See bez in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"alts": "1",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez, bes (Żywiec)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez, bes (Żywiec)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bes",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "elder"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "bez m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "40 9 27 8 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 7 26 8 11 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 65:",
"text": "Bess arborem fetidam",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-noun-pboa4Cyz",
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"Sambucus",
"Sambucus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bez-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "without"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez"
},
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"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "1418",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1418",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez. First attested in 1418.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 106, 4:",
"text": "Zblandzyly sø na pvsczy bez wod (erraverunt in solitudine, in inaquoso)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-EhayqIl1",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) without [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1409], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 1742, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Albertus jan mego czloweka... besz prawa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1425], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume II, Radom, Sandomierz, Opoczno, page 304:",
"text": "Ysze Jan Marczina kmecza *Szvinanywa dzirszal gy w yanczwe... y puszczyl gy bez urzandu szemskyego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1425], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 166:",
"text": "Helwig ne poslal trzidzeszanth woszow do laszu Oppatowa besz yego woley",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VII, page 564:",
"text": "Besz gych dzyaky an eren wyllen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contra, against"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-lEhgT8-D",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"contra",
"contra"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"qualifier": "Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Lesser Poland) contra, against [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 129:",
"text": "Mogaly przyszyasznyczy myecz oszobnego pyszarza besz raczkyego, szlowye myesczkyego pyszarza?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"besides, except"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-Z6LvpwgL",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) besides, except [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 [c. 1455-1460], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Die polnische Recension der Magdeburger Urtheile und die einschlägigen deutschen, lateinischen und czechischen Sammlungen, page 185:",
"text": "Przyszaszely ku przysząstwu besz wyrzeczonego czassv, ten nye moze szye szam szandzycz przez przysząstwa przesz swe obesczye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-bbfYA-dP",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [with genitive]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "beze"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "through"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1512"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1512",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From bez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition przez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez was about to replace bez around the 14th-15th century. In the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed, however. First attested in c. 1512.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 103:",
"text": "Bez chytrość (per astutiam) Antypatrową lepak synowie Herodowi... byli podeźrani ojcu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"through, by"
],
"id": "en-bez-zlw-opl-prep-PX4MvasA",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by",
"by"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"through, by [with accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"alts": "1",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez, bes (Żywiec)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez, bes (Żywiec)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bes",
"id": "elder"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bes",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bes"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "elder"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bъzъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "the 15th century",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "15th century"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 15th century",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ. First attested in the 15th century.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bez m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "bez m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 65:",
"text": "Bess arborem fetidam",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
],
"links": [
[
"elder",
"elder"
],
[
"Sambucus",
"Sambucus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) elder (bush of genus Sambucus)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bez-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "without"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "without"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bez"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "1418",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1418"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1418",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bez. First attested in 1418.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament",
"ref": "1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 106, 4:",
"text": "Zblandzyly sø na pvsczy bez wod (erraverunt in solitudine, in inaquoso)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Lesser Poland) without [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 [1409], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 1742, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Albertus jan mego czloweka... besz prawa",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1901 [1425], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume II, Radom, Sandomierz, Opoczno, page 304:",
"text": "Ysze Jan Marczina kmecza *Szvinanywa dzirszal gy w yanczwe... y puszczyl gy bez urzandu szemskyego",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895 [1425], Archiwum Komisji Prawniczej. Collectanea ex Archivo Collegii Iuridici, volume VIIIa, page 166:",
"text": "Helwig ne poslal trzidzeszanth woszow do laszu Oppatowa besz yego woley",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884 [c. 1455-1460], “Die Magdeburger Urtheile. Ein Deutschen Rechtes in polnischer Sprache aus der Mitte des XV Jahrhunderts”, in Aleksander Brückner, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VII, page 564:",
"text": "Besz gych dzyaky an eren wyllen",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"contra, against"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"contra",
"contra"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
],
"qualifier": "Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Lesser Poland) contra, against [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "History of Slavic lawmaking",
"ref": "1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. \"Ortyls\"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 129:",
"text": "Mogaly przyszyasznyczy myecz oszobnego pyszarza besz raczkyego, szlowye myesczkyego pyszarza?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"besides, except"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"besides",
"besides"
],
[
"except",
"except"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland) besides, except [with genitive]"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 [c. 1455-1460], Emil Kałużniacki, editor, Die polnische Recension der Magdeburger Urtheile und die einschlägigen deutschen, lateinischen und czechischen Sammlungen, page 185:",
"text": "Przyszaszely ku przysząstwu besz wyrzeczonego czassv, ten nye moze szye szam szandzycz przez przysząstwa przesz swe obesczye",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"before"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gen"
},
"expansion": "[with genitive]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"before [with genitive]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "beze"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish prepositions",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 17 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zlw-opl:Moschatel family plants"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Polish: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: bez"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "bez",
"id": "through"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: bez",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: bez"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "through"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1512"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1512",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From bez, due to confusion with the rhyming preposition przez. The two words were and are used interchangeably in various dialects, and in Old Polish przez was about to replace bez around the 14th-15th century. In the written language the earlier distinction ultimately prevailed, however. First attested in c. 1512.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "preposition"
},
"expansion": "bez",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 103:",
"text": "Bez chytrość (per astutiam) Antypatrową lepak synowie Herodowi... byli podeźrani ojcu",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"through, by"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "acc"
},
"expansion": "[with accusative]",
"extra_data": {
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"by",
"by"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"through, by [with accusative]"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɛs/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "bez"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bez meaning in Old Polish (10.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: 'bez m animacy unattested' in 'bez m animacy unattested'",
"path": [
"bez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"bez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "bez",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"bez"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "preposition",
"title": "bez",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.