See tun in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "a given name",
"word": "Tūnwald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tȳnan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wyrttūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Benson",
"word": "Benesingtūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Boddington",
"word": "Buttingtūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Compton",
"word": "Cumbtūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Kingston",
"word": "Cynges tūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Hampshire",
"word": "Hāmtūnsċīr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"London"
],
"word": "Lundentūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Merton",
"word": "Merantūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Northampton",
"word": "Norþhāmtūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Southampton",
"word": "Sūþhāmtūn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Wilton",
"word": "Wiltūn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: toun, town, towne, tun, tune\nEnglish: town, tahn, tawn (Bermuda), toon (Geordie), toune, towne (obsolete)\n→ Chichewa: tawuni\n→ Jersey Dutch: tāun\n→ Pennsylvania German: Taun\n→ Japanese: タウン (taun)\nGeordie English: toon\nScots: toun, tone, toon, town\nYola: teoune, teoun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: toun, town, towne, tun, tune\nEnglish: town, tahn, tawn (Bermuda), toon (Geordie), toune, towne (obsolete)\n→ Chichewa: tawuni\n→ Jersey Dutch: tāun\n→ Pennsylvania German: Taun\n→ Japanese: タウン (taun)\nGeordie English: toon\nScots: toun, tone, toon, town\nYola: teoune, teoun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "cel-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tūn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tūn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tūną",
"4": "",
"5": "enclosure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tūną (“enclosure”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *tūn, from Proto-Germanic *tūną (“enclosure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tūn",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tūn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "tūn",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tūn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "tūn"
},
"expansion": "tūn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tūn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tūn",
"2": "tūnas",
"3": "tūn",
"4": "tūnas",
"5": "tūnes",
"6": "tūna",
"7": "tūne",
"8": "tūnum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hill, mountain",
"word": "dūn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an enclosed piece of ground, an enclosure or garden"
],
"id": "en-tun-ang-noun-SYWlrS~5",
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"garden",
"garden"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the enclosed ground belonging to an individual dwelling"
],
"id": "en-tun-ang-noun-4Y7PSmXC"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 26 43 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the group of houses on an area of enclosed land, a homestead"
],
"id": "en-tun-ang-noun-wkxVDOii",
"links": [
[
"homestead",
"homestead"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Year 777 In this year Cynewulf and Offa fought near Benson and Offa seized the town.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXVII Hēr Cynewulf ⁊ Offa ġefuhton ymb Benesingtūn ⁊ Offa ġenam þone tūn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a village or town"
],
"id": "en-tun-ang-noun-01THgBK5",
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuːn/"
}
],
"word": "tun"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 30 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a given name",
"word": "Tūnwald"
},
{
"word": "tȳnan"
},
{
"word": "wyrttūn"
},
{
"english": "Benson",
"word": "Benesingtūn"
},
{
"english": "Boddington",
"word": "Buttingtūn"
},
{
"english": "Compton",
"word": "Cumbtūn"
},
{
"english": "Kingston",
"word": "Cynges tūn"
},
{
"english": "Hampshire",
"word": "Hāmtūnsċīr"
},
{
"tags": [
"London"
],
"word": "Lundentūn"
},
{
"english": "Merton",
"word": "Merantūn"
},
{
"english": "Northampton",
"word": "Norþhāmtūn"
},
{
"english": "Southampton",
"word": "Sūþhāmtūn"
},
{
"english": "Wilton",
"word": "Wiltūn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: toun, town, towne, tun, tune\nEnglish: town, tahn, tawn (Bermuda), toon (Geordie), toune, towne (obsolete)\n→ Chichewa: tawuni\n→ Jersey Dutch: tāun\n→ Pennsylvania German: Taun\n→ Japanese: タウン (taun)\nGeordie English: toon\nScots: toun, tone, toon, town\nYola: teoune, teoun",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: toun, town, towne, tun, tune\nEnglish: town, tahn, tawn (Bermuda), toon (Geordie), toune, towne (obsolete)\n→ Chichewa: tawuni\n→ Jersey Dutch: tāun\n→ Pennsylvania German: Taun\n→ Japanese: タウン (taun)\nGeordie English: toon\nScots: toun, tone, toon, town\nYola: teoune, teoun"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "cel-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tūn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tūn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tūną",
"4": "",
"5": "enclosure"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tūną (“enclosure”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *tūn, from Proto-Germanic *tūną (“enclosure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tūn",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "tūn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tūne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tūnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "tūn",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tūn m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "tūn"
},
"expansion": "tūn m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tūn"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tūn",
"2": "tūnas",
"3": "tūn",
"4": "tūnas",
"5": "tūnes",
"6": "tūna",
"7": "tūne",
"8": "tūnum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "hill, mountain",
"word": "dūn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"an enclosed piece of ground, an enclosure or garden"
],
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"garden",
"garden"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the enclosed ground belonging to an individual dwelling"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the group of houses on an area of enclosed land, a homestead"
],
"links": [
[
"homestead",
"homestead"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Year 777 In this year Cynewulf and Offa fought near Benson and Offa seized the town.",
"text": "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\nAn. DCCLXXVII Hēr Cynewulf ⁊ Offa ġefuhton ymb Benesingtūn ⁊ Offa ġenam þone tūn.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a village or town"
],
"links": [
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"town",
"town"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tuːn/"
}
],
"word": "tun"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tun meaning in Old English (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.