See læwede in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewede",
"3": "lewed",
"4": "lewd",
"5": "lewid",
"6": "lewde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: lewede, lewed, lewd, lewid, lewde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: lewede, lewed, lewd, lewid, lewde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "English: lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lewd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "lawit",
"3": "lewit",
"4": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "+ -ede",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but likely from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + -ede, although the phonetic development is a difficulty.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), fitting a scenario where the word was influenced in meaning by similar sounding Latin laicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "lǣwede",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǣwede"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ede",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lay; non-clerical"
],
"id": "en-læwede-ang-adj-JPjjMatx",
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"clerical",
"clerical"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlæː.we.de/"
}
],
"word": "læwede"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewede",
"3": "lewed",
"4": "lewd",
"5": "lewid",
"6": "lewde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: lewede, lewed, lewd, lewid, lewde",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: lewede, lewed, lewd, lewid, lewde"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "English: lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lewd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-msc",
"2": "lawit",
"3": "lewit",
"4": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Scots: lawit, lewit, lewd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "+ -ede",
"name": "suf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but likely from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + -ede, although the phonetic development is a difficulty.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), fitting a scenario where the word was influenced in meaning by similar sounding Latin laicus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedre",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣweda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwede",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lǣwedum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "lǣwede",
"name": "ang-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lǣwede"
},
"name": "ang-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English adjectives",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old English terms suffixed with -ede",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"lay; non-clerical"
],
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"clerical",
"clerical"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlæː.we.de/"
}
],
"word": "læwede"
}
Download raw JSONL data for læwede meaning in Old English (9.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.