"croch" meaning in Old Irish

See croch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /krox/
Etymology: From Insular Proto-Celtic *krukā (compare Welsh crog), borrowed from the oblique stem of Latin crux. Doublet of cros, which was instead formed by attaching feminine ā-stem inflectional endings directly onto the nominative singular. Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*(s)ker-|id=turn}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*krukā}} Proto-Celtic *krukā, {{cog|cy|crog}} Welsh crog, {{der|sga|la|crux}} Latin crux, {{doublet|sga|cros}} Doublet of cros Head templates: {{head|sga|noun||||{{{2}}}||||||||{{{3}}}||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=f|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} croch f, {{sga-noun|f}} croch f Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-a-fem|croich}}, {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=croich+L|acc_du2=|acc_du3=|acc_pl=crocha+H|acc_pl2=|acc_pl3=|acc_sg=croich+N|acc_sg2=|acc_sg3=|class=ā-f|dat_du=crochaib|dat_du2=|dat_du3=|dat_pl=crochaib|dat_pl2=|dat_pl3=|dat_sg=croich+L|dat_sg2=|dat_sg3=|gen_du=croch+L|gen_du2=|gen_du3=|gen_pl=croch+N|gen_pl2=|gen_pl3=|gen_sg=croiche+H|gen_sg2=|gen_sg3=|n=|nom_du=croich+L|nom_du2=|nom_du3=|nom_pl=crocha+H|nom_pl2=|nom_pl3=|nom_sg=croch+L|nom_sg2=|nom_sg3=|voc_du=croich+L|voc_du2=|voc_du3=|voc_pl=crocha+H|voc_pl2=|voc_pl3=|voc_sg=croch+L|voc_sg2=|voc_sg3=}}, {{sga-mutation|c|roch}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], croch [nominative, singular], croich [dual, nominative], crocha [nominative, plural], croch [singular, vocative], croich [dual, vocative], crocha [plural, vocative], croich [accusative, singular], croich [accusative, dual], crocha [accusative, plural], croiche [genitive, singular], croch [dual, genitive], croch [genitive, plural], croich [dative, singular], crochaib [dative, dual], crochaib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], croch [mutation, mutation-radical], chroch [mutation, mutation-nasal], croch [mutation]
  1. cross Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-croch-sga-noun-s5hpUrFF
  2. gallows Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-croch-sga-noun-CteSCUYf Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 18 82
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: crochaid

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for croch meaning in Old Irish (5.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "crochaid"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "croch"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: croch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: croch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "croch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: croch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: croch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "id": "turn"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*krukā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krukā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "crog"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh crog",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crux"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crux",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cros"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of cros",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Insular Proto-Celtic *krukā (compare Welsh crog), borrowed from the oblique stem of Latin crux. Doublet of cros, which was instead formed by attaching feminine ā-stem inflectional endings directly onto the nominative singular.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croiche",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crochaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crochaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chroch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "croch f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "croch f",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "croich"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "croich+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "crocha+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "croich+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "ā-f",
        "dat_du": "crochaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "crochaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "croich+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "croch+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "croch+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "croiche+H",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "croich+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "crocha+H",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "croch+L",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "croich+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "crocha+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "croch+L",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "roch"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is for this they do it: they like to have the glory of apostles, and they do not endure persecution for the cross of Christ.",
          "text": "Is dó da·gníat: maith leu indocbál apstal doib et ní fodmat ingreimm ar chroich Críst.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross"
      ],
      "id": "en-croch-sga-noun-s5hpUrFF",
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gallows"
      ],
      "id": "en-croch-sga-noun-CteSCUYf",
      "links": [
        [
          "gallows",
          "gallows"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krox/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "croch"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish doublets",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish feminine nouns",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish nouns",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Latin",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Irish ā-stem nouns"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "crochaid"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "croch"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: croch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: croch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gd",
            "2": "croch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: croch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scottish Gaelic: croch"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "id": "turn"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*krukā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *krukā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "crog"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh crog",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "crux"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crux",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cros"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of cros",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Insular Proto-Celtic *krukā (compare Welsh crog), borrowed from the oblique stem of Latin crux. Doublet of cros, which was instead formed by attaching feminine ā-stem inflectional endings directly onto the nominative singular.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Feminine ā-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crocha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croiche",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croich",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crochaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crochaib",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chroch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "croch",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{3}}}",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "croch f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "croch f",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "croich"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "croich+L",
        "acc_du2": "",
        "acc_du3": "",
        "acc_pl": "crocha+H",
        "acc_pl2": "",
        "acc_pl3": "",
        "acc_sg": "croich+N",
        "acc_sg2": "",
        "acc_sg3": "",
        "class": "ā-f",
        "dat_du": "crochaib",
        "dat_du2": "",
        "dat_du3": "",
        "dat_pl": "crochaib",
        "dat_pl2": "",
        "dat_pl3": "",
        "dat_sg": "croich+L",
        "dat_sg2": "",
        "dat_sg3": "",
        "gen_du": "croch+L",
        "gen_du2": "",
        "gen_du3": "",
        "gen_pl": "croch+N",
        "gen_pl2": "",
        "gen_pl3": "",
        "gen_sg": "croiche+H",
        "gen_sg2": "",
        "gen_sg3": "",
        "n": "",
        "nom_du": "croich+L",
        "nom_du2": "",
        "nom_du3": "",
        "nom_pl": "crocha+H",
        "nom_pl2": "",
        "nom_pl3": "",
        "nom_sg": "croch+L",
        "nom_sg2": "",
        "nom_sg3": "",
        "voc_du": "croich+L",
        "voc_du2": "",
        "voc_du3": "",
        "voc_pl": "crocha+H",
        "voc_pl2": "",
        "voc_pl3": "",
        "voc_sg": "croch+L",
        "voc_sg2": "",
        "voc_sg3": ""
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "roch"
      },
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is for this they do it: they like to have the glory of apostles, and they do not endure persecution for the cross of Christ.",
          "text": "Is dó da·gníat: maith leu indocbál apstal doib et ní fodmat ingreimm ar chroich Críst.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "gallows"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gallows",
          "gallows"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/krox/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "croch"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Old Irish]; cleaned text: Initial mutations of a following adjective: *ᴴ = triggers aspiration *ᴸ = triggers lenition *ᴺ = triggers nasalization",
  "path": [
    "croch"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "croch",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.