bugan in Old Saxon

IPA: /ˈbuːɣɑn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *beugan. Etymology templates: {{root|osx|ine-pro|*bʰewgʰ-}}, {{dercat|osx|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|osx|gmw-pro|*beugan}} Proto-West Germanic *beugan Head templates: {{head|osx|verb|head=būgan|sort=}} būgan, {{osx-verb|class=II|head=būgan|type=strong}} būgan Inflection templates: {{osx-conj-st|būg|būg|bōh|bug|bog|class=2}} Forms: būgan [canonical], strong [table-tags], būgan [infinitive], būgu [first-person, present, singular], bōh [first-person, past, singular], būgis [present, second-person, singular], bugi [past, second-person, singular], būgid [present, singular, third-person], bōh [past, singular, third-person], būgad [plural, present], bugun [past, plural], būge [first-person, present, singular], bugi [first-person, past, singular], būges [present, second-person, singular], bugis [past, second-person, singular], būge [present, singular, third-person], bugi [past, singular, third-person], būgen [plural, present], bugin [past, plural], būg [present, singular], būgandi [present], gibogan [past], bogan [past]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "būgen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: būgen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: būgen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "bugen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: bugen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: bugen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewgʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*beugan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beugan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *beugan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "būgan",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būg",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gibogan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bogan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "būgan",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "būgan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "II",
        "head": "būgan",
        "type": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "būgan",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "būg",
        "2": "būg",
        "3": "bōh",
        "4": "bug",
        "5": "bog",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend, bow (down)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bugan-osx-verb-p5L~3vMk",
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ],
        [
          "bow",
          "bow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbuːɣɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bugan"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "būgen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: būgen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: būgen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "bugen"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: bugen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: bugen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰewgʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*beugan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *beugan",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *beugan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "būgan",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bōh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būges",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bugin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būg",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būgandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gibogan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bogan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "būgan",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "būgan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "II",
        "head": "būgan",
        "type": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "būgan",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "būg",
        "2": "būg",
        "3": "bōh",
        "4": "bug",
        "5": "bog",
        "class": "2"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Saxon class 2 strong verbs",
        "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Saxon lemmas",
        "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old Saxon terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰewgʰ-",
        "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old Saxon verbs",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bend, bow (down)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bend",
          "bend"
        ],
        [
          "bow",
          "bow"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbuːɣɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bugan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Saxon dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"bugan" meaning in Old Saxon

Verb