See cros in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cros",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cros, crois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cros, crois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "crosh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: crosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: crosh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "crois",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: crois, cros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: crois, cros"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kross",
"3": "*kors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: kross, *kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: kross, *kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "krossur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: krossur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: krossur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kross"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kross",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kross"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kors",
"3": "kross"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kors, kross",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kors, kross"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cros",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: cros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: cros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cross"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cross, cros, croz, crosse, crosce\nEnglish: cross\n→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)\nScots: cross, cros",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cross, cros, croz, crosse, crosce\nEnglish: cross\n→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)\nScots: cross, cros"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"id": "turn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "la",
"3": "crux"
},
"expansion": "Latin crux",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "croch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of croch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin crux. Doublet of croch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "croisse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cruisse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croise",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crosaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crossaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crosaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chros",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "crossa",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "croisse",
"7": "or",
"8": "cruisse",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cros f (genitive croisse or cruisse, nominative plural crossa)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "croisse",
"3": "crossa",
"gen2": "cruisse"
},
"expansion": "cros f (genitive croisse or cruisse, nominative plural crossa)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crois",
"acc_sg2": "croiss",
"dat_pl2": "crossaib",
"gen_pl2": "cross",
"gen_sg2": "croisse",
"gen_sg3": "cruisse",
"nom_pl2": "crossa",
"nom_sg2": "cross"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "crois+L",
"acc_du2": "croiss",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "crosa+H",
"acc_pl2": "crossa",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "crois+N",
"acc_sg2": "croiss",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "crosaib",
"dat_du2": "crossaib",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "crosaib",
"dat_pl2": "crossaib",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "crois+L",
"dat_sg2": "croiss",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cros+L",
"gen_du2": "cross",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cros+N",
"gen_pl2": "cross",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "croise+H",
"gen_sg2": "croisse",
"gen_sg3": "cruisse",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "crois+L",
"nom_du2": "croiss",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "crosa+H",
"nom_pl2": "crossa",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cros+L",
"nom_sg2": "cross",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "crois+L",
"voc_du2": "croiss",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "crosa+H",
"voc_pl2": "crossa",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cros+L",
"voc_sg2": "cross",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "sga:Geometry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cross (geometrical figure)"
],
"id": "en-cros-sga-noun-iH2LXl8J",
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"cross",
"cross"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) cross (geometrical figure)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kros]"
}
],
"word": "cros"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cros",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cros, crois",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cros, crois"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "crosh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: crosh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: crosh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "crois",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: crois, cros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: crois, cros"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "kross",
"3": "*kors",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Norse: kross, *kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Norse: kross, *kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Danish: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "krossur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: krossur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: krossur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kross"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: kross",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: kross"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kors",
"3": "kross"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kors, kross",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: kors, kross"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kors"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: kors",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: kors"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "cros",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: cros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: cros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cross"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: cross, cros, croz, crosse, crosce\nEnglish: cross\n→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)\nScots: cross, cros",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: cross, cros, croz, crosse, crosce\nEnglish: cross\n→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)\nScots: cross, cros"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker-",
"id": "turn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "la",
"3": "crux"
},
"expansion": "Latin crux",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "croch"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of croch",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin crux. Doublet of croch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "croisse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cruisse",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "croise",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cruisse",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "croiss",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "crosaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crossaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "crosaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "crossaib",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cros",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chros",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cross",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "nominative plural",
"14": "crossa",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "croisse",
"7": "or",
"8": "cruisse",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cros f (genitive croisse or cruisse, nominative plural crossa)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "croisse",
"3": "crossa",
"gen2": "cruisse"
},
"expansion": "cros f (genitive croisse or cruisse, nominative plural crossa)",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crois",
"acc_sg2": "croiss",
"dat_pl2": "crossaib",
"gen_pl2": "cross",
"gen_sg2": "croisse",
"gen_sg3": "cruisse",
"nom_pl2": "crossa",
"nom_sg2": "cross"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "crois+L",
"acc_du2": "croiss",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "crosa+H",
"acc_pl2": "crossa",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "crois+N",
"acc_sg2": "croiss",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "crosaib",
"dat_du2": "crossaib",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "crosaib",
"dat_pl2": "crossaib",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "crois+L",
"dat_sg2": "croiss",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cros+L",
"gen_du2": "cross",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cros+N",
"gen_pl2": "cross",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "croise+H",
"gen_sg2": "croisse",
"gen_sg3": "cruisse",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "crois+L",
"nom_du2": "croiss",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "crosa+H",
"nom_pl2": "crossa",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cros+L",
"nom_sg2": "cross",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "crois+L",
"voc_du2": "croiss",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "crosa+H",
"voc_pl2": "crossa",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cros+L",
"voc_sg2": "cross",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish doublets",
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Latin",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Geometry"
],
"glosses": [
"cross (geometrical figure)"
],
"links": [
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"cross",
"cross"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geometry) cross (geometrical figure)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kros]"
}
],
"word": "cros"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cros meaning in Old Irish (7.9kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cros/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cros"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cros",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cros"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cros",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cros"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cros",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.