"東" meaning in Old Japanese

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "alt": "ayu, *koti, *kotikaze",
      "word": "東風"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "東",
            "tr": "azuma"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 東 (azuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 東 (azuma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "nocap": "1",
        "sort": "あつま"
      },
      "expansion": "unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "天",
        "3": "端",
        "pos1": "combining form",
        "sort": "あつま",
        "t1": "sky, heavens",
        "t2": "edge, beginning",
        "tr1": "ama",
        "tr2": "tuma"
      },
      "expansion": "天 (ama, “sky, heavens”, combining form) + 端 (tuma, “edge, beginning”)",
      "name": "com"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimate derivation unknown.\nA speculative origin might be a compound of 天 (ama, “sky, heavens”, combining form) + 端 (tuma, “edge, beginning”), but the elision of the ma in ama does not follow normal patterns.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aduma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "あづま",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "kana",
        "4": "あづま",
        "sort": "あつま",
        "tr": "aduma"
      },
      "expansion": "東 (aduma) (kana あづま)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ojp",
          "name": "Compass points",
          "orig": "ojp:Compass points",
          "parents": [
            "Directions",
            "Navigation",
            "Nature",
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the east"
      ],
      "id": "en-東-ojp-noun-tH1WMc44",
      "links": [
        [
          "east",
          "east"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 54 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 94 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 96 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ojp",
          "name": "Compass points",
          "orig": "ojp:Compass points",
          "parents": [
            "Directions",
            "Navigation",
            "Nature",
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the lands east of the 都 (mi₁yako₁, “imperial capital”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-東-ojp-noun-LK77v4qf",
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "都",
          "都#Old Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "吾妻"
    }
  ],
  "word": "東"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "alt": "ayu, *koti, *kotikaze",
      "word": "東風"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "東",
            "tr": "hingashi → higashi"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 東 (hingashi → higashi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 東 (hingashi → higashi)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "c. 759 CE",
      "name": "circa2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "未然形",
        "3": "",
        "4": "incomplete form",
        "tr": "mizenkei"
      },
      "expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "向く",
        "tr": "muku"
      },
      "expansion": "向く (muku)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "日",
        "3": "",
        "alt2": "向か",
        "pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">未然形</i> (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ojp\">向く</i> (muku), “to face a direction”",
        "sort": "ひむかし",
        "t1": "sun",
        "tr1": "pi₁",
        "tr2": "muka"
      },
      "expansion": "日 (pi₁, “sun”) + 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face a direction”)",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "風",
        "tr": "si"
      },
      "expansion": "風 (si)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "昔",
        "3": "",
        "4": "past",
        "tr": "mukasi"
      },
      "expansion": "昔 (mukasi, “past”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Found in one poem of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), but consistently spelled with this single kanji rather than in man'yōgana, thus leaving the reading unspecified.\nOriginally a compound of 日 (pi₁, “sun”) + 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face a direction”). The final -si is possibly either the 風 (si) affix meaning “wind”, or a suffix indicating direction as in 昔 (mukasi, “past”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ひむかし",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "kana",
        "4": "ひむかし",
        "sort": "ひむかし",
        "tr": "*pi₁mukasi"
      },
      "expansion": "東 (*pi₁mukasi) (kana ひむかし)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 38 31",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ojp",
          "name": "Compass points",
          "orig": "ojp:Compass points",
          "parents": [
            "Directions",
            "Navigation",
            "Nature",
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the east"
      ],
      "id": "en-東-ojp-noun-tH1WMc441",
      "links": [
        [
          "east",
          "east"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "Pi1muka",
          "word": "日向"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Man'yōshū",
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "東"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Japanese compound terms",
    "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Japanese lemmas",
    "Old Japanese nouns",
    "Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Old Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
    "ojp:Compass points",
    "yox:Compass points"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "ayu, *koti, *kotikaze",
      "word": "東風"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "東",
            "tr": "azuma"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 東 (azuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 東 (azuma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "nocap": "1",
        "sort": "あつま"
      },
      "expansion": "unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "天",
        "3": "端",
        "pos1": "combining form",
        "sort": "あつま",
        "t1": "sky, heavens",
        "t2": "edge, beginning",
        "tr1": "ama",
        "tr2": "tuma"
      },
      "expansion": "天 (ama, “sky, heavens”, combining form) + 端 (tuma, “edge, beginning”)",
      "name": "com"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimate derivation unknown.\nA speculative origin might be a compound of 天 (ama, “sky, heavens”, combining form) + 端 (tuma, “edge, beginning”), but the elision of the ma in ama does not follow normal patterns.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "aduma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "あづま",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "kana",
        "4": "あづま",
        "sort": "あつま",
        "tr": "aduma"
      },
      "expansion": "東 (aduma) (kana あづま)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the east"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "east",
          "east"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the lands east of the 都 (mi₁yako₁, “imperial capital”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "land",
          "land"
        ],
        [
          "都",
          "都#Old Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "吾妻"
    }
  ],
  "word": "東"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Japanese compound terms",
    "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Japanese lemmas",
    "Old Japanese nouns",
    "Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "ojp:Compass points",
    "yox:Compass points"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "alt": "ayu, *koti, *kotikaze",
      "word": "東風"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "東",
            "tr": "hingashi → higashi"
          },
          "expansion": "Japanese: 東 (hingashi → higashi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Japanese: 東 (hingashi → higashi)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
        "short": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "c. 759 CE",
      "name": "circa2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "未然形",
        "3": "",
        "4": "incomplete form",
        "tr": "mizenkei"
      },
      "expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "向く",
        "tr": "muku"
      },
      "expansion": "向く (muku)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "日",
        "3": "",
        "alt2": "向か",
        "pos2": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">未然形</i> (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ojp\">向く</i> (muku), “to face a direction”",
        "sort": "ひむかし",
        "t1": "sun",
        "tr1": "pi₁",
        "tr2": "muka"
      },
      "expansion": "日 (pi₁, “sun”) + 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face a direction”)",
      "name": "com"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "風",
        "tr": "si"
      },
      "expansion": "風 (si)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "昔",
        "3": "",
        "4": "past",
        "tr": "mukasi"
      },
      "expansion": "昔 (mukasi, “past”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Found in one poem of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), but consistently spelled with this single kanji rather than in man'yōgana, thus leaving the reading unspecified.\nOriginally a compound of 日 (pi₁, “sun”) + 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face a direction”). The final -si is possibly either the 風 (si) affix meaning “wind”, or a suffix indicating direction as in 昔 (mukasi, “past”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ひむかし",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "kana",
        "4": "ひむかし",
        "sort": "ひむかし",
        "tr": "*pi₁mukasi"
      },
      "expansion": "東 (*pi₁mukasi) (kana ひむかし)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ojp",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "Pi1muka",
      "word": "日向"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the east"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "east",
          "east"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Man'yōshū",
    "ja:大辞林",
    "ja:松村明"
  ],
  "word": "東"
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: *pi₁mukasi",
  "path": [
    "東"
  ],
  "section": "Old Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "東",
  "trace": ""
}