See ciemność in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciemność"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciemność",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciemność"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ciymność"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: ciymność",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: ciymność"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ciemny",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "ciemny + -ość",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ciemny + -ość. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "ciemność f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 22 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 21 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
43
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 11:",
"text": "Naclonil nebosa y sstøpyl iest, a czemnoscz pod nogamy iego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 96, 2:",
"text": "Oblok y czemnoscz okolo iego, sprawedlnoscz y sød oprawane stolcza iego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
67
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 21:",
"text": "Y stal gest z dalyeka lud, alye Moyszesz przystøpyl ku czyemnoszczy, w ktorey bil bog",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"dark fog"
],
"id": "en-ciemność-zlw-opl-noun-aCTjJXht",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"fog",
"fog"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(attested in Lesser Poland) dark fog"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [
"Hapax legomena",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 22 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 21 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. post.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 173:",
"text": "S czyemnosczy de domo carceris",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"prison"
],
"id": "en-ciemność-zlw-opl-noun-NEr0RTpw",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(hapax legomenon) prison"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 22 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 21 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"english": "darkness of death",
"text": "ciemność śmierci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
59
],
[
123,
132
]
],
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page gl. 101b:",
"text": "Mundus enim erat in tenebris inftdelitatis velike czemnoscy a f neuerzeMundus enim erat in tenebris infidelitatis wielikie ciemności a w niewierze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
32
]
],
"ref": "1896 [Middle of the 15th century], Lucjan Malinowski, editor, Żywot świętego Błażeja. Zabytek języka polskiego z początku wieku XV,, page 322:",
"text": "Genszes naas wywyodl s cyemnoscy przezwyarstwa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1453], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 211:",
"text": "Vykvpyl szvyathe oczcze s czyemnosczy nyevolstva",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
70
]
],
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 704:",
"text": "Ktorąz tho vyarą... apostolovye... ludzy, ktorzyz tho w cziemnosczyach chodzyli, nauczyly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
66
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 179:",
"text": "Za mna szye przyczyn kv pany bogu, yzby mye vybavyl od czyemnosczy thego szwyatha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
36
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 306:",
"text": "Mylovaly lyydzye vyaczey czyemnosczy nyszly szvyathloscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 550:",
"text": "O przezgrzesch[y]ny czlovyecze Iudaschv, dobrze baczy, yze thy yesz v czyemnosczy grzechow polozon",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
71
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 650:",
"text": "Kristus rzekl kv tlusczam...: To yest godzyna vascha y nocz czyemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 87, 6:",
"text": "Poloszili sø mne... w czemnosci smerczi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
42
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 291:",
"text": "Oszvyeczycz thy, chtorzy w czyemnoszczyach y ve czmye szmyerczy szyedza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1902-2024 [XV ex.], Pamiętnik Literacki, volume XXVIII, page 307:",
"text": "S czemnosczy, ze mglosczy smerthelney de tenebris et de ymbra mortis",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"darkness"
],
"id": "en-ciemność-zlw-opl-noun-qlYw9W1t",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, figuratively) darkness"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 22 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 21 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 34, 7:",
"text": "Bødz droga gich czemnosczi y sliskoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 142, 4:",
"text": "Neprzyaczel... posadzyl me w czemnvsczy yako martwe swata",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
18
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 305:",
"text": "Strach cziemnosczy nastaie cahos ingruit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
22
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV med.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 153:",
"text": "*Velud umbra czemnoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV med.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 281:",
"text": "W czemnosczy in tenebris",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1915 [XV med.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 513:",
"text": "W czemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
80,
92
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 15, 12:",
"text": "A gdisz bilo slunce za gorø zaslo, vderzy na Abrama drzemota, a groza wyelika w czyemnoszczy obydze gi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
29
],
[
17,
32
],
[
45,
57
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 285:",
"text": "A szvyatloszcz w czyemnoszczyach szvyeczy, a czyemnoszczy yey nye ogarnąly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
89
]
],
"ref": "1915 [XV ex.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 536:",
"text": "Thedy wyodl swanthy Mychal..., wskazal yemu yeden plomyen, gdzye swyathloscz y czyemnoscz, smanthek y placz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
61
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 136r:",
"text": "Tenebre dusternysse et est tantum pluralis numeri czyemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)"
],
"id": "en-ciemność-zlw-opl-noun-j7QAZtxw",
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 22 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 21 18 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 20 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 20 21 20 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
73
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 4, 11:",
"text": "Ialmuszna ot... grzechu... zbawya a nye przepuscy dusze gydz do cyemnoscy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
141
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 781:",
"text": "Vtore krolevstvo Iesucristovo yest to, v ktoremze on przebyva... a podlug tego samy vyerny a dostoyny, ktorzy ssą vyyączy s moczy czyemnosczy y polozony v okrądze i mylosczy boszkyey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
99,
107
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 525:",
"text": "Miły Jesus odpowiedział swej matce: ... Usłuchamli ciebie, tedy twa dusza musiałaby idź do ojcow w ciemność piekielną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hell"
],
"id": "en-ciemność-zlw-opl-noun-Dr3DMXt1",
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmnɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmnɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ciemność"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms suffixed with -ość",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:Afterlife",
"zlw-opl:Buildings",
"zlw-opl:Light",
"zlw-opl:Prison",
"zlw-opl:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ciemność"
},
"expansion": "Polish: ciemność",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: ciemność"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ciymność"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: ciymność",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: ciymność"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ciemny",
"3": "-ość"
},
"expansion": "ciemny + -ość",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "the 14th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "14th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 14th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ciemny + -ość. First attested in the 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "ciemność f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
43
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 17, 11:",
"text": "Naclonil nebosa y sstøpyl iest, a czemnoscz pod nogamy iego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 96, 2:",
"text": "Oblok y czemnoscz okolo iego, sprawedlnoscz y sød oprawane stolcza iego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
67
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 20, 21:",
"text": "Y stal gest z dalyeka lud, alye Moyszesz przystøpyl ku czyemnoszczy, w ktorey bil bog",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"dark fog"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"fog",
"fog"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(attested in Lesser Poland) dark fog"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish hapax legomena",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
13
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV p. post.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 173:",
"text": "S czyemnosczy de domo carceris",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"prison"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"prison",
"prison"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(hapax legomenon) prison"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with collocations",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Old Polish quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"english": "darkness of death",
"text": "ciemność śmierci",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
59
],
[
123,
132
]
],
"ref": "Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page gl. 101b:",
"text": "Mundus enim erat in tenebris inftdelitatis velike czemnoscy a f neuerzeMundus enim erat in tenebris infidelitatis wielikie ciemności a w niewierze",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
23,
32
]
],
"ref": "1896 [Middle of the 15th century], Lucjan Malinowski, editor, Żywot świętego Błażeja. Zabytek języka polskiego z początku wieku XV,, page 322:",
"text": "Genszes naas wywyodl s cyemnoscy przezwyarstwa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1453], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 211:",
"text": "Vykvpyl szvyathe oczcze s czyemnosczy nyevolstva",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
56,
70
]
],
"ref": "1892 [1484], Hieronim Łopaciński, editor, Reguła trzeciego zakonu św. Franciszka i drobniejsze zabytki języka polskiego z końca w. XV i początku XVI, Krakow, page 704:",
"text": "Ktorąz tho vyarą... apostolovye... ludzy, ktorzyz tho w cziemnosczyach chodzyli, nauczyly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
55,
66
]
],
"ref": "1875 [End of the 15th century], Stanisław Motty, editor, Książeczka do nabożeństwa Jadwigi księżniczki polskiej, Modlitewnik Nawojki, page 179:",
"text": "Za mna szye przyczyn kv pany bogu, yzby mye vybavyl od czyemnosczy thego szwyatha",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
36
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 306:",
"text": "Mylovaly lyydzye vyaczey czyemnosczy nyszly szvyathloscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
70,
81
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 550:",
"text": "O przezgrzesch[y]ny czlovyecze Iudaschv, dobrze baczy, yze thy yesz v czyemnosczy grzechow polozon",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
60,
71
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 650:",
"text": "Kristus rzekl kv tlusczam...: To yest godzyna vascha y nocz czyemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 87, 6:",
"text": "Poloszili sø mne... w czemnosci smerczi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
42
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 291:",
"text": "Oszvyeczycz thy, chtorzy w czyemnoszczyach y ve czmye szmyerczy szyedza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1902-2024 [XV ex.], Pamiętnik Literacki, volume XXVIII, page 307:",
"text": "S czemnosczy, ze mglosczy smerthelney de tenebris et de ymbra mortis",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)",
"darkness"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)",
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, figuratively) darkness"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 34, 7:",
"text": "Bødz droga gich czemnosczi y sliskoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 142, 4:",
"text": "Neprzyaczel... posadzyl me w czemnvsczy yako martwe swata",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
18
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [1444], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 305:",
"text": "Strach cziemnosczy nastaie cahos ingruit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
22
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV med.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 153:",
"text": "*Velud umbra czemnoscz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV med.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume V, page 281:",
"text": "W czemnosczy in tenebris",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
2,
12
]
],
"ref": "1915 [XV med.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 513:",
"text": "W czemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
80,
92
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 15, 12:",
"text": "A gdisz bilo slunce za gorø zaslo, vderzy na Abrama drzemota, a groza wyelika w czyemnoszczy obydze gi",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
29
],
[
17,
32
],
[
45,
57
]
],
"ref": "1928 [End of the fifteenth century], Jan Janów, editor, Zespół ewangelijny Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamoyskich nr 1116, Warsaw, page 285:",
"text": "A szvyatloszcz w czyemnoszczyach szvyeczy, a czyemnoszczy yey nye ogarnąly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
79,
89
]
],
"ref": "1915 [XV ex.], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543, page 536:",
"text": "Thedy wyodl swanthy Mychal..., wskazal yemu yeden plomyen, gdzye swyathloscz y czyemnoscz, smanthek y placz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
50,
61
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 136r:",
"text": "Tenebre dusternysse et est tantum pluralis numeri czyemnosczy",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"darkness (lack of light)"
],
"links": [
[
"darkness",
"darkness"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; attested in Lesser Poland; Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland) darkness (lack of light)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
64,
73
]
],
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 4, 11:",
"text": "Ialmuszna ot... grzechu... zbawya a nye przepuscy dusze gydz do cyemnoscy",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
141
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 781:",
"text": "Vtore krolevstvo Iesucristovo yest to, v ktoremze on przebyva... a podlug tego samy vyerny a dostoyny, ktorzy ssą vyyączy s moczy czyemnosczy y polozony v okrądze i mylosczy boszkyey",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
99,
107
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 525:",
"text": "Miły Jesus odpowiedział swej matce: ... Usłuchamli ciebie, tedy twa dusza musiałaby idź do ojcow w ciemność piekielną",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hell"
],
"links": [
[
"hell",
"hell"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmnɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmnɔɕt͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ciemność"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciemność meaning in Old Polish (12.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, figuratively",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, figuratively",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''darkness (lack of light)'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Lesser Poland, Masovia, Greater Poland",
"path": [
"ciemność"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ciemność",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.