See chastier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "frm", "2": "chastier", "3": "chastoyer" }, "expansion": "Middle French: chastier, chastoyer", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle French: chastier, chastoyer" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "châtier" }, "expansion": "French: châtier", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "French: châtier" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "axm", "2": "ջաստել", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: ջաստել (ǰastel)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Middle Armenian: ջաստել (ǰastel)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "chastien", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: chastien", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: chastien" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "chasten" }, "expansion": "English: chasten", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "English: chasten" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "la", "3": "castīgō", "4": "castīgō, castīgāre" }, "expansion": "Latin castīgō, castīgāre", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin castīgō, castīgāre.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fro-conj-er", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "chastier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "avoir chastïé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "en chastiant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund" ] }, { "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "chastiant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "chastïé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "chasti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiot", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiiiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastiiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastiiiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïevent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "preterite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastias", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastia", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiames", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "preterite" ] }, { "form": "chastiastes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeras", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïera", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeront", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïereie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïereies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect", "present" ] }, { "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "anterior", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "past" ] }, { "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "chasti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastis", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiasse", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiasses", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiissons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissoiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiassent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "past", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "pluperfect", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "chastier", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "fro-conj-er" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 3 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "to punish" ], "id": "en-chastier-fro-verb-G3PyFaL2", "links": [ [ "punish", "punish" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "chastoiier" }, { "word": "castier" } ] } ], "word": "chastier" }
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "frm", "2": "chastier", "3": "chastoyer" }, "expansion": "Middle French: chastier, chastoyer", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle French: chastier, chastoyer" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fr", "2": "châtier" }, "expansion": "French: châtier", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "French: châtier" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "axm", "2": "ջաստել", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: ջաստել (ǰastel)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Middle Armenian: ջաստել (ǰastel)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "chastien", "bor": "1" }, "expansion": "→ Middle English: chastien", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "→ Middle English: chastien" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "chasten" }, "expansion": "English: chasten", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "English: chasten" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "la", "3": "castīgō", "4": "castīgō, castīgāre" }, "expansion": "Latin castīgō, castīgāre", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin castīgō, castīgāre.", "forms": [ { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "fro-conj-er", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "chastier", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive" ] }, { "form": "avoir chastïé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "infinitive", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "en chastiant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund" ] }, { "form": "gerund of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "gerund", "multiword-construction" ] }, { "form": "chastiant", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "present" ] }, { "form": "chastïé", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "participle", "past" ] }, { "form": "chasti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "present", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "present" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "present", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeves", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastioit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiot", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeve", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiiiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastiiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastiiiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastioent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïevent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "preterite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastias", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastia", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "preterite", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiames", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "indicative", "plural", "preterite" ] }, { "form": "chastiastes", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "plural", "preterite", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerai", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeras", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïera", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "future", "indicative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïerez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeront", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïereie", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïereies", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "singular", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "first-person", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeriez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "second-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïeroient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastïereient", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "plural", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect", "present" ] }, { "form": "imperfect tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "indicative", "multiword-construction", "pluperfect" ] }, { "form": "preterite tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "anterior", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "past" ] }, { "form": "future tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "future", "indicative", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "conditional tense of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "conditional", "multiword-construction", "perfect" ] }, { "form": "chasti", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "present", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastis", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastit", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "present", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "plural", "present", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "plural", "present", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiasse", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiasses", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "second-person", "singular", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiast", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "singular", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "chastiissons", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissiens", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissoiz", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiissiez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "second-person", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastiassent", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperfect", "plural", "subjunctive", "third-person" ] }, { "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "past", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "multiword-construction", "pluperfect", "subjunctive" ] }, { "form": "chastïe", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "second-person", "singular" ] }, { "form": "chastions", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "first-person", "imperative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "chastïez", "source": "conjugation", "tags": [ "imperative", "plural", "second-person" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "fro", "2": "verb" }, "expansion": "chastier", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "fro-conj-er" } ], "lang": "Old French", "lang_code": "fro", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old French entries with incorrect language header", "Old French first group verbs", "Old French lemmas", "Old French terms derived from Latin", "Old French terms inherited from Latin", "Old French verbs", "Old French verbs ending in -er", "Old French verbs with weak-a preterite", "Pages with 3 entries", "Pages with entries" ], "glosses": [ "to punish" ], "links": [ [ "punish", "punish" ] ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "chastoiier" }, { "word": "castier" } ], "word": "chastier" }
Download raw JSONL data for chastier meaning in Old French (11.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (f889f65 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.