See cin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cin",
"t": "guilt; payment due, fee"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: cin (“guilt; payment due, fee”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: cin (“guilt; payment due, fee”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ghc",
"2": "cion",
"t": "guilt; due portion; partiality"
},
"expansion": "Classical Gaelic: cion (“guilt; due portion; partiality”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Gaelic: cion (“guilt; due portion; partiality”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cion",
"t": "transgression; share; affection"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cion (“transgression; share; affection”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cion (“transgression; share; affection”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷinuts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to pay, avenge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-t&d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "t",
"2": "cinaid",
"3": "cinad",
"4": "cint",
"5": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-t&d"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cinaid+L",
"acc_du2": "cin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "cinta",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cinaid+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "t-m",
"dat_du": "cintaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cintaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cinaid+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cinad",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cinad+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cinad",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cinaid+L",
"nom_du2": "cin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "cinaid",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cin",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cinaid+L",
"voc_du2": "cin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "cinta",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt"
],
"id": "en-cin-sga-noun-p0bDBSFU",
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sin, crime"
],
"id": "en-cin-sga-noun-4pkAudmt",
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʲin/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "cin"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish masculine nouns",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish t-stem nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷey-",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cin",
"t": "guilt; payment due, fee"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: cin (“guilt; payment due, fee”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: cin (“guilt; payment due, fee”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ghc",
"2": "cion",
"t": "guilt; due portion; partiality"
},
"expansion": "Classical Gaelic: cion (“guilt; due portion; partiality”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Classical Gaelic: cion (“guilt; due portion; partiality”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cion",
"t": "transgression; share; affection"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cion (“transgression; share; affection”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cion (“transgression; share; affection”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*kʷinuts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷey-",
"t": "to pay, avenge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *kʷinuts, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (“to pay, avenge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-t&d",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cinta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cinad",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cinaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "cintaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chin",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "cin",
"source": "mutation"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "cin m",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "t",
"2": "cinaid",
"3": "cinad",
"4": "cint",
"5": "a",
"g": "m"
},
"name": "sga-decl-t&d"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cinaid+L",
"acc_du2": "cin",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_du4": "",
"acc_pl": "cinta",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cinaid+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "t-m",
"dat_du": "cintaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "cintaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cinaid+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cinad",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cinad+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cinad",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cinaid+L",
"nom_du2": "cin",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_du4": "",
"nom_pl": "cinaid",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cin",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cinaid+L",
"voc_du2": "cin",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_du4": "",
"voc_pl": "cinta",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cin",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fault, guilt"
],
"links": [
[
"fault",
"fault"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"sin, crime"
],
"links": [
[
"sin",
"sin"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkʲin/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "cin"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cin meaning in Old Irish (5.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cin/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cin"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cin"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cin"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cin",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/1826",
"msg": "inflection table: empty tags for cin",
"path": [
"cin"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cin",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.