See ده in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ten"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐫅𐫍"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*daθa"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *daθa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáca"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dáća"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*déḱm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ASLYA /dah/), from Old Persian *daθa, from Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dah",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "۱۰",
"tags": [
"Persian",
"numeral"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "numeral",
"3": "Persian numeral",
"4": "۱۰",
"head": "",
"tr": "dah"
},
"expansion": "ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "۱۰",
"tr": "dah"
},
"expansion": "ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)",
"name": "fa-numeral"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Persian cardinal numbers",
"parents": [
"Cardinal numbers",
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ten"
],
"id": "en-ده-fa-num-5EMrqpCB",
"links": [
[
"ten",
"ten"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "dah hezâr",
"word": "ده هزار"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dah]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪æʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "દિહ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: દિહ (dih)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: દિહ (dih)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "դիհ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "village"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "village",
"tr": "MTA",
"ts": "deh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /deh/, “village”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢",
"ts": "dahạyau"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáhyuš",
"t": "Village"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դեհ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian դեհ (deh)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /deh/, “village”), from Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/), from Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”). Compare Old Armenian դեհ (deh), an Iranian borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دهها",
"roman": "deh-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دهات",
"roman": "dehât",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دیه",
"roman": "dih",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "دهها",
"5": "or",
"6": "دهات",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "deh-hâ",
"f2tr": "dehât",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "deh",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh) (plural دهها (deh-hâ) or دهات (dehât))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "دهها",
"pl2": "دهات",
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh) (plural دهها (deh-hâ) or دهات (dehât))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 0 38 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "countryside",
"roman": "dehât",
"word": "دهات"
},
{
"english": "sheriff, village leader",
"roman": "deh-xodâ",
"word": "دهخدا"
},
{
"english": "farmer, landlord",
"roman": "dehqân",
"word": "دهقان"
},
{
"english": "peasant",
"roman": "dehče",
"word": "دهچه"
},
{
"english": "hamlet",
"roman": "dehak",
"word": "دهک"
},
{
"english": "small village",
"roman": "deh-kade",
"word": "دهکده"
}
],
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"id": "en-ده-fa-noun-Bc--KDOB",
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "روستا"
},
{
"word": "قریه"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dih]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪i]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "stemgive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "deh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh)",
"name": "fa-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 0 47 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 0 38 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "dâdan, “to give”",
"word": "دادن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem of دادن (dâdan, “to give”)"
],
"id": "en-ده-fa-verb-bDH9iYOW",
"links": [
[
"دادن",
"دادن#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dih]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "See در (dar)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "da",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "preposition",
"tr": "da"
},
"expansion": "ده • (da)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 0 47 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 0 38 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Colloquial spelling of در (dar, “in, at, within, among”)"
],
"id": "en-ده-fa-prep-CEUfGnvQ",
"links": [
[
"در",
"در#Persian"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[d̪ä]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian cardinal numbers",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Persian numerals",
"Persian prepositions",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Old Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ten"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "𐫅𐫍"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "*daθa"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian *daθa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáca"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*dáća"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*déḱm̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ASLYA /dah/), from Old Persian *daθa, from Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dah",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "۱۰",
"tags": [
"Persian",
"numeral"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "numeral",
"3": "Persian numeral",
"4": "۱۰",
"head": "",
"tr": "dah"
},
"expansion": "ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "۱۰",
"tr": "dah"
},
"expansion": "ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)",
"name": "fa-numeral"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "num",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dah hezâr",
"word": "ده هزار"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ten"
],
"links": [
[
"ten",
"ten"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dah]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɑː]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɔː]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪æʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪äʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian prepositions",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Old Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "countryside",
"roman": "dehât",
"word": "دهات"
},
{
"english": "sheriff, village leader",
"roman": "deh-xodâ",
"word": "دهخدا"
},
{
"english": "farmer, landlord",
"roman": "dehqân",
"word": "دهقان"
},
{
"english": "peasant",
"roman": "dehče",
"word": "دهچه"
},
{
"english": "hamlet",
"roman": "dehak",
"word": "دهک"
},
{
"english": "small village",
"roman": "deh-kade",
"word": "دهکده"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "દિહ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gujarati: દિહ (dih)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gujarati: દિહ (dih)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "դիհ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "village"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"sc": "Phlv",
"t": "village",
"tr": "MTA",
"ts": "deh"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /deh/, “village”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "peo",
"3": "𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢",
"ts": "dahạyau"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*dáhyuš",
"t": "Village"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "դեհ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian դեհ (deh)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /deh/, “village”), from Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /dahạyau/), from Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”). Compare Old Armenian դեհ (deh), an Iranian borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "deh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "دهها",
"roman": "deh-hâ",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دهات",
"roman": "dehât",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دیه",
"roman": "dih",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "noun",
"3": "plural",
"4": "دهها",
"5": "or",
"6": "دهات",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1tr": "deh-hâ",
"f2tr": "dehât",
"f3tr": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"tr": "deh",
"tr2": "",
"tr3": ""
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh) (plural دهها (deh-hâ) or دهات (dehât))",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "دهها",
"pl2": "دهات",
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh) (plural دهها (deh-hâ) or دهات (dehât))",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"village"
],
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "روستا"
},
{
"word": "قریه"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dih]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪ɪ]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪i]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian prepositions",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Persian verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "stemgive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "deh",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"f1tr": "",
"f2tr": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "deh"
},
"expansion": "ده • (deh)",
"name": "fa-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "dâdan, “to give”",
"word": "دادن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem of دادن (dâdan, “to give”)"
],
"links": [
[
"دادن",
"دادن#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[dih]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪e̞ʱ]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪̥]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪̥]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪eʱ]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian prepositions",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "See در (dar)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "da",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "preposition",
"tr": "da"
},
"expansion": "ده • (da)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Persian colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"Colloquial spelling of در (dar, “in, at, within, among”)"
],
"links": [
[
"در",
"در#Persian"
],
[
"in",
"in"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"within",
"within"
],
[
"among",
"among"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[d̪ä]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
}
],
"word": "ده"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ده meaning in Persian (8.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Persian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (b81b832 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.