See bić in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bicie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bicz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bijek"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bita droga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bita kopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bita ofiara"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bita wina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dobić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dobijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dobiwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nabić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odbijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pobijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podbić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podbijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przebić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przebijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przybić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przybijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozbić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozbijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ubijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wbić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wbijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wybić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wybijać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wzbić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zbić"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bić",
"id": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bìti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bìti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bìti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bìti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bìti. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bijać",
"tags": [
"frequentative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"freq": "bijać"
},
"expansion": "bić impf (frequentative bijać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biczowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biczować"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to beat with a stick",
"text": "kijem bić",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1931 [1416], “Instytucja początku w średniowiecznym prawie mazowieckim”, in Józef Rafacz, editor, Themis Polska, volume 6, Masovia, page 19:",
"text": "Przibegly na jego *gospodo i bili",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1388], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume I, number 320, Poznań:",
"text": "Wawrzinecz ne bil Veronie",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 5:",
"text": "Naklonczye glowy szwoye, byancz pyerszy szwoye mowczye: Boze, bancz mylosczyw",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1427], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 2688, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jacom ya nye byla bidla Falczina samowtora silø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV ex.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Gniezno, Warsaw, page 145:",
"text": "Oczy mu zaw[a]zaly Zydowye okruthny, poszyky mu dawaly, w lyczye yego byly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 652:",
"text": "Jęli miłego Jesucrista, ... niektorzy po szyji bijąc",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 285:",
"text": "Spadł deszcz, przyszły potopy, vzyaly wiatrowie bijąc ku onemu domu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 8448:",
"text": "Climonth ne byl Clary meczowa glowicza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 101, 5:",
"text": "Byt iesm iaco syano y zeschło iest sercze moie, bo iesm zapomnal giescz chleba mego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1406], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 760, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ya pomoczniczø ne bila, kedi Smislawa bita",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 10:",
"text": "Biyandzi sbytemu albo czirzpyąnczemu crzywdan ot policzka pyancz kop groschi... zaplaczicz ma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV p. pr.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page 301:",
"text": "Bythego, zarzuczonyego et nos portavimus eum leprosum et percussum a deo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 23:",
"text": "A gdiszbi uszrzal krew na swyrz[ch]nych prodzech y na obu podwoyu, mynyecz dzwyrze domowe, a nye da byyøczemu wnydz w wasze domi a uraszycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 20:",
"text": "Czlowyek aczbi spal z *zon[y]a sløczenim szemyenya (coitu seminis), gesz to bi bila dzewka..., ale wiplatø nye *viplaczono..., bita bødzeta oba",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 402:",
"text": "Bith id est percussus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876-1929 [c. 1500], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume X, Trzemeszno, page 383:",
"text": "Tako okrutnye smagaly y bily",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1886 [c. 1455-1460], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Die polnische Recension der Magdeburger Urtheile und die einschlägigen deutschen, lateinischen und czechischen Sammlungen, page 182:",
"text": "Gorącza gest rzecz, gdy kogo vfaczą, a on kogo byge albo dobyya",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1467], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume VIII, Chęciny, page 20:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stachny... nye byl..., gdy byegla do syna swego zabytego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 5:",
"text": "Naklonczye glowy szwoye, byancz pyerszy szwoye, mowczye: Boze, bancz mylosczyw!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902 [1408], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 363:",
"text": "Staszek kigem ne bith ot paney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896 [Middle of the 15th century], Lucjan Malinowski, editor, Żywot świętego Błażeja. Zabytek języka polskiego z początku wieku XV,, page 321:",
"text": "Sødza przykazral gy kiymy bycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor, De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią], Mierzeniec, Płock, line 459:",
"text": "Sly mnych... nye dba, ysz go kygyem bygyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1463, Dawid z Mirzyńca, Skarga umierającego, Płock, line 45:",
"text": "Mlothem moye pyrzszy bygyv, dusza nye szmye vynycz szygyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882 [XV ex.], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Kleinere altpolnische Texte aus Handschriften des XV. und des Anfangs des XVI. Jahrhunderts, page 292:",
"text": "O boże, który dlya othkupyenya szwyatha chczyalesz szye narodzycz... a yako baranek nyewynny na offyarą wyeszcz..., od fałszywych szwyathkow oszkarzycz,... czyrnym ykoronowacz, poszyky bycz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, to hit"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-TBflRil1",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc<whom/what>",
"3": ":w(acc)<what>",
"4": ":po(loc)<what>",
"5": ":ku(dat)<to what><q:of winds>",
"6": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative ‘whom/what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what’; or (of winds) with ku (+ dative) ‘to what’; or with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"with po (+ locative) ‘what’",
"with w (+ accusative) ‘what’"
],
"words": [
"accusative",
"‘whom/what’;",
"(of",
"winds)",
"with",
"ku",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘to",
"what’;",
"with",
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Masovia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland) to beat, to hit [with accusative ‘whom/what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what’; or (of winds) with ku (+ dative) ‘to what’; or with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1400], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 17, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ia ne bil na Mar[czino]w dom szamotrzecz szilø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1401], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 48:",
"text": "Na gego dom bil y begal",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879 [1416], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis, Masovia, page 75:",
"text": "Yego bracza... strzelaly y bili... na mø braczø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1422], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 28, Warsaw:",
"text": "Tszom vczinil Barthlomeieui, tom vczinil sza iego poczanthkem, kedi prziszedl na mø gospodø y bil na mø pilatikem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 956, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Czo vczinil Iasszek łanowy, tho za yego poczanthkem, kedi pomocznikem byl vel fuit bratu swemv, kedi nan bil vel percussit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1298, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Vczinil... za yego poczanthkem, kedi yemu na striya szekyrø byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1445], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume VIII, Chęciny, page 18:",
"text": "Luba nye zastampal Mychala any nan byl schamotrzecz szylą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1445], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 81:",
"text": "Ja kom ya nye zastąpal Michal[a] anym nam byl schamotrzecz szylą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1471], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3036, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya przischethwschi do goszpody szamowt[o]r gwalthem dobythym myeczeem nye bilem na goscze paną pothkomorzego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1472], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3057, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya sszamopyath gwalthem przischethwschi na gimyenye Bronischowo ssz ostra bronya nye bilem na zoną gego anym gey szwoyka na glowye przeczam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1931 [1473], “Instytucja początku w średniowiecznym prawie mazowieckim”, in Józef Rafacz, editor, Themis Polska, volume 6, Masovia, page 23:",
"text": "Thegom ya zabyl za yego *poczothkyem, gdy na mya ostra bronya byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868 [1482], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego, volume XVIII, page 234:",
"text": "Hrycz violenter invadiens in molendinum Gotardi secavit hostium, ...et ad molendinatorem tetigisset al. byl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to attack, to assault"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-q8d-82-7",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":na(acc)"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative)]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland) to attack, to assault [with na (+ accusative)]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 23:",
"text": "Nyszadni z was nye wichocz z domu swego asz do zayutrka, bocz pan poydze byyøcz Egipskye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 243:",
"text": "Panie Iesu, ...prossą czyebye, aby thwoy krzysz wybawił mye od anyola byyaczego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1927 [c. 1455], Kazimierz Dobrowolski, editor, Przyczynki do dziejów średniowiecznej kultury polskiej z rękopisu szczyrzyckiego, Szczyrzyc, page 325:",
"text": "Grudzyen gymyecz moye: byya vyeprze szvogye ludzye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-Ps~5DR-I",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 29, 22:",
"text": "Przeto zbyly biki y wzøly kaplany krew gich y przelyaly iø na oltarzv y byly takesz skopi, a tich krew na oltarzu przelyaly",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill",
"to slaughter"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-1k9hO~FM",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"slaughter",
"slaughter"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879 [1407], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis, Masovia, page 8:",
"text": "O ktori jasz szalowal na mø Vith, ten ja biyø daley trzech lath",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page 146:",
"text": "Palye *byyyą pali fundantur",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fasten, to fix"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-abQM0JTh",
"links": [
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland) to fasten, to fix"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzecz, Warsaw, page 485:",
"text": "Dlugo bywsszy szę sz nym, assz podal thyl dyu pugnando convertit in fugam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1436], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 278:",
"text": "Gdy dwa bylasta szą byky duobus dimicantibus tauris",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1443], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume II, number 3153:",
"text": "Romey byl sza jako dobrj czlowek podluk jego sziku, a gego odgechanim ne stala [się] skoda panu Komorowskye]mu]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 32, 24:",
"text": "Tu syø gest s nym bil møz aze do yutra",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 34:",
"text": "Byly schą certaverunt",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 780:",
"text": "-",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-kizscKQT",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":z(ins)<with whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘with",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to fight [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 11 15 9 11 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1388], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 1107, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Meus pater cum Alexio fratre habent rzond diuisiue, quod non debuit bicz sø ad Glandzanouo, quem frater exemit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1897 [1389], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 1411, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Cum Nicolao condictacionem habui, quod in die sancti Johannis ad agrum non veniet, tunc ad ipsum nichil haberet, ne mal szø bicz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight",
"to argue"
],
"id": "en-bić-zlw-opl-verb-MDTIql-A",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":z(ins)<with whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘with",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"argue",
"argue"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to fight [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca) to argue"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bić"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/it͡ʃ",
"Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/it͡ʃ/1 syllable",
"Upper Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Upper Sorbian imperfective Ve4a verbs",
"Upper Sorbian imperfective verbs",
"Upper Sorbian lemmas",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyh₂- (strike)",
"Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Upper Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Upper Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Upper Sorbian terms with homophones",
"Upper Sorbian verbs",
"zlw-opl:Death",
"zlw-opl:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bicie"
},
{
"word": "bicz"
},
{
"word": "bijek"
},
{
"word": "bita droga"
},
{
"word": "bita kopa"
},
{
"word": "bita ofiara"
},
{
"word": "bita wina"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dobić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dobijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dobiwać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nabić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "odbijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pobić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pobijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podbić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podbijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przebić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przebijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przybić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "przybijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozbić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozbijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ubijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wbić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wbijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wybić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wybijać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wzbić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zabić"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zbić"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bić",
"id": "beat"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bić"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bić"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bić",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyh₂-",
"id": "strike"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bìti",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bìti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bìti"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bìti",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "1388",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1388"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1388",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bìti. First attested in 1388.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bijać",
"tags": [
"frequentative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"freq": "bijać"
},
"expansion": "bić impf (frequentative bijać)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "biczowanie"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "biczować"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with collocations",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to beat with a stick",
"text": "kijem bić",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1931 [1416], “Instytucja początku w średniowiecznym prawie mazowieckim”, in Józef Rafacz, editor, Themis Polska, volume 6, Masovia, page 19:",
"text": "Przibegly na jego *gospodo i bili",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1887, 1889 [1388], Józef Lekszycki, editor, Die ältesten großpolnischen Grodbücher, volume I, number 320, Poznań:",
"text": "Wawrzinecz ne bil Veronie",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 5:",
"text": "Naklonczye glowy szwoye, byancz pyerszy szwoye mowczye: Boze, bancz mylosczyw",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1427], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 2688, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jacom ya nye byla bidla Falczina samowtora silø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV ex.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Gniezno, Warsaw, page 145:",
"text": "Oczy mu zaw[a]zaly Zydowye okruthny, poszyky mu dawaly, w lyczye yego byly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 652:",
"text": "Jęli miłego Jesucrista, ... niektorzy po szyji bijąc",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 285:",
"text": "Spadł deszcz, przyszły potopy, vzyaly wiatrowie bijąc ku onemu domu",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 8448:",
"text": "Climonth ne byl Clary meczowa glowicza",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 101, 5:",
"text": "Byt iesm iaco syano y zeschło iest sercze moie, bo iesm zapomnal giescz chleba mego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1406], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 760, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ya pomoczniczø ne bila, kedi Smislawa bita",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 10:",
"text": "Biyandzi sbytemu albo czirzpyąnczemu crzywdan ot policzka pyancz kop groschi... zaplaczicz ma",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1880-1894 [XV p. pr.], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, page 301:",
"text": "Bythego, zarzuczonyego et nos portavimus eum leprosum et percussum a deo",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 23:",
"text": "A gdiszbi uszrzal krew na swyrz[ch]nych prodzech y na obu podwoyu, mynyecz dzwyrze domowe, a nye da byyøczemu wnydz w wasze domi a uraszycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Lev”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 19, 20:",
"text": "Czlowyek aczbi spal z *zon[y]a sløczenim szemyenya (coitu seminis), gesz to bi bila dzewka..., ale wiplatø nye *viplaczono..., bita bødzeta oba",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 402:",
"text": "Bith id est percussus",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1876-1929 [c. 1500], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume X, Trzemeszno, page 383:",
"text": "Tako okrutnye smagaly y bily",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1886 [c. 1455-1460], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Die polnische Recension der Magdeburger Urtheile und die einschlägigen deutschen, lateinischen und czechischen Sammlungen, page 182:",
"text": "Gorącza gest rzecz, gdy kogo vfaczą, a on kogo byge albo dobyya",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1467], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume VIII, Chęciny, page 20:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stachny... nye byl..., gdy byegla do syna swego zabytego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "15th century, Spowiedź powszechna - Confessio generalis, number 5:",
"text": "Naklonczye glowy szwoye, byancz pyerszy szwoye, mowczye: Boze, bancz mylosczyw!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902 [1408], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 363:",
"text": "Staszek kigem ne bith ot paney",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1896 [Middle of the 15th century], Lucjan Malinowski, editor, Żywot świętego Błażeja. Zabytek języka polskiego z początku wieku XV,, page 321:",
"text": "Sødza przykazral gy kiymy bycz",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1463-1465], Jan Rozwadowski, editor, De morte prologus [Rozmowa mistrza Polikarpa ze śmiercią], Mierzeniec, Płock, line 459:",
"text": "Sly mnych... nye dba, ysz go kygyem bygyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1463, Dawid z Mirzyńca, Skarga umierającego, Płock, line 45:",
"text": "Mlothem moye pyrzszy bygyv, dusza nye szmye vynycz szygyv",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1882 [XV ex.], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Kleinere altpolnische Texte aus Handschriften des XV. und des Anfangs des XVI. Jahrhunderts, page 292:",
"text": "O boże, który dlya othkupyenya szwyatha chczyalesz szye narodzycz... a yako baranek nyewynny na offyarą wyeszcz..., od fałszywych szwyathkow oszkarzycz,... czyrnym ykoronowacz, poszyky bycz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to beat, to hit"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc<whom/what>",
"3": ":w(acc)<what>",
"4": ":po(loc)<what>",
"5": ":ku(dat)<to what><q:of winds>",
"6": "ins<with what>"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative ‘whom/what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what’; or (of winds) with ku (+ dative) ‘to what’; or with instrumental ‘with what’]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"with po (+ locative) ‘what’",
"with w (+ accusative) ‘what’"
],
"words": [
"accusative",
"‘whom/what’;",
"(of",
"winds)",
"with",
"ku",
"(+",
"dative)",
"‘to",
"what’;",
"with",
"instrumental",
"‘with",
"what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, attested in Masovia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland) to beat, to hit [with accusative ‘whom/what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what’; or (of winds) with ku (+ dative) ‘to what’; or with instrumental ‘with what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920 [1400], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 17, Płońsk:",
"text": "Iacom ia ne bil na Mar[czino]w dom szamotrzecz szilø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1888 [1401], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV, Greater Poland, page 48:",
"text": "Na gego dom bil y begal",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879 [1416], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis, Masovia, page 75:",
"text": "Yego bracza... strzelaly y bili... na mø braczø",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1422], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 28, Warsaw:",
"text": "Tszom vczinil Barthlomeieui, tom vczinil sza iego poczanthkem, kedi prziszedl na mø gospodø y bil na mø pilatikem",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 956, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Czo vczinil Iasszek łanowy, tho za yego poczanthkem, kedi pomocznikem byl vel fuit bratu swemv, kedi nan bil vel percussit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1298, Zakroczym:",
"text": "Vczinil... za yego poczanthkem, kedi yemu na striya szekyrø byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [1445], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume VIII, Chęciny, page 18:",
"text": "Luba nye zastampal Mychala any nan byl schamotrzecz szylą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1921 [1445], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Wolność kmieca na Mazowszu w wieku XV, Masovia, page 81:",
"text": "Ja kom ya nye zastąpal Michal[a] anym nam byl schamotrzecz szylą",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1471], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3036, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya przischethwschi do goszpody szamowt[o]r gwalthem dobythym myeczeem nye bilem na goscze paną pothkomorzego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 [1472], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 3057, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya sszamopyath gwalthem przischethwschi na gimyenye Bronischowo ssz ostra bronya nye bilem na zoną gego anym gey szwoyka na glowye przeczam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1931 [1473], “Instytucja początku w średniowiecznym prawie mazowieckim”, in Józef Rafacz, editor, Themis Polska, volume 6, Masovia, page 23:",
"text": "Thegom ya zabyl za yego *poczothkyem, gdy na mya ostra bronya byl",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868 [1482], Akta grodzkie i ziemskie z czasów Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej : z archiwum tak zwanego bernardyńskiego we Lwowie w skutek fundacyi śp. Alexandra hr. Stadnickiego, volume XVIII, page 234:",
"text": "Hrycz violenter invadiens in molendinum Gotardi secavit hostium, ...et ad molendinatorem tetigisset al. byl",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to attack, to assault"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":na(acc)"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative)]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland) to attack, to assault [with na (+ accusative)]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 12, 23:",
"text": "Nyszadni z was nye wichocz z domu swego asz do zayutrka, bocz pan poydze byyøcz Egipskye",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 243:",
"text": "Panie Iesu, ...prossą czyebye, aby thwoy krzysz wybawił mye od anyola byyaczego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1927 [c. 1455], Kazimierz Dobrowolski, editor, Przyczynki do dziejów średniowiecznej kultury polskiej z rękopisu szczyrzyckiego, Szczyrzyc, page 325:",
"text": "Grudzyen gymyecz moye: byya vyeprze szvogye ludzye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill"
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “II Par”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 29, 22:",
"text": "Przeto zbyly biki y wzøly kaplany krew gich y przelyaly iø na oltarzv y byly takesz skopi, a tich krew na oltarzu przelyaly",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill",
"to slaughter"
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"slaughter",
"slaughter"
]
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1879 [1407], Jan Tadeusz Lubomirski, editor, Księga ziemi czerskiej 1404-1425. Liber terrae Cernensis, Masovia, page 8:",
"text": "O ktori jasz szalowal na mø Vith, ten ja biyø daley trzech lath",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [XV ex.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, Zator, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, page 146:",
"text": "Palye *byyyą pali fundantur",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fasten, to fix"
],
"links": [
[
"fasten",
"fasten"
],
[
"fix",
"fix"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland; attested in Masovia; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Masovia, Lesser Poland) to fasten, to fix"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish reflexive verbs",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1885-2024 [c. 1428], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne, volume I, Międzyrzecz, Warsaw, page 485:",
"text": "Dlugo bywsszy szę sz nym, assz podal thyl dyu pugnando convertit in fugam",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1436], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIII, page 278:",
"text": "Gdy dwa bylasta szą byky duobus dimicantibus tauris",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1856-1870 [1443], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume II, number 3153:",
"text": "Romey byl sza jako dobrj czlowek podluk jego sziku, a gego odgechanim ne stala [się] skoda panu Komorowskye]mu]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 32, 24:",
"text": "Tu syø gest s nym bil møz aze do yutra",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 34:",
"text": "Byly schą certaverunt",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 780:",
"text": "-",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":z(ins)<with whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘with",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to fight [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish reflexive verbs",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1388], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 1107, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Meus pater cum Alexio fratre habent rzond diuisiue, quod non debuit bicz sø ad Glandzanouo, quem frater exemit",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1897 [1389], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume III, number 1411, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Cum Nicolao condictacionem habui, quod in die sancti Johannis ad agrum non veniet, tunc ad ipsum nichil haberet, ne mal szø bicz",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to fight",
"to argue"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":z(ins)<with whom>"
},
"expansion": "[with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"z",
"(+",
"instrumental)",
"‘with",
"whom’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Old_Polish"
],
[
"fight",
"fight"
],
[
"argue",
"argue"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to fight [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’]",
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca) to argue"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bit͡ɕ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bit͡ɕ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bić"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bić meaning in Old Polish (21.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"bić"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bić",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: reflexive with się, attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"bić"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bić",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"bić"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bić",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca",
"path": [
"bić"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bić",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.