See read in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "red", "id": "red" }, "expansion": "Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd\nEnglish: red\nScots: rede, reid\nYola: reed", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd\nEnglish: red\nScots: rede, reid\nYola: reed" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*raud" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raud", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*raudaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudaz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rowdʰós" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "rād" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian rād", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "West Frisian read", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "rōd" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rōd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nds", "2": "root" }, "expansion": "Low German root", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "rood" }, "expansion": "Dutch rood", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "rōt" }, "expansion": "Old High German rōt", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "rot" }, "expansion": "German rot", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "rauðr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse rauðr", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "rød" }, "expansion": "Danish rød", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "röd" }, "expansion": "Swedish röd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "rauður" }, "expansion": "Icelandic rauður", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ἐρυθρός" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ruber" }, "expansion": "Latin ruber", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "raũdas" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian raũdas", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "рудо́й" }, "expansion": "Russian рудо́й (rudój)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-.\nGermanic cognates: Old Frisian rād (West Frisian read), Old Saxon rōd (Low German root, rod), Dutch rood, Old High German rōt (German rot), Old Norse rauðr (Danish rød, Swedish röd, Icelandic rauður), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs).\nIndo-European cognates: Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Latin ruber, Old Irish rúad, Lithuanian raũdas, Russian рудо́й (rudój).", "forms": [ { "form": "rēad", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "strong", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ang-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēades", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēades", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "weak", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ang-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rēad" }, "expansion": "rēad", "name": "ang-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rēad" }, "name": "ang-adecl" } ], "lang": "Old English", "lang_code": "ang", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 5 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "ang", "name": "Reds", "orig": "ang:Reds", "parents": [ "Colors", "Light", "Vision", "Energy", "Senses", "Nature", "Perception", "All topics", "Body", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "rēadnes" } ], "glosses": [ "red" ], "id": "en-read-ang-adj-sfUaUR8d", "links": [ [ "red", "red" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "hwīt" }, { "word": "grǣġ" }, { "word": "blæc" }, { "word": "sweart" }, { "word": "rēad" }, { "word": "basu" }, { "word": "ġeolurēad" }, { "word": "brūn" }, { "word": "ġeolu" }, { "word": "grēne" }, { "word": "blāw" }, { "word": "purpuren" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ræ͜ɑːd/" } ], "word": "read" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "rēadnes" } ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "red", "id": "red" }, "expansion": "Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd\nEnglish: red\nScots: rede, reid\nYola: reed", "name": "desctree" } ], "text": "Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd\nEnglish: red\nScots: rede, reid\nYola: reed" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rewdʰ-" }, "expansion": "", "name": "root" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*raud" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raud", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*raudaz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudaz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*h₁rowdʰós" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "rād" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian rād", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "read" }, "expansion": "West Frisian read", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "rōd" }, "expansion": "Old Saxon rōd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nds", "2": "root" }, "expansion": "Low German root", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "rood" }, "expansion": "Dutch rood", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "goh", "2": "rōt" }, "expansion": "Old High German rōt", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "rot" }, "expansion": "German rot", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "non", "2": "rauðr" }, "expansion": "Old Norse rauðr", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "da", "2": "rød" }, "expansion": "Danish rød", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "röd" }, "expansion": "Swedish röd", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "rauður" }, "expansion": "Icelandic rauður", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "got", "2": "𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃" }, "expansion": "Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ἐρυθρός" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "la", "2": "ruber" }, "expansion": "Latin ruber", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sga", "2": "rúad" }, "expansion": "Old Irish rúad", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "lt", "2": "raũdas" }, "expansion": "Lithuanian raũdas", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ru", "2": "рудо́й" }, "expansion": "Russian рудо́й (rudój)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-.\nGermanic cognates: Old Frisian rād (West Frisian read), Old Saxon rōd (Low German root, rod), Dutch rood, Old High German rōt (German rot), Old Norse rauðr (Danish rød, Swedish röd, Icelandic rauður), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs).\nIndo-European cognates: Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Latin ruber, Old Irish rúad, Lithuanian raũdas, Russian рудо́й (rudój).", "forms": [ { "form": "rēad", "tags": [ "canonical" ] }, { "form": "strong", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ang-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadne", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēades", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēades", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadre", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēad", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "weak", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ang-adecl", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "rēada", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēade", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "masculine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "neuter", "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadan", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadra", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadena", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "feminine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "feminine", "instrumental", "plural" ] }, { "form": "rēadum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rēad" }, "expansion": "rēad", "name": "ang-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rēad" }, "name": "ang-adecl" } ], "lang": "Old English", "lang_code": "ang", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "hwīt" }, { "word": "grǣġ" }, { "word": "blæc" }, { "word": "sweart" }, { "word": "rēad" }, { "word": "basu" }, { "word": "ġeolurēad" }, { "word": "brūn" }, { "word": "ġeolu" }, { "word": "grēne" }, { "word": "blāw" }, { "word": "purpuren" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old English adjectives", "Old English entries with incorrect language header", "Old English lemmas", "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁rewdʰ-", "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European", "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries", "ang:Reds" ], "glosses": [ "red" ], "links": [ [ "red", "red" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ræ͜ɑːd/" } ], "word": "read" }
Download raw JSONL data for read meaning in Old English (10.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.