See któż in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "któż"
},
"expansion": "Polish: któż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: któż"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "af",
"3": "kto>who",
"4": "-ż>emphatic",
"id": "who",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ge\nProto-Slavic *že\nOld Polish -ż\nOld Polish któż",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "kto",
"3": "-ż"
},
"expansion": "kto + -ż",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "ktož"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech ktož",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ge\nProto-Slavic *že\nOld Polish -ż\nOld Polish któż\nFrom kto + -ż. First attested in the 14th century. Compare Old Czech ktož.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "któż m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ż",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
22
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1413-4], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume 14, page 502:",
"text": "Ach, myly bosse, kthoz v cyebye bycz mosse?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-któż-zlw-opl-pron-btAzcUC9",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic, interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"interrogative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ż",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ath 26:",
"text": "Ktosz chcze przeto zbawon bycz, tako o troyczy rozvmey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
50
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 18, 3:",
"text": "To to gest prawo kaplanske w lvdv y od tich, ktosz offyervge obyati swe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"id": "en-któż-zlw-opl-pron-btAzcUC91",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"qualifier": "Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic, relative, Lesser Poland) who"
],
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔːʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ktoʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "któż"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish pronouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷ-",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -ż",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "któż"
},
"expansion": "Polish: któż",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: któż"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "af",
"3": "kto>who",
"4": "-ż>emphatic",
"id": "who",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ge\nProto-Slavic *že\nOld Polish -ż\nOld Polish któż",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "kto",
"3": "-ż"
},
"expansion": "kto + -ż",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "ktož"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech ktož",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷ-\nProto-Indo-European *kʷós\nProto-Balto-Slavic *kas\nProto-Indo-European *só\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tas\nProto-Slavic *tъ\nProto-Slavic *to\nProto-Slavic *kъto\nOld Polish kto\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ge\nProto-Slavic *že\nOld Polish -ż\nOld Polish któż\nFrom kto + -ż. First attested in the 14th century. Compare Old Czech ktož.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "pronoun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "któż m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
22
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1413-4], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume 14, page 502:",
"text": "Ach, myly bosse, kthoz v cyebye bycz mosse?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic, interrogative) who"
],
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"interrogative",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ath 26:",
"text": "Ktosz chcze przeto zbawon bycz, tako o troyczy rozvmey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
45,
50
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 18, 3:",
"text": "To to gest prawo kaplanske w lvdv y od tich, ktosz offyervge obyati swe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
],
"qualifier": "Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(emphatic, relative, Lesser Poland) who"
],
"tags": [
"emphatic",
"masculine",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ktɔːʃ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ktoʃ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "któż"
}
Download raw JSONL data for któż meaning in Old Polish (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.