See sunu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sone",
"3": "sune"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: sone, sune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: sone, sune"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "English: son",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: son"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "Scots: son",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: son"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gmw-pro>*sunu>son",
"id": "son"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sunu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sunu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*suHnús"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *suHnús",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zoon"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zoon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sohn"
},
"expansion": "German Sohn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sonr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sonr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "Swedish son",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सूनु"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sūnus"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sūnus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*synъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *synъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "сꙑнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сын"
},
"expansion": "Russian сын (syn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "υἱύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suth",
"t": "birth, fruit"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.\nGermanic cognates include Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Dutch zoon, Old High German sunu (German Sohn), Old Norse sonr (Swedish son), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu), Lithuanian sūnus, Proto-Slavic *synъ (Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), Russian сын (syn)); and more distantly of Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús), Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-u-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "suna",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sunu m (nominative plural suna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "suna"
},
"expansion": "sunu m (nominative plural suna)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sun",
"short": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-u-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sunu",
"2": "suna",
"3": "sunu",
"4": "suna",
"5": "suna",
"6": "suna",
"7": "suna",
"8": "sunum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong u-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Male family members",
"orig": "ang:Male family members",
"parents": [
"Family members",
"Male people",
"Family",
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 9 11 15 11 11 7 17 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 9 11 15 11 11 7 16 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Lēofsunu"
},
{
"word": "sunsunu"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"Saint George, Martyr\"\nNāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son, male child"
],
"id": "en-sunu-ang-noun-fr~CqCIy",
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.nu/"
}
],
"word": "sunu"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Lēofsunu"
},
{
"word": "sunsunu"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "sone",
"3": "sune"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: sone, sune",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: sone, sune"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "English: son",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: son"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "Scots: son",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: son"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "inh",
"3": "gmw-pro>*sunu>son",
"id": "son"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sunu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sunu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sunuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sunuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*suHnús"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *suHnús",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zoon"
},
"expansion": "Dutch zoon",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "sunu"
},
"expansion": "Old High German sunu",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Sohn"
},
"expansion": "German Sohn",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sonr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sonr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "son"
},
"expansion": "Swedish son",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सूनु"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "sūnus"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian sūnus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*synъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *synъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "сꙑнъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "сын"
},
"expansion": "Russian сын (syn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "υἱύς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "suth",
"t": "birth, fruit"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.\nGermanic cognates include Old Frisian sunu, Old Saxon sunu, Dutch zoon, Old High German sunu (German Sohn), Old Norse sonr (Swedish son), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿𐍃 (sunus). The Indo-European root is also the source of Sanskrit सूनु (sūnu), Lithuanian sūnus, Proto-Slavic *synъ (Old Church Slavonic сꙑнъ (synŭ), Russian сын (syn)); and more distantly of Ancient Greek υἱύς (huiús), Old Irish suth (“birth, fruit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "suna",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-u-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sunu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "suna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "nominative plural",
"4": "suna",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "sunu m (nominative plural suna)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "suna"
},
"expansion": "sunu m (nominative plural suna)",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sun",
"short": "1"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-u-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sunu",
"2": "suna",
"3": "sunu",
"4": "suna",
"5": "suna",
"6": "suna",
"7": "suna",
"8": "sunum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong u-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English u-stem nouns",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Male family members"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Knowest thou not, O George, that our gods are striving with thee, and even yet they are patient, that they may pity thee; now I exhort thee, as a beloved son, that thou altogether quit the Christians' doctrine, and quickly incline to my counsel, so that thou sacrifice to the venerable Apollo, and thou mayest so obtain great honour.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, \"Saint George, Martyr\"\nNāst þū lā Geori þæt ūre godas swincað mid þē and ġit hī synd ġeþyldiġe þæt hī þe miltsion. Nū lǣre ic ðē swā swā lēofne sunu þæt ðū þæra cristenra lāre forlǣte mid ealle and tō mīnum rǣde hraðe ġebūge swā þæt ðū offriġe þām ārwurðan Appoline and þū mycelne wurðmynt miht swā beġitan.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"son, male child"
],
"links": [
[
"son",
"son"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsu.nu/"
}
],
"word": "sunu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sunu meaning in Old English (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.