See fo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fo meaning in Old Irish (5.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fu acis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "faoi"
},
"expansion": "Irish: faoi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: faoi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Manx: fo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: fo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*upo",
"4": "",
"5": "under, up from under"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-prep-infl\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "foum",
"roman": "foam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fó",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fóu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foæ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "founn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foïb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "with accusative or dative"
},
"expansion": "fo (with accusative or dative)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1pl": "founn*",
"1sg": "foum*, foam*",
"2sg": "fout*",
"3pl-dat": "foïb",
"3sgf-dat": "foæ*",
"3sgm-acc": "foí",
"3sgm-dat": "fó(u)"
},
"name": "sga-prep-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prep",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fo-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "God does not come under a promise that he should alter it.",
"text": "Ní taít Día fo tairṅgere conid·chumscaiged.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under, beneath"
],
"id": "en-fo-sga-prep-8Z9N0KPh",
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"beneath",
"beneath"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 15 19 29 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.",
"text": "Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aí fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"id": "en-fo-sga-prep-8Z5Bjywf",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 15 19 29 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"through, throughout"
],
"id": "en-fo-sga-prep-64mY17uE",
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 15 19 29 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is not in affirmation that irascemini is here, i.e. irascemini you pl are angry, but it is in interrogation. [In other words, irascemini is here a question, not a statement. The Latin verb is actually in the future tense, but the Old Irish gloss of it is in the present tense.]",
"text": "Ní fú indidit a·tá irascemini sunt .i. irascemini fercaigthe-si, acht is fo imchomarc a·tá.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in the capacity of"
],
"id": "en-fo-sga-prep-v3eOoiXq",
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 15 19 29 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 17 13 20 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is not (the) apostle who first uttered this text. Otherwise: The apostle did not apply it in the sense in which the prophet uttered it.",
"text": "Ní hé apstal cita·rogab in testimin so. Aliter: Ní fóu da·uc int apstal fon chéill fuand·rogab in fáith.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"according to"
],
"id": "en-fo-sga-prep-KWGm0cjc",
"links": [
[
"according to",
"according to"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸo]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fú"
}
],
"word": "fo"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish prepositions",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fu acis"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "faoi"
},
"expansion": "Irish: faoi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: faoi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Manx: fo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: fo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "fo"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: fo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: fo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*uɸo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *uɸo",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*upo",
"4": "",
"5": "under, up from under"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *uɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-prep-infl\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "foum",
"roman": "foam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fout",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fó",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fóu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foí",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "foæ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "founn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "foïb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "preposition",
"3": "with accusative or dative"
},
"expansion": "fo (with accusative or dative)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1pl": "founn*",
"1sg": "foum*, foam*",
"2sg": "fout*",
"3pl-dat": "foïb",
"3sgf-dat": "foæ*",
"3sgm-acc": "foí",
"3sgm-dat": "fó(u)"
},
"name": "sga-prep-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prep",
"related": [
{
"word": "fo-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "God does not come under a promise that he should alter it.",
"text": "Ní taít Día fo tairṅgere conid·chumscaiged.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"under, beneath"
],
"links": [
[
"under",
"under"
],
[
"beneath",
"beneath"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.",
"text": "Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aí fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"through, throughout"
],
"links": [
[
"through",
"through"
],
[
"throughout",
"throughout"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is not in affirmation that irascemini is here, i.e. irascemini you pl are angry, but it is in interrogation. [In other words, irascemini is here a question, not a statement. The Latin verb is actually in the future tense, but the Old Irish gloss of it is in the present tense.]",
"text": "Ní fú indidit a·tá irascemini sunt .i. irascemini fercaigthe-si, acht is fo imchomarc a·tá.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in the capacity of"
],
"links": [
[
"capacity",
"capacity"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is not (the) apostle who first uttered this text. Otherwise: The apostle did not apply it in the sense in which the prophet uttered it.",
"text": "Ní hé apstal cita·rogab in testimin so. Aliter: Ní fóu da·uc int apstal fon chéill fuand·rogab in fáith.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"according to"
],
"links": [
[
"according to",
"according to"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-accusative",
"with-dative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɸo]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fu"
},
{
"word": "fú"
}
],
"word": "fo"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.