"draugr" meaning in Old Norse

See draugr in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈdrɑuɣr̩/ (note: 12th century Icelandic)
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”). Akin to Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”) and Old High German bitrog (“delusion”), gitrog (“ghost”). See also Finnish raukka. Etymology templates: {{root|non|ine-pro|*dʰrewgʰ-|id=deceive}}, {{inh|non|gem-pro|*draugaz||delusion, mirage, illusion}} Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”), {{cog|osx|gidrog||delusion}} Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”), {{cog|goh|bitrog||delusion}} Old High German bitrog (“delusion”), {{cog|fi|raukka}} Finnish raukka Head templates: {{head|non|nouns|g=m|g2=|head=|sort=|tr=}} draugr m, {{non-noun|m|draugs|draugar}} draugr m (genitive draugs, plural draugar) Inflection templates: {{non-decl-m-a|draug|draug}}, {{non-decl-blank-full|apd=draugana|api=drauga|asd=drauginn|asi=draug|dpd=draugunum|dpi=draugum|dsd=drauginum|dsi=draugi|g=masculine|gpd=drauganna|gpi=drauga|gsd=draugsins|gsi=draugs|notes=|npd=draugarnir|npi=draugar|nsd=draugrinn|nsi=draugr|stem=strong a-stem|title=draugr}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugr|nsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugrinn|nsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugar|npi}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugarnir|npd}}, {{non-decl-cell|draug|asi}}, {{non-decl-cell|drauginn|asd}}, {{non-decl-cell|drauga|api}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugana|apd}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugi|dsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|drauginum|dsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugum|dpi}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugunum|dpd}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugs|gsi}}, {{non-decl-cell|draugsins|gsd}}, {{non-decl-cell|drauga|gpi}}, {{non-decl-cell|drauganna|gpd}} Forms: draugs [genitive], draugar [plural], strong [table-tags], draugr [indefinite, nominative, singular], draugrinn [definite, nominative, singular], draugar [indefinite, nominative, plural], draugarnir [definite, nominative, plural], draug [accusative, indefinite, singular], drauginn [accusative, definite, singular], drauga [accusative, indefinite, plural], draugana [accusative, definite, plural], draugi [dative, indefinite, singular], drauginum [dative, definite, singular], draugum [dative, indefinite, plural], draugunum [dative, definite, plural], draugs [genitive, indefinite, singular], draugsins [definite, genitive, singular], drauga [genitive, indefinite, plural], drauganna [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. (Norse mythology) ghost, spirit, undead Tags: Norse, masculine Categories (topical): Norse mythology
    Sense id: en-draugr-non-noun-non:ghost Topics: human-sciences, mysticism, mythology, philosophy, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈdrɑuɣr̩/ (note: 12th century Icelandic)
Etymology: Possibly a nominalisation of Proto-Germanic *draugiz (though one would expect the vowel to display umlaut) or related to drjúgr. Etymology templates: {{inh|non|gem-pro|*draugiz}} Proto-Germanic *draugiz Head templates: {{head|non|noun|g=m}} draugr m
  1. (poetic) dry wood; tree trunk Tags: masculine, poetic
    Sense id: en-draugr-non-noun-non:wood
  2. (poetic) (from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior Tags: masculine, poetic
    Sense id: en-draugr-non-noun-s9uQFbHO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for draugr meaning in Old Norse (8.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "draugur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: draugur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: draugur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "dreygur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: dreygur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: dreygur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrn",
            "2": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Norn: drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norn: drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "drow"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: drow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: drow (merged with troll)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "drow"
          },
          "expansion": "English: drow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: drow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "draug",
            "3": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: draug, drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: draug, drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "draug"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: draug",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: draug"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-oda",
            "2": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Danish: drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Danish: drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "drög"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: drög",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal",
            "2": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal, archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: drög (dialectal, archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "draug",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: draug",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: draug"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "drauge",
            "3": "dravge",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: drauge, dravge",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: drauge, dravge"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "draugr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: draugr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: draugr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Draugr",
            "bor": "2"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: Draugr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: Draugr"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "id": "deceive"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*draugaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "delusion, mirage, illusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gidrog",
        "3": "",
        "4": "delusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bitrog",
        "3": "",
        "4": "delusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bitrog (“delusion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "raukka"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish raukka",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”). Akin to Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”) and Old High German bitrog (“delusion”), gitrog (“ghost”). See also Finnish raukka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "draugs",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-decl-m-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugrinn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugarnir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draug",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauginn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauginum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugsins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauganna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "draugs",
        "3": "draugar"
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m (genitive draugs, plural draugar)",
      "name": "non-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draug",
        "2": "draug"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-m-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "apd": "draugana",
        "api": "drauga",
        "asd": "drauginn",
        "asi": "draug",
        "dpd": "draugunum",
        "dpi": "draugum",
        "dsd": "drauginum",
        "dsi": "draugi",
        "g": "masculine",
        "gpd": "drauganna",
        "gpi": "drauga",
        "gsd": "draugsins",
        "gsi": "draugs",
        "notes": "",
        "npd": "draugarnir",
        "npi": "draugar",
        "nsd": "draugrinn",
        "nsi": "draugr",
        "stem": "strong a-stem",
        "title": "draugr"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-blank-full"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugr",
        "2": "nsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugrinn",
        "2": "nsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugar",
        "2": "npi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugarnir",
        "2": "npd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draug",
        "2": "asi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauginn",
        "2": "asd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauga",
        "2": "api"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugana",
        "2": "apd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugi",
        "2": "dsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauginum",
        "2": "dsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugum",
        "2": "dpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugunum",
        "2": "dpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugs",
        "2": "gsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugsins",
        "2": "gsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauga",
        "2": "gpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauganna",
        "2": "gpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "non",
          "name": "Norse mythology",
          "orig": "non:Norse mythology",
          "parents": [
            "Mythology",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "\"He kindles furnace's fire\", said the ghost.",
          "ref": "Þáttr Þorsteins skelks, in 1827, S. Egilsson, Þ. Guðmundsson, Fornmanna sögur, Volume III. Copenhagen, page 200",
          "text": "Hann kyndir ofn brennanda, sagði draugrinn."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ghost, spirit, undead"
      ],
      "id": "en-draugr-non-noun-non:ghost",
      "links": [
        [
          "Norse",
          "Norse"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "ghost",
          "ghost"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ],
        [
          "undead",
          "undead"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Norse mythology) ghost, spirit, undead"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "non:ghost"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Norse",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdrɑuɣr̩/",
      "note": "12th century Icelandic"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "draugr"
  ],
  "word": "draugr"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "draugur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: draugur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: draugur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*draugiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draugiz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly a nominalisation of Proto-Germanic *draugiz (though one would expect the vowel to display umlaut) or related to drjúgr.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "dry wood; tree trunk"
      ],
      "id": "en-draugr-non-noun-non:wood",
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "dry",
          "dry"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ],
        [
          "tree trunk",
          "tree trunk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) dry wood; tree trunk"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "non:wood"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "(from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior"
      ],
      "id": "en-draugr-non-noun-s9uQFbHO",
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ],
        [
          "warrior",
          "warrior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) (from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdrɑuɣr̩/",
      "note": "12th century Icelandic"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "draugr"
  ],
  "word": "draugr"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Norse lemmas",
    "Old Norse masculine a-stem nouns",
    "Old Norse masculine nouns",
    "Old Norse nouns",
    "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (deceive)",
    "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Norse terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "draugur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: draugur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: draugur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "dreygur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: dreygur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: dreygur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nrn",
            "2": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Norn: drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norn: drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "drow"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: drow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: drow (merged with troll)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "drow"
          },
          "expansion": "English: drow",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: drow"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nn",
            "2": "draug",
            "3": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: draug, drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: draug, drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nb",
            "2": "draug"
          },
          "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: draug",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Norwegian Bokmål: draug"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-oda",
            "2": "drog"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Danish: drog",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Danish: drog"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "drög"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: drög",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal",
            "2": "archaic"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal, archaic)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: drög (dialectal, archaic)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "draug",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Swedish: draug",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Swedish: draug"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "drauge",
            "3": "dravge",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: drauge, dravge",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: drauge, dravge"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "draugr",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: draugr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: draugr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "Draugr",
            "bor": "2"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: Draugr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: Draugr"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
        "id": "deceive"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*draugaz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "delusion, mirage, illusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gidrog",
        "3": "",
        "4": "delusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bitrog",
        "3": "",
        "4": "delusion"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bitrog (“delusion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "raukka"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish raukka",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *draugaz (“delusion, mirage, illusion”). Akin to Old Saxon gidrog (“delusion”) and Old High German bitrog (“delusion”), gitrog (“ghost”). See also Finnish raukka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "draugs",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "non-decl-m-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugr",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugrinn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugarnir",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draug",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauginn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauginum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugunum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "draugsins",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drauganna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "draugs",
        "3": "draugar"
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m (genitive draugs, plural draugar)",
      "name": "non-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draug",
        "2": "draug"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-m-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "apd": "draugana",
        "api": "drauga",
        "asd": "drauginn",
        "asi": "draug",
        "dpd": "draugunum",
        "dpi": "draugum",
        "dsd": "drauginum",
        "dsi": "draugi",
        "g": "masculine",
        "gpd": "drauganna",
        "gpi": "drauga",
        "gsd": "draugsins",
        "gsi": "draugs",
        "notes": "",
        "npd": "draugarnir",
        "npi": "draugar",
        "nsd": "draugrinn",
        "nsi": "draugr",
        "stem": "strong a-stem",
        "title": "draugr"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-blank-full"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugr",
        "2": "nsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugrinn",
        "2": "nsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugar",
        "2": "npi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugarnir",
        "2": "npd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draug",
        "2": "asi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauginn",
        "2": "asd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauga",
        "2": "api"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugana",
        "2": "apd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugi",
        "2": "dsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauginum",
        "2": "dsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugum",
        "2": "dpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugunum",
        "2": "dpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugs",
        "2": "gsi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "draugsins",
        "2": "gsd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauga",
        "2": "gpi"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drauganna",
        "2": "gpd"
      },
      "name": "non-decl-cell"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "non:Norse mythology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "\"He kindles furnace's fire\", said the ghost.",
          "ref": "Þáttr Þorsteins skelks, in 1827, S. Egilsson, Þ. Guðmundsson, Fornmanna sögur, Volume III. Copenhagen, page 200",
          "text": "Hann kyndir ofn brennanda, sagði draugrinn."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ghost, spirit, undead"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Norse",
          "Norse"
        ],
        [
          "mythology",
          "mythology"
        ],
        [
          "ghost",
          "ghost"
        ],
        [
          "spirit",
          "spirit"
        ],
        [
          "undead",
          "undead"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Norse mythology) ghost, spirit, undead"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "non:ghost"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Norse",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "mysticism",
        "mythology",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdrɑuɣr̩/",
      "note": "12th century Icelandic"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "draugr"
  ],
  "word": "draugr"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Norse lemmas",
    "Old Norse masculine nouns",
    "Old Norse nouns",
    "Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old Norse terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "draugur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: draugur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: draugur"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*draugiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *draugiz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly a nominalisation of Proto-Germanic *draugiz (though one would expect the vowel to display umlaut) or related to drjúgr.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "draugr m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Norse",
  "lang_code": "non",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Norse poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dry wood; tree trunk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "dry",
          "dry"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ],
        [
          "tree trunk",
          "tree trunk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) dry wood; tree trunk"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "non:wood"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "poetic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Norse poetic terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "poetic",
          "poetic"
        ],
        [
          "man",
          "man"
        ],
        [
          "warrior",
          "warrior"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(poetic) (from the sense of tree-trunk) man, warrior"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "poetic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdrɑuɣr̩/",
      "note": "12th century Icelandic"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "draugr"
  ],
  "word": "draugr"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Norse dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.