áru in Old Irish

IPA: /ˈaːru/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Welsh aren and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sga|cel-pro|*ārū}} Proto-Celtic *ārū, {{cog|cy|aren}} Welsh aren, {{cog|hit|tr=ḫaḫri-}} Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-), {{cog|la|rēn}} Latin rēn, {{cog|xto|āriñc|t=heart}} Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”) Head templates: {{head|sga|noun|||genitive|árann|||||||nominative plural|árainn||{{{pl2}}}||{{{pl3}}}|cat2=|g=f|g2=n|g3=|head=|sort=}} áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn), {{sga-noun|f|árann|árainn|g2=n}} áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn) Inflection templates: {{sga-decl-noun|acc_du=árainn+L|acc_pl=áirne+H|acc_sg=árainn+N|class=n-f|dat_du=árnib|dat_pl=árnib|dat_sg=árainn+L|gen_du=árann+L|gen_pl=árann+N|gen_sg=árann|nom_du=árainn+L|nom_pl=árainn|nom_sg=áru+L|voc_du=árainn+L|voc_pl=áirne+H|voc_sg=áru+L}} Forms: árann [genitive], árainn [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], áru [nominative, singular], árainn [dual, nominative], árainn [nominative, plural], áru [singular, vocative], árainn [dual, vocative], áirne [plural, vocative], árainn [accusative, singular], árainn [accusative, dual], áirne [accusative, plural], árann [genitive, singular], árann [dual, genitive], árann [genitive, plural], árainn [dative, singular], árnib [dative, dual], árnib [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], áru [error-unrecognized-form], pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments [error-unrecognized-form], n-áru

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{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ārū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ārū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "aren"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh aren",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "ḫaḫri-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rēn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "āriñc",
        "t": "heart"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Welsh aren and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-noun\n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áirne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áirne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árnib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árnib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-áru",
      "source": "mutation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "árainn",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "árann",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "n",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "árann",
        "3": "árainn",
        "g2": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "árainn+L",
        "acc_pl": "áirne+H",
        "acc_sg": "árainn+N",
        "class": "n-f",
        "dat_du": "árnib",
        "dat_pl": "árnib",
        "dat_sg": "árainn+L",
        "gen_du": "árann+L",
        "gen_pl": "árann+N",
        "gen_sg": "árann",
        "nom_du": "árainn+L",
        "nom_pl": "árainn",
        "nom_sg": "áru+L",
        "voc_du": "árainn+L",
        "voc_pl": "áirne+H",
        "voc_sg": "áru+L"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Meats",
          "orig": "sga:Meats",
          "parents": [
            "Foods",
            "Eating",
            "Food and drink",
            "Human behaviour",
            "All topics",
            "Human",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Organs",
          "orig": "sga:Organs",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kidney"
      ],
      "id": "en-áru-sga-noun-HfH8w8ta",
      "links": [
        [
          "kidney",
          "kidney"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaːru/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "áru"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*ārū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ārū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "aren"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh aren",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hit",
        "tr": "ḫaḫri-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "rēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin rēn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xto",
        "2": "āriñc",
        "t": "heart"
      },
      "expansion": "Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *ārū. Cognate with Welsh aren and perhaps more distantly with Hittite [script needed] (ḫaḫri-), Latin rēn, and Tocharian A āriñc (“heart”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-decl-noun\n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áirne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áirne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árann",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árainn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árnib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "árnib",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "áru",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-áru",
      "source": "mutation"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "nominative plural",
        "14": "árainn",
        "15": "",
        "16": "{{{pl2}}}",
        "17": "",
        "18": "{{{pl3}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "genitive",
        "6": "árann",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "n",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "árann",
        "3": "árainn",
        "g2": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "áru f or n (genitive árann, nominative plural árainn)",
      "name": "sga-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "acc_du": "árainn+L",
        "acc_pl": "áirne+H",
        "acc_sg": "árainn+N",
        "class": "n-f",
        "dat_du": "árnib",
        "dat_pl": "árnib",
        "dat_sg": "árainn+L",
        "gen_du": "árann+L",
        "gen_pl": "árann+N",
        "gen_sg": "árann",
        "nom_du": "árainn+L",
        "nom_pl": "árainn",
        "nom_sg": "áru+L",
        "voc_du": "árainn+L",
        "voc_pl": "áirne+H",
        "voc_sg": "áru+L"
      },
      "name": "sga-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Irish feminine nouns",
        "Old Irish lemmas",
        "Old Irish masculine or feminine n-stem nouns",
        "Old Irish neuter nouns",
        "Old Irish nouns",
        "Old Irish nouns with multiple genders",
        "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
        "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for native script for Hittite terms",
        "sga:Meats",
        "sga:Organs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kidney"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kidney",
          "kidney"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈaːru/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "áru"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: áru/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "áru"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "áru",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "áru"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "áru",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "áru"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "áru",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/1826",
  "msg": "inflection table: empty tags for n-áru",
  "path": [
    "áru"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "áru",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"áru" meaning in Old Irish

Noun