See kasta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kasta meaning in Old Norse (16.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kaste"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kaste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kaste"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kaste"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kaste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kaste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "kastin",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ North Frisian: kastin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ North Frisian: kastin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "casten",
"3": "kesten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: casten, kesten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: casten, kesten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cast"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cast"
},
"expansion": "English: cast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cast"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "casten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: casten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: casten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "casten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: casten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: casten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kas-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kastōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kastōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kastōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kastandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kastandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastazk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðuzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kasta",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kasta",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kast",
"2": "kǫst"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstum",
"impr_2pl": "kastið",
"impr_2sg": "kasta",
"infinitive": "kasta",
"mp_impr_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "kastask",
"mp_infinitive": "kastask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "kastazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "kastaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "kastaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "kastask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "kastask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "kastask",
"mp_pres_part": "kastandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "kastimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "kastisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "kastisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "kastisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaði",
"past_part": "kastaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaði",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kasta",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastar",
"pres_part": "kastandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kasti",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kasti",
"title1": "Conjugation of kasta — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of kasta — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstum",
"impr_2pl": "kastið",
"impr_2sg": "kasta",
"infinitive": "kasta",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaði",
"past_part": "kastaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kasta",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastar",
"pres_part": "kastandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kasti",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kasti",
"title": "Conjugation of kasta — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasti",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasti",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"impr_2pl": "kastizk",
"impr_2sg": "kastask",
"infinitive": "kastask",
"mode": "mpass",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðumsk",
"past_ind_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuzk",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðusk",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_part": "kastazk",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðimsk",
"past_sub_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðizk",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaðisk",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastizk",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastask",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kastask",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastask",
"pres_part": "kastandisk",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastimsk",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastizk",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastisk",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kastisk",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kastisk",
"title": "Conjugation of kasta — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastazk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðuzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to throw about, turn around (something)",
"word": "kasta um"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cast, to throw"
],
"id": "en-kasta-non-verb-54uD-akO",
"links": [
[
"cast",
"cast#English"
],
[
"throw",
"throw#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with dative) to cast, to throw"
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"with-dative"
]
}
],
"word": "kasta"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to throw about, turn around (something)",
"word": "kasta um"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kasta"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kasta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kasta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kaste"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kaste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kaste"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kaste"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kaste",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kaste"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "kastin",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ North Frisian: kastin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ North Frisian: kastin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "casten",
"3": "kesten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: casten, kesten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: casten, kesten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "cast"
},
"expansion": "Scots: cast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: cast"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cast"
},
"expansion": "English: cast",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: cast"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "casten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: casten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: casten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "casten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: casten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: casten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kas-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kastōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kastōną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *kastōną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kastandi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðr",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaða",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastar",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðum",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðuð",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastir",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðim",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðið",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaði",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kasta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "non-conj-weak2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kastandisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastazk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðumk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðumsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðuzk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastask",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kǫstuðusk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðimsk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðizk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kastaðisk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"10": "{{{ppast2}}}",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{ppast3}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pp2}}}",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{spast2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{2}}}",
"9": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "kasta",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kasta",
"name": "non-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kast",
"2": "kǫst"
},
"name": "non-conj-weak2"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstum",
"impr_2pl": "kastið",
"impr_2sg": "kasta",
"infinitive": "kasta",
"mp_impr_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"mp_impr_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_impr_2sg": "kastask",
"mp_infinitive": "kastask",
"mp_past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðumsk",
"mp_past_ind_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"mp_past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuzk",
"mp_past_ind_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðusk",
"mp_past_ind_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_part": "kastazk",
"mp_past_sub_1pl": "kastaðimsk",
"mp_past_sub_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"mp_past_sub_2pl": "kastaðizk",
"mp_past_sub_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3pl": "kastaðisk",
"mp_past_sub_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"mp_pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"mp_pres_ind_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"mp_pres_ind_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_pres_ind_2sg": "kastask",
"mp_pres_ind_3pl": "kastask",
"mp_pres_ind_3sg": "kastask",
"mp_pres_part": "kastandisk",
"mp_pres_sub_1pl": "kastimsk",
"mp_pres_sub_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"mp_pres_sub_2pl": "kastizk",
"mp_pres_sub_2sg": "kastisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3pl": "kastisk",
"mp_pres_sub_3sg": "kastisk",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaði",
"past_part": "kastaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaði",
"personal": "yes",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kasta",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastar",
"pres_part": "kastandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kasti",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kasti",
"title1": "Conjugation of kasta — active (weak class 2)",
"title2": "Conjugation of kasta — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-blank-full"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstum",
"impr_2pl": "kastið",
"impr_2sg": "kasta",
"infinitive": "kasta",
"mode": "act",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðum",
"past_ind_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuð",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðu",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaði",
"past_part": "kastaðr",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðim",
"past_sub_1sg": "kastaða",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðið",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðir",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaði",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaði",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstum",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastar",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kasta",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastar",
"pres_part": "kastandi",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastim",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kasta",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastið",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastir",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kasti",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kasti",
"title": "Conjugation of kasta — active (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastandi",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðr",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaða",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastar",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðir",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastar",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstum",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðum",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðuð",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðu",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaða",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastir",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðir",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasti",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastim",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðim",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðið",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasti",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaði",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kasta",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstum",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastið",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "act"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"impr_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"impr_2pl": "kastizk",
"impr_2sg": "kastask",
"infinitive": "kastask",
"mode": "mpass",
"past_ind_1pl": "kǫstuðumsk",
"past_ind_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"past_ind_2pl": "kǫstuðuzk",
"past_ind_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_ind_3pl": "kǫstuðusk",
"past_ind_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_part": "kastazk",
"past_sub_1pl": "kastaðimsk",
"past_sub_1sg": "kǫstuðumk",
"past_sub_2pl": "kastaðizk",
"past_sub_2sg": "kastaðisk",
"past_sub_3pl": "kastaðisk",
"past_sub_3sg": "kastaðisk",
"pres_ind_1pl": "kǫstumsk",
"pres_ind_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"pres_ind_2pl": "kastizk",
"pres_ind_2sg": "kastask",
"pres_ind_3pl": "kastask",
"pres_ind_3sg": "kastask",
"pres_part": "kastandisk",
"pres_sub_1pl": "kastimsk",
"pres_sub_1sg": "kǫstumk",
"pres_sub_2pl": "kastizk",
"pres_sub_2sg": "kastisk",
"pres_sub_3pl": "kastisk",
"pres_sub_3sg": "kastisk",
"title": "Conjugation of kasta — mediopassive (weak class 2)"
},
"name": "non-conj-table"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "infinitive",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastandisk",
"2": "pres_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastazk",
"2": "past_part",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumk",
"2": "pres_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumk",
"2": "past_ind_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_ind_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_ind_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumsk",
"2": "pres_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumsk",
"2": "past_ind_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "pres_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðuzk",
"2": "past_ind_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "pres_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðusk",
"2": "past_ind_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumk",
"2": "pres_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstuðumk",
"2": "past_sub_1sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_3sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastimsk",
"2": "pres_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðimsk",
"2": "past_sub_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "pres_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðizk",
"2": "past_sub_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastisk",
"2": "pres_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastaðisk",
"2": "past_sub_3pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastask",
"2": "impr_2sg",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kǫstumsk",
"2": "impr_1pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kastizk",
"2": "impr_2pl",
"3": "mpass"
},
"name": "non-conj-cell"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse class 2 weak verbs",
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kas-",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse transitive verbs",
"Old Norse verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to cast, to throw"
],
"links": [
[
"cast",
"cast#English"
],
[
"throw",
"throw#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, with dative) to cast, to throw"
],
"tags": [
"transitive",
"with-dative"
]
}
],
"word": "kasta"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.