See kururu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "kururuapé"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Kururupeba"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "kururú"
},
"expansion": "Nheengatu: kururú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nheengatu: kururú"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cururu",
"3": "sapo-cururu",
"bor1": "1",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: → cururu, ⇒ sapo-cururu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: → cururu, ⇒ sapo-cururu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tup-gua-pro>*kururu>toad",
"id": "toad",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kururu.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gn",
"2": "kururu"
},
"expansion": "Guaraní kururu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kururu.\nCognate with Guaraní kururu.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "o ekururu",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "unpossessable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "unpossessable nouns",
"cat4": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kururu (unpossessable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"expansion": "kururu (unpossessable)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧ru‧ru"
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Anurans",
"orig": "tpw:Anurans",
"parents": [
"Amphibians",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"cane toad (Rhinella marina)"
],
"id": "en-kururu-tpw-noun-7h1xJscd",
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
],
[
"cane toad",
"cane toad"
],
[
"Rhinella marina",
"Rhinella marina#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Anurans",
"orig": "tpw:Anurans",
"parents": [
"Amphibians",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"Rhinella diptycha"
],
"id": "en-kururu-tpw-noun-qmBaRUvr",
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology texts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 34",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tpw",
"name": "Anurans",
"orig": "tpw:Anurans",
"parents": [
"Amphibians",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled toad? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.\nSaraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!",
"ref": "c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço)” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], Niterói, page 71, lines 483–493; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 133:",
"text": "Anjo. Baepe que tuj opica? / Andira ruâpee. / Panama, coipo guaiquica? / enero, cururu açica? / eri, carigueya e. / Ejori / baenẽ baepoxi / bora, miaratacaca / ceboi, tamarutaca\nſarau[aya] — Xepoeirai, xeropecij / auye, teume xemombaca.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Gabriel Soares de Sousa (1587) chapter CXV, in Noticia do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert, 1851, page 266: “cururús [kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XLI, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 253v: “Courourou [Kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "anonymous author (1622) “Sapo”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 113: “Cururu [Kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso (1648) Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Medicina Brasiliensi, book 3, chapter 1 (overall work in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 46: “Cururu [Kururu]”"
}
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-kururu-tpw-noun-mUJapY3q",
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ku.ɾuˈɾu]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "kururu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi entries with etymology texts",
"Old Tupi entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Tupi lemmas",
"Old Tupi nouns",
"Old Tupi terms derived from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Old Tupi terms inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani",
"Old Tupi unpossessable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Tupi/u",
"Rhymes:Old Tupi/u/3 syllables",
"tpw:Anurans"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kururuapé"
},
{
"word": "Kururupeba"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yrl",
"2": "kururú"
},
"expansion": "Nheengatu: kururú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nheengatu: kururú"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "cururu",
"3": "sapo-cururu",
"bor1": "1",
"der2": "1"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: → cururu, ⇒ sapo-cururu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: → cururu, ⇒ sapo-cururu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"2": "inh",
"3": "tup-gua-pro>*kururu>toad",
"id": "toad",
"text": "+"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kururu.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gn",
"2": "kururu"
},
"expansion": "Guaraní kururu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *kururu.\nCognate with Guaraní kururu.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tpw",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "o ekururu",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "unpossessable",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "unpossessable nouns",
"cat4": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kururu (unpossessable)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "u"
},
"expansion": "kururu (unpossessable)",
"name": "tpw-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧ru‧ru"
],
"lang": "Old Tupi",
"lang_code": "tpw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"cane toad (Rhinella marina)"
],
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
],
[
"cane toad",
"cane toad"
],
[
"Rhinella marina",
"Rhinella marina#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"Rhinella diptycha"
],
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Tupi terms with quotations",
"Old Tupi terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Angel: What is here, lying still? Is it a bat, a butterfly or a short-tailed opossum? Maybe a crippled toad? Ay opossum! Come, you stinky, nasty thing, stingless bee, skunk, worm, mantis shrimp.\nSaraûaîa: I'm tired, I'm sleepy. Enough! Don't wake me up!",
"ref": "c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, “Na feſta de .ſ. L^(ço)” (chapter XLIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ], Niterói, page 71, lines 483–493; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 133:",
"text": "Anjo. Baepe que tuj opica? / Andira ruâpee. / Panama, coipo guaiquica? / enero, cururu açica? / eri, carigueya e. / Ejori / baenẽ baepoxi / bora, miaratacaca / ceboi, tamarutaca\nſarau[aya] — Xepoeirai, xeropecij / auye, teume xemombaca.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Gabriel Soares de Sousa (1587) chapter CXV, in Noticia do Brasil (overall work in Portuguese), Salvador; republished as Francisco Adolpho de Varnhagen, editor, Tratado descriptivo do Brazil em 1587, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert, 1851, page 266: “cururús [kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "Claude d'Abbeville (1614) chapter XLI, in Hiſtoire de la Miſsion des Peres Capucins en L’Iſle de Maragnan et terres circonuoiſines [History of the Mission of the Capuchin Fathers in the Island of Maranhão and surrounding lands] (overall work in French), Paris: Imprimerie de François Huby, page 253v: “Courourou [Kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "anonymous author (1622) “Sapo”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 2, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 113: “Cururu [Kururu]”"
},
{
"text": "Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso (1648) Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Medicina Brasiliensi, book 3, chapter 1 (overall work in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 46: “Cururu [Kururu]”"
}
],
"glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"links": [
[
"true toad",
"true toad"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"true toad. Further details are uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ku.ɾuˈɾu]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
}
],
"word": "kururu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kururu meaning in Old Tupi (4.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: unpossessable",
"path": [
"kururu"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kururu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''true toad. Further details are'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"kururu"
],
"section": "Old Tupi",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kururu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Tupi dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.