"under-" meaning in Old English

See under- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Prefix

IPA: /ˈun.der/, /ˌun.der/
Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”), akin to Old English under (“under, beneath”), Old High German untar (“between, among”), Latin inter (“between, among”). More at inter-. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*under}} Proto-Germanic *under, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*nter-||between, among}} Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”), {{cog|ang|under||under, beneath}} Old English under (“under, beneath”), {{cog|goh|untar||between, among}} Old High German untar (“between, among”), {{cog|la|inter||between, among}} Latin inter (“between, among”) Head templates: {{head|ang|prefix|head=|sort=}} under-, {{ang-prefix}} under-
  1. between, among Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-under--ang-prefix-29HWkNKf
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Prefix

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”), akin to Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”), Old High German untar (“under”), Latin infra (“below, beneath”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*under}} Proto-Germanic *under, {{der|ang|ine-pro|*ndhero-||lower}} Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”), {{cog|ang|under||between, among, in the presence of}} Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”), {{cog|goh|untar||under}} Old High German untar (“under”), {{cog|la|infra||below, beneath}} Latin infra (“below, beneath”) Head templates: {{head|ang|prefix|head=|sort=}} under-, {{ang-prefix}} under-
  1. beneath Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-under--ang-prefix-LzymHH6O
  2. subordinate to Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-under--ang-prefix-iaOhfeNf Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 7 0 93
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for under- meaning in Old English (3.5kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*nter-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "",
        "4": "under, beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English under (“under, beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untar (“between, among”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inter",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inter (“between, among”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”), akin to Old English under (“under, beneath”), Old High German untar (“between, among”), Latin inter (“between, among”). More at inter-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "ang-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to understand (originally 'to stand between', 'be near to both sides')",
          "text": "understandan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to intercept",
          "text": "underscēotan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "between, among"
      ],
      "id": "en-under--ang-prefix-29HWkNKf",
      "links": [
        [
          "between",
          "between"
        ],
        [
          "among",
          "among"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈun.der/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌun.der/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "under-"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ndhero-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "lower"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among, in the presence of"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "under"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untar (“under”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "infra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below, beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin infra (“below, beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”), akin to Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”), Old High German untar (“under”), Latin infra (“below, beneath”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "ang-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beneath"
      ],
      "id": "en-under--ang-prefix-LzymHH6O",
      "links": [
        [
          "beneath",
          "beneath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 0 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "underling, subordinate",
          "text": "underling",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "subordinate to"
      ],
      "id": "en-under--ang-prefix-iaOhfeNf",
      "links": [
        [
          "subordinate",
          "subordinate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "under-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English prefixes",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*nter-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "",
        "4": "under, beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English under (“under, beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untar (“between, among”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "inter",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin inter (“between, among”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *nter- (“between, among”), akin to Old English under (“under, beneath”), Old High German untar (“between, among”), Latin inter (“between, among”). More at inter-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "ang-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to understand (originally 'to stand between', 'be near to both sides')",
          "text": "understandan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to intercept",
          "text": "underscēotan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "between, among"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "between",
          "between"
        ],
        [
          "among",
          "among"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈun.der/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌun.der/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "under-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English prefixes",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ndhero-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "lower"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "under",
        "3": "",
        "4": "between, among, in the presence of"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "untar",
        "3": "",
        "4": "under"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German untar (“under”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "infra",
        "3": "",
        "4": "below, beneath"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin infra (“below, beneath”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *under, from Proto-Indo-European *ndhero- (“lower”), akin to Old English under (“between, among, in the presence of”), Old High German untar (“under”), Latin infra (“below, beneath”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "prefix",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "under-",
      "name": "ang-prefix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "beneath"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "beneath",
          "beneath"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "underling, subordinate",
          "text": "underling",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "subordinate to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "subordinate",
          "subordinate"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "under-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.