yi-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Azerbaijani: -yi-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-hnd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindustani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "-ए-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: -ए- (-e-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "ـئے"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: ـئے (-e)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: ـئے (-e)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـی",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "-yi, -yı"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ـی (-yi, -yı)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: ـی (-yi, -yı)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-yi",
"3": "-yı"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -yi, -yı",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -yi, -yı"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "Y",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "ī",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian Y (ī)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "Y",
"tr": "ī"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian Y (ī)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*Hyáh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *Hyáh",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hyás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"pos": "relative pronoun"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yós (relative pronoun)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian Y (ī), from Proto-Iranian *Hyáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyás, from Proto-Indo-European *yós (relative pronoun).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـِ",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "spelling -и",
"tags": [
"Tajik"
]
},
{
"form": "ـی",
"roman": "-yi /-ye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ـهٔ",
"roman": "-yi /-ye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "particle",
"3": "Tajik spelling",
"4": "<i class=\"Cyrl mention\" lang=\"tg\">-и</i>",
"head": "ـِ",
"tr": "i /e"
},
"expansion": "ـِ • (i /e) (Tajik spelling -и)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ezafe (particle for words)"
],
"senseid": [
"fa:ezafe"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ‿i/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈji/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿i]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ji]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[‿e]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[je]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[‿i]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ji]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "◌ِ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ◌ِ meaning in Persian (5.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: i /e",
"path": [
"◌ِ"
],
"section": "Persian",
"subsection": "letter",
"title": "◌ِ",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: i /e",
"path": [
"◌ِ"
],
"section": "Persian",
"subsection": "particle",
"title": "◌ِ",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (0c45963 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.