See sweren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "swern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: swern\nAlemannic German: schwere\nGerman: schwören\nLuxembourgish: schwieren",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: swern\nAlemannic German: schwere\nGerman: schwören\nLuxembourgish: schwieren"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-",
"id": "swear"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swarjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swarjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swarjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swarjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swerian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon swerian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "swerian"
},
"expansion": "Old English swerian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sverja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sverja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swaran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną, whence also Old Saxon swerian, Old English swerian, Old Norse sverja, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swaran). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swer-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "swerien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "swerren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verbs"
},
"expansion": "sweren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to swear"
],
"id": "en-sweren-goh-verb-sDDo~Bho",
"links": [
[
"swear",
"swear"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sweren"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "swërēn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "swërēn"
},
"expansion": "swërēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 1 2 15 4 4 6 4 5 9 4 6 3 3 2 5 1 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 1 1 16 2 1 2 1 1 9 1 7 1 1 2 22 1 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "swëran"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present subjunctive of swëran"
],
"id": "en-sweren-goh-verb-vvDIMqA~",
"links": [
[
"swëran",
"sweran#Old_High_German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "sweren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German non-lemma forms",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *swer- (swear)",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German verb forms",
"Old High German verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "swern"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: swern\nAlemannic German: schwere\nGerman: schwören\nLuxembourgish: schwieren",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: swern\nAlemannic German: schwere\nGerman: schwören\nLuxembourgish: schwieren"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-",
"id": "swear"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*swarjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *swarjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*swarjaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swarjaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "swerian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon swerian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "swerian"
},
"expansion": "Old English swerian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sverja"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sverja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swaran)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swer-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swer-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *swarjan, from Proto-Germanic *swarjaną, whence also Old Saxon swerian, Old English swerian, Old Norse sverja, Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽 (swaran). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swer-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "swerien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "swerren",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verbs"
},
"expansion": "sweren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to swear"
],
"links": [
[
"swear",
"swear"
]
]
}
],
"word": "sweren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German non-lemma forms",
"Old High German verb forms",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "swërēn",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "swërēn"
},
"expansion": "swërēn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "swëran"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present subjunctive of swëran"
],
"links": [
[
"swëran",
"sweran#Old_High_German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "sweren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sweren meaning in Old High German (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old High German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.