See less in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "leas" }, "expansion": "Irish: leas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Irish: leas" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gv", "2": "lhiass" }, "expansion": "Manx: lhiass", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Manx: lhiass" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gd", "2": "leas" }, "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: leas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scottish Gaelic: leas" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*lexstus" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *lexstus", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂lek-", "t": "to protect" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*lesso-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *lesso-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*pleh₁-", "t": "to fill" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*plodъ", "t": "fruit" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived by Irslinger from Proto-Celtic *lexstus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”).\nAn old etymology suggested by Stokes derives this from Proto-Celtic *lesso-, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”), similar to Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”). However, the advent of laryngeal theory makes this etymology impossible, and Irslinger criticizes this derivation for having an unclear suffixation process.", "forms": [ { "form": "lesso", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sga-decl-u", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "lessae", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "lessu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "lessu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesso", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lessa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesso", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "lessa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "lessae", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lessaib", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "lessaib", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "les", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pl2}}}", "17": "", "18": "{{{pl3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "genitive", "6": "lesso", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "g": "m", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "less m (genitive lesso)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "~o" }, "expansion": "less m (genitive lesso)", "name": "sga-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "name": "sga-decl-u" }, { "args": { "acc_du": "less+L", "acc_du2": "", "acc_du3": "", "acc_pl": "lessu", "acc_pl2": "", "acc_pl3": "", "acc_sg": "less+N", "acc_sg2": "", "acc_sg3": "", "class": "u-m", "dat_du": "lessaib", "dat_du2": "", "dat_du3": "", "dat_pl": "lessaib", "dat_pl2": "", "dat_pl3": "", "dat_sg": "less+L", "dat_sg2": "", "dat_sg3": "", "gen_du": "lesso+L", "gen_du2": "lessa+L", "gen_du3": "", "gen_du4": "", "gen_pl": "lessae+N", "gen_pl2": "", "gen_pl3": "", "gen_sg": "lesso+H", "gen_sg2": "lessa+H", "gen_sg3": "", "gen_sg4": "", "n": "", "nom_du": "less+L", "nom_du2": "", "nom_du3": "", "nom_pl": "lessae+H", "nom_pl2": "", "nom_pl3": "", "nom_pl4": "", "nom_sg": "less", "nom_sg2": "", "nom_sg3": "", "voc_du": "less+L", "voc_du2": "", "voc_du3": "", "voc_pl": "lessu", "voc_pl2": "", "voc_pl3": "", "voc_sg": "less", "voc_sg2": "", "voc_sg3": "" }, "name": "sga-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Old Irish", "lang_code": "sga", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "51 49", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "ro·icc less" } ], "glosses": [ "benefit, advantage" ], "id": "en-less-sga-noun-Bt1cIC0-", "links": [ [ "benefit", "benefit" ], [ "advantage", "advantage" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[l͈ʲes]" } ], "word": "less" } { "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "also lless after a proclitic", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ending in a vowel", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "prepositional pronoun" }, "expansion": "less", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Old Irish", "lang_code": "sga", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "third-person singular masculine of la", "word": "les" } ], "categories": [ { "_dis": "51 49", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "37 63", "kind": "other", "name": "Old Irish prepositional pronouns", "parents": [ "Prepositional pronouns", "Prepositions", "Pronoun forms", "Lemmas", "Non-lemma forms", "Pronouns" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative spelling of les (third-person singular masculine of la)" ], "id": "en-less-sga-pron-uvpfy0KE", "links": [ [ "les", "les#Old_Irish" ], [ "la", "la#Old_Irish" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[lʲesʲ]" } ], "word": "less" }
{ "categories": [ "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header", "Old Irish lemmas", "Old Irish masculine nouns", "Old Irish masculine u-stem nouns", "Old Irish non-lemma forms", "Old Irish nouns", "Old Irish prepositional pronouns", "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic", "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "derived": [ { "word": "ro·icc less" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ga", "2": "leas" }, "expansion": "Irish: leas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Irish: leas" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gv", "2": "lhiass" }, "expansion": "Manx: lhiass", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Manx: lhiass" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gd", "2": "leas" }, "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: leas", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scottish Gaelic: leas" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*lexstus" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *lexstus", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₂lek-", "t": "to protect" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "cel-pro", "3": "*lesso-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *lesso-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*pleh₁-", "t": "to fill" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "sla-pro", "2": "*plodъ", "t": "fruit" }, "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived by Irslinger from Proto-Celtic *lexstus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”).\nAn old etymology suggested by Stokes derives this from Proto-Celtic *lesso-, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”), similar to Proto-Slavic *plodъ (“fruit”). However, the advent of laryngeal theory makes this etymology impossible, and Irslinger criticizes this derivation for having an unclear suffixation process.", "forms": [ { "form": "lesso", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "sga-decl-u", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "nominative" ] }, { "form": "lessae", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "singular", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "lessu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "plural", "vocative" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "lessu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "lesso", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lessa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lesso", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "lessa", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dual", "genitive" ] }, { "form": "lessae", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "lessaib", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "dual" ] }, { "form": "lessaib", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "les", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "10": "", "11": "", "12": "", "13": "", "14": "{{{3}}}", "15": "", "16": "{{{pl2}}}", "17": "", "18": "{{{pl3}}}", "2": "noun", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "genitive", "6": "lesso", "7": "", "8": "", "9": "", "cat2": "", "g": "m", "g2": "", "g3": "", "head": "", "sort": "" }, "expansion": "less m (genitive lesso)", "name": "head" }, { "args": { "1": "m", "2": "~o" }, "expansion": "less m (genitive lesso)", "name": "sga-noun" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "name": "sga-decl-u" }, { "args": { "acc_du": "less+L", "acc_du2": "", "acc_du3": "", "acc_pl": "lessu", "acc_pl2": "", "acc_pl3": "", "acc_sg": "less+N", "acc_sg2": "", "acc_sg3": "", "class": "u-m", "dat_du": "lessaib", "dat_du2": "", "dat_du3": "", "dat_pl": "lessaib", "dat_pl2": "", "dat_pl3": "", "dat_sg": "less+L", "dat_sg2": "", "dat_sg3": "", "gen_du": "lesso+L", "gen_du2": "lessa+L", "gen_du3": "", "gen_du4": "", "gen_pl": "lessae+N", "gen_pl2": "", "gen_pl3": "", "gen_sg": "lesso+H", "gen_sg2": "lessa+H", "gen_sg3": "", "gen_sg4": "", "n": "", "nom_du": "less+L", "nom_du2": "", "nom_du3": "", "nom_pl": "lessae+H", "nom_pl2": "", "nom_pl3": "", "nom_pl4": "", "nom_sg": "less", "nom_sg2": "", "nom_sg3": "", "voc_du": "less+L", "voc_du2": "", "voc_du3": "", "voc_pl": "lessu", "voc_pl2": "", "voc_pl3": "", "voc_sg": "less", "voc_sg2": "", "voc_sg3": "" }, "name": "sga-decl-noun" } ], "lang": "Old Irish", "lang_code": "sga", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "benefit, advantage" ], "links": [ [ "benefit", "benefit" ], [ "advantage", "advantage" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[l͈ʲes]" } ], "word": "less" } { "categories": [ "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header", "Old Irish non-lemma forms", "Old Irish prepositional pronouns", "Pages with 8 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_number": 2, "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "less", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "also lless after a proclitic", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] }, { "form": "ending in a vowel", "source": "mutation", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "prepositional pronoun" }, "expansion": "less", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Old Irish", "lang_code": "sga", "pos": "pron", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "extra": "third-person singular masculine of la", "word": "les" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative spelling of les (third-person singular masculine of la)" ], "links": [ [ "les", "les#Old_Irish" ], [ "la", "la#Old_Irish" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[lʲesʲ]" } ], "word": "less" }
Download raw JSONL data for less meaning in Old Irish (6.1kB)
{ "called_from": "inflection/865", "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: less/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()", "path": [ "less" ], "section": "Old Irish", "subsection": "pronoun", "title": "less", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'", "path": [ "less" ], "section": "Old Irish", "subsection": "pronoun", "title": "less", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'", "path": [ "less" ], "section": "Old Irish", "subsection": "pronoun", "title": "less", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.