"wyrd" meaning in Old English

See wyrd in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /wyrd/, [wyrˠd]
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *wurdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-, a verbal abstract from the root *wert- (“to turn”) (whence Latin vertere), related to the Old English verb weorþan (“to grow into, become”) (compare Dutch worden, German werden). Cognate with Old Saxon wurd, Old High German wurt, Old Norse urðr (“fate”) (Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”)). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*wurdiz}} Proto-Germanic *wurdiz, {{inh|ang|ine-pro|*wr̥ti-}} Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-, {{cog|la|vertere}} Latin vertere, {{cog|nl|worden}} Dutch worden, {{cog|de|werden}} German werden, {{cog|osx|wurd}} Old Saxon wurd, {{cog|goh|wurt}} Old High German wurt, {{cog|non|urðr||fate}} Old Norse urðr (“fate”), {{cog|non|Urðr||one of 3 norns}} Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”) Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=f|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} wyrd f, {{ang-noun|f}} wyrd f Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-i-f|wyrd}}, {{ang-decl-noun|wyrd|wyrde,wyrda|wyrd,wyrde|wyrde,wyrda|wyrde|wyrda|wyrde|wyrdum|num=|title=|type=strong i-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], wyrd [nominative, singular], wyrde [nominative, plural], wyrda [nominative, plural], wyrd [accusative, singular], wyrde [accusative, singular], wyrde [accusative, plural], wyrda [accusative, plural], wyrde [genitive, singular], wyrda [genitive, plural], wyrde [dative, singular], wyrdum [dative, plural]
  1. fate, destiny Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-wyrd-ang-noun-M3SW~3gm
  2. (in the plural) the Fates Tags: feminine, in-plural
    Sense id: en-wyrd-ang-noun-D~yegNUQ
  3. event, occurrence Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-wyrd-ang-noun-EuuHK-NH
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ġifeþe, ġesceaft, *werd [Kentish], weord Related terms: Wyrd

Inflected forms

Download JSONL data for wyrd meaning in Old English (5.5kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "werde"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: werde, weerde, weird, werd, werede, werid, wierde, wired, wird, wirde, wired, wirid, word, wyerde, wyrde\nEnglish: werd, weard (obsolete)\nMiddle Scots: weird, werd\nScots: weird\n→ English: weird",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: werde, weerde, weird, werd, werede, werid, wierde, wired, wird, wirde, wired, wirid, word, wyerde, wyrde\nEnglish: werd, weard (obsolete)\nMiddle Scots: weird, werd\nScots: weird\n→ English: weird"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "wyrd",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: wyrd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: wyrd"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*wurdiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurdiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wr̥ti-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vertere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vertere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "worden"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch worden",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "werden"
      },
      "expansion": "German werden",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "wurd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon wurd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wurt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "urðr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fate"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse urðr (“fate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Urðr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "one of 3 norns"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wurdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-, a verbal abstract from the root *wert- (“to turn”) (whence Latin vertere), related to the Old English verb weorþan (“to grow into, become”) (compare Dutch worden, German werden). Cognate with Old Saxon wurd, Old High German wurt, Old Norse urðr (“fate”) (Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "wyrd f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "wyrd f",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wyrd"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wyrd",
        "2": "wyrde,wyrda",
        "3": "wyrd,wyrde",
        "4": "wyrde,wyrda",
        "5": "wyrde",
        "6": "wyrda",
        "7": "wyrde",
        "8": "wyrdum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Wyrd"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Fate always goes as it must.",
          "roman": "Gǣþ ā wyrd swā hēo sċeal.",
          "text": "Beowulf, line 455",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "You don't create your own fate, it creates you.",
          "text": "Ne wyrcþ man his āgene wyrd, ac hēo hine.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Fate controls this world, but blindly and without purpose.",
          "text": "Wyrd wielt þisse weorolde, ac blindlīċe and būtan andġiete.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fate, destiny"
      ],
      "id": "en-wyrd-ang-noun-M3SW~3gm",
      "links": [
        [
          "fate",
          "fate"
        ],
        [
          "destiny",
          "destiny"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the Fates"
      ],
      "id": "en-wyrd-ang-noun-D~yegNUQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "Fates",
          "Fates"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) the Fates"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Nor needs any man expect that event, that the vile flesh the mind of any man, Altogether to it should ever turn; but the vices of every mind, and the thought of every man, leads the body Whither it will.",
          "roman": "Ne þearf lēoda nān wēnan þǣre wyrde, þæt weriġe flǣsc þæt mōd monna ǣniġes, eallunga tō him æfter mæġ onwendan; ac þā unþēawas ǣlces mōdes, and þ inġeþonc ǣlces monnes þone līchoman līt þider hit wille.",
          "text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 226-238",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "event, occurrence"
      ],
      "id": "en-wyrd-ang-noun-EuuHK-NH",
      "links": [
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ],
        [
          "occurrence",
          "occurrence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/wyrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[wyrˠd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ġifeþe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ġesceaft"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Kentish"
      ],
      "word": "*werd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "weord"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wyrd"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English feminine nouns",
    "Old English i-stem nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "werde"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: werde, weerde, weird, werd, werede, werid, wierde, wired, wird, wirde, wired, wirid, word, wyerde, wyrde\nEnglish: werd, weard (obsolete)\nMiddle Scots: weird, werd\nScots: weird\n→ English: weird",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: werde, weerde, weird, werd, werede, werid, wierde, wired, wird, wirde, wired, wirid, word, wyerde, wyrde\nEnglish: werd, weard (obsolete)\nMiddle Scots: weird, werd\nScots: weird\n→ English: weird"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "wyrd",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: wyrd",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: wyrd"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*wurdiz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wurdiz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*wr̥ti-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "vertere"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin vertere",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "worden"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch worden",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "werden"
      },
      "expansion": "German werden",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "wurd"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon wurd",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wurt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wurt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "urðr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "fate"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse urðr (“fate”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "Urðr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "one of 3 norns"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *wurdiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ti-, a verbal abstract from the root *wert- (“to turn”) (whence Latin vertere), related to the Old English verb weorþan (“to grow into, become”) (compare Dutch worden, German werden). Cognate with Old Saxon wurd, Old High German wurt, Old Norse urðr (“fate”) (Old Norse Urðr (“one of 3 norns”)).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-i-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrd",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wyrdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "f",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "wyrd f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "wyrd f",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wyrd"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-i-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wyrd",
        "2": "wyrde,wyrda",
        "3": "wyrd,wyrde",
        "4": "wyrde,wyrda",
        "5": "wyrde",
        "6": "wyrda",
        "7": "wyrde",
        "8": "wyrdum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong i-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Wyrd"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Fate always goes as it must.",
          "roman": "Gǣþ ā wyrd swā hēo sċeal.",
          "text": "Beowulf, line 455",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "You don't create your own fate, it creates you.",
          "text": "Ne wyrcþ man his āgene wyrd, ac hēo hine.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Fate controls this world, but blindly and without purpose.",
          "text": "Wyrd wielt þisse weorolde, ac blindlīċe and būtan andġiete.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fate, destiny"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fate",
          "fate"
        ],
        [
          "destiny",
          "destiny"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the Fates"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Fates",
          "Fates"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in the plural) the Fates"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Nor needs any man expect that event, that the vile flesh the mind of any man, Altogether to it should ever turn; but the vices of every mind, and the thought of every man, leads the body Whither it will.",
          "roman": "Ne þearf lēoda nān wēnan þǣre wyrde, þæt weriġe flǣsc þæt mōd monna ǣniġes, eallunga tō him æfter mæġ onwendan; ac þā unþēawas ǣlces mōdes, and þ inġeþonc ǣlces monnes þone līchoman līt þider hit wille.",
          "text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' Metres of Boethius, lines 226-238",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "event, occurrence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "event",
          "event"
        ],
        [
          "occurrence",
          "occurrence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/wyrd/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[wyrˠd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ġifeþe"
    },
    {
      "word": "ġesceaft"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Kentish"
      ],
      "word": "*werd"
    },
    {
      "word": "weord"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wyrd"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.