See nad in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nad-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nad",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: nad, nade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: nad, nade"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "nad",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: nad, nady",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: nad, nady"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*nadъ>above",
"id": "above",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *nadъ\nOld Polish nad",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*nadъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *nadъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*nadъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *nadъ\nOld Polish nad\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nade",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "nad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes location; above, over"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-867k9fAj",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; above, over [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes location; near, close to"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-CWjAlIHe",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"close to",
"close to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; near, close to [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes time; just before"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-qanYA3K8",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes time; just before [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes cause; because of"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-GE7xBJvu",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes cause; because of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 3 4 2 1 1 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 6 1 1 2 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 17 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 0 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 3 4 2 1 1 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 6 1 1 2 1 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 2 1 2 1 2 1 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 8 11 30 8 10 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 8 10 30 7 10 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 8 11 29 8 10 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"denotes position in comparison; over, more than"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-K7yYXkN9",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins/acc"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental or accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative",
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"more than",
"more than"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes position in comparison; over, more than [with instrumental or accusative]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"with a reduplicated noun, expresses superlative nature; of"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-TsD7JGVj",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"with a reduplicated noun, expresses superlative nature; of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes subject of power; above"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-qkOVEoZw",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes subject of power; above [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes subject of someones thoughts or actions in relation to, vis-a-vis"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-v-AP3--~",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to"
],
[
"vis-a-vis",
"vis-a-vis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes subject of someones thoughts or actions in relation to, vis-a-vis [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes motion; to above, to over"
],
"id": "en-nad-zlw-opl-prep-8Cpe1IO0",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes motion; to above, to over [with accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nat/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nat/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "nad"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nad-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "nad",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Polish: nad, nade",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: nad, nade"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "nad",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: nad, nady",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: nad, nady"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "inh",
"3": "sla-pro>*nadъ>above",
"id": "above",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *nadъ\nOld Polish nad",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*nadъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *nadъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*nadъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *nadъ\nOld Polish nad\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ. First attested in the 14th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nade",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "nad",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"denotes location; above, over"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; above, over [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes location; near, close to"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"close to",
"close to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes location; near, close to [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes time; just before"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"just",
"just"
],
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes time; just before [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes cause; because of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"because of",
"because of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes cause; because of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes position in comparison; over, more than"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins/acc"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental or accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative",
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"more than",
"more than"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes position in comparison; over, more than [with instrumental or accusative]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"with a reduplicated noun, expresses superlative nature; of"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"of",
"of"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"with a reduplicated noun, expresses superlative nature; of [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes subject of power; above"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes subject of power; above [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes subject of someones thoughts or actions in relation to, vis-a-vis"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ins"
},
"expansion": "[with instrumental]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"in relation to",
"in relation to"
],
[
"vis-a-vis",
"vis-a-vis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes subject of someones thoughts or actions in relation to, vis-a-vis [with instrumental]"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"denotes motion; to above, to over"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"above",
"above"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"denotes motion; to above, to over [with accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nat/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/nat/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "nad"
}
Download raw JSONL data for nad meaning in Old Polish (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.