See lie in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "liac'h",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Breton: liac'h",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Breton: liac'h"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "lía"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: lía",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: lía"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "lia"
},
"expansion": "Irish: lia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: lia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*līwanks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *līwanks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leh₁w-",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leh₁w- (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λᾶας",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λᾶας (lâas, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "lerë",
"t": "boulder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian lerë (“boulder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *līwanks (compare *līwos), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁w- (“stone”) (compare Ancient Greek λᾶας (lâas, “stone”), Albanian lerë (“boulder”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lïac",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-k&g",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lïaca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lieic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lïaca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lieic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "also llie after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "lïac",
"5": "or",
"6": "lïacc",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lie m (genitive lïac or lïacc)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "k",
"2": "liic",
"3": "lïac",
"acc_sg2": "lieic+N",
"dat_sg2": "lieic+L",
"g": "m",
"gen_pl2": "lïacc+N",
"gen_sg2": "lïacc"
},
"name": "sga-decl-k&g"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "liic+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "lïaca",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "liic+N",
"acc_sg2": "lieic+N",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "k-m",
"dat_du": "lïacaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "lïacaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "liic+L",
"dat_sg2": "lieic+L",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "lïac",
"gen_du2": "lïacc",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "lïac+N",
"gen_pl2": "lïacc+N",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "lïac",
"gen_sg2": "lïacc",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "liic+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "liic",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "lie",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "liic+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "lïaca",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "lie",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes",
"text": "In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It was not a wonder that a god would be made of the stone.",
"text": "Níbu machdath do·rónta día dind lïac.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stone"
],
"id": "en-lie-sga-noun-RjwY9s90",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈl͈ʲi.e/"
}
],
"word": "lie"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "liac'h",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Breton: liac'h",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Breton: liac'h"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "lía"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: lía",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: lía"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "lia"
},
"expansion": "Irish: lia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: lia"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*līwanks"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *līwanks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leh₁w-",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leh₁w- (“stone”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λᾶας",
"t": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λᾶας (lâas, “stone”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "lerë",
"t": "boulder"
},
"expansion": "Albanian lerë (“boulder”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *līwanks (compare *līwos), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁w- (“stone”) (compare Ancient Greek λᾶας (lâas, “stone”), Albanian lerë (“boulder”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lïac",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-k&g",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lïaca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lieic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lïaca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "lïac",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lieic",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "lïacaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lie",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "also llie after a proclitic",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ending in a vowel",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive",
"4": "lïac",
"5": "or",
"6": "lïacc",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "lie m (genitive lïac or lïacc)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "k",
"2": "liic",
"3": "lïac",
"acc_sg2": "lieic+N",
"dat_sg2": "lieic+L",
"g": "m",
"gen_pl2": "lïacc+N",
"gen_sg2": "lïacc"
},
"name": "sga-decl-k&g"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "liic+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "lïaca",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "liic+N",
"acc_sg2": "lieic+N",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "k-m",
"dat_du": "lïacaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "lïacaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "liic+L",
"dat_sg2": "lieic+L",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "lïac",
"gen_du2": "lïacc",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "lïac+N",
"gen_pl2": "lïacc+N",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "lïac",
"gen_sg2": "lïacc",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "liic+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "liic",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "lie",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "liic+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "lïaca",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "lie",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish k-stem nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with quotations",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Beelzebub: it is the custom, then, of the stone that many blows are hit against it, and he who falls upon it breaks his bones; however, he whom it falls on perishes",
"text": "In Belzefuth: is béss didu ind lïacc benir il-béim friss, et intí do·thuit foir ɔ·boing a chnámi, intí fora tuit-som immurgu at·bail-side.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It was not a wonder that a god would be made of the stone.",
"text": "Níbu machdath do·rónta día dind lïac.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stone"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈl͈ʲi.e/"
}
],
"word": "lie"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lie meaning in Old Irish (5.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: lie/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"lie"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lie",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"lie"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lie",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"lie"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lie",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.