See hwæt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "something",
"word": "hwæthwugu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "whatever",
"word": "swā hwæt swā"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "what"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hwat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German waz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "quod"
},
"expansion": "Latin quod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cad"
},
"expansion": "Irish cad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.\nCognates include Old Frisian hwet, Old Saxon hwat, Old Dutch wat, Old High German waz, Old Norse hvat. The Indo-European root also led to Latin quod, Lithuanian kàd, and Irish cad.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-hwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hwā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwǣm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwǣm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "hwæt",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-hwa"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are the three things no one can live without?",
"text": "The Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn\nHwæt sind þā þrēo þing þe nān mann būtan libban ne mæġ?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Active verbs express what people do.",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nDǣdlīcu word ġeswitoliaþ hwæt menn dōþ.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "What can we use to buy bread for these people?",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “Midlent Sunday”\nMid hwon magon wē byċġan hlāf þissum folce?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "What are you waiting for?",
"text": "c. 996, Ælfric, Lives of Saints\nHwæs ābītst þū?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Everyone’s fleeing that city. What do you want to go there for?",
"text": "The Legend of St. Andrew\nEalle menn flēoþ of þǣre ċeastre. Tō hwon willaþ ġē þæder faran?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-dJqywNBs",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 11 41 35 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 20 27 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 0 39 17 18 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 56 12 13 0 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why are you groaning at me?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy\nHwæt seofast þū wiþ mē?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "His disciples were amazed that he was talking to a woman, though none of them said “What are you looking for?” or “Why are you talking to her?”",
"roman": "His leornungcneohtas wundrodon þæt hē wiþ wīf spræc, þēah heora nān ne cwæþ “Hwæt sēcst þū?” oþþe “Hwæt spricst þū wiþ hīe?”",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 4:27",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"why"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-K-I8WF8V",
"links": [
[
"why",
"why"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 11 41 35 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 20 27 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The businessmen looked at him very closely and tried to figure out what kind of person he might be.",
"text": "c. 996, Ælfric's Lives of Saints\nÞā behēoldon swīðe ġeorne þā ċeapmenn hine, and be him on ġeþance smēadon hwæt manna hē bēon sċolde.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what kind (+genitive)"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-eXGsrkh-",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 11 41 35 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 20 27 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Judas immediately went to the Jewish council and openly asked how much money they would give him for betraying Jesus.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “Palm Sunday: On the Lord’s Passion”\nIūdās sōna ēode tō þāra Iudēisċena rǣde and openlīċe befræġn hwæt hīe him fēos ġeūðen ġif hē þone Hǣlend him belǣwan meahte.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "You could tell by the rings how much of the Roman nobility had fallen, because the custom back then was that no one could wear a gold ring unless they were from a noble family.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nBe þām hringum man meahte witan hwæt Rōmāna duguþe ġefeallen wæs, for þon þe hit wæs þēaw mid him on þām dagum þæt nān ōðer ne mōste gyldenne hring werian būtan hē æðeles cynnes wǣre.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Do the Romans know any more how many of their people perished in Spain within a few years?",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans\nHwæðer Rōmāne hit witon nū ǣnegum menn tō seċġenne hwæt heora folces on Ispāniam on fēawum ġēarum forwurde?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Tell me how many species of fish there are.",
"text": "The Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn\nSæġe mē hwæt fisċcynna sīe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how many or how much (+genitive)"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-bD-~5jo3",
"links": [
[
"how many",
"how many"
],
[
"how much",
"how much"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The lion brings hungry cubs something to eat.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans\nSēo lēo bringþ hungrigum hwelpum hwæt tō etenne.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If you divide something into fours, one part is called a quadrans (Latin for ‘one fourth’), and the other three are called dodrantes (Latin for ‘three fourths’).",
"text": "c. 1011, Byrhtferth's Manual\nĠif þū tōdǣlst hwæt on fēower, sē fēorða dǣl biþ quadrans ġeċīeġed, and þā ōðre dōdrantēs bēoþ ġenemnede.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If uneducated priests understand any little thing from the Latin texts, they immediately think they can be famous scholars.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, “Preface to Genesis”\nÞā unġelǣredan prēostas, ġif hīe hwæt lȳtles understandaþ of þām Lǣdenbōcum, þonne þyncþ him sōna þæt hīe mæġen mǣre lārēowas bēon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything, something"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-jZWGNWTY",
"links": [
[
"anything",
"anything"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 0 11 41 35 0 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 20 27 26 4 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then Isaac said, “Who are you?” He answered and said, “I'm Esau.”",
"roman": "Þā cwæþ Isaāc, “Hwæt eart þū?” Hē andwyrde and cwæþ, “Iċ eom Ēsau.”",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 27:32",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "No one sitting there dared to ask him who he was. They knew it was the Lord.",
"roman": "Nān þāra þe þǣr sæt ne dorste hine āscian hwæt hē wǣre. Hīe wisson þæt hit wæs Dryhten.",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 21:12",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If I'd known who he was, I would have lain at his feet.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “The Second Sunday After Pentecost”\nĠif iċ wisse hwæt hē wǣre, iċ wolde liċġan æt his fōtum.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "The general asked them who they were, where they came from, and why they came there.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “The Passion of the Apostles Simon and Jude”\nSē ealdormann hīe befræġn hwæt hīe wǣren, oþþe hwanon hīe cōmen, oþþe hwȳ hīe þæder cōmen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then the Jews said, “Now we know you’re crazy. Abraham died, and so did the prophets, and you say, ‘If anyone keeps my word, they will never die.’ Are you saying you’re greater than our father Abraham, who died? And the prophets died! Who do you think you are?”",
"roman": "Þā cwǣdon þā Iūdēas, “Nū wē witon þæt þū eart wōd. Ābrahām wæs dēad, and þā wītegan, and þū cwist, ‘Ġif hwā mīn word ġehielt, ne biþ hē nǣfre dēad.’ Cwist þū þæt þū sīe mǣrra þonne ūre fæder Ābrahām, þe wæs dēad? And þā wītegan wǣron dēade! Hwæt þyncþ þē þæt þū sīe?”",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 8:52-53",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who (in questions and implied questions about who someone is)"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-pron-t8-8DoS5",
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xwæt/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʍæt]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huæd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huædd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huætd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huædt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwat"
}
],
"word": "hwæt"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hwat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German waz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "quod"
},
"expansion": "Latin quod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cad"
},
"expansion": "Irish cad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.\nCognates include Old Frisian hwet, Old Saxon hwat, Old Dutch wat, Old High German waz, Old Norse hvat. The Indo-European root also led to Latin quod, Lithuanian kàd, and Irish cad.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hwæt",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Indeed we know about the might of the great kings of the Spear Danes in the days of yore;",
"text": "Hwæt we Gardena in geardagum þeodcyninga þrym gefrunon;",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How you've grown!",
"text": "Hwæt þu hæfst geweaxen!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indeed, how"
],
"id": "en-hwæt-ang-adv-BAYQ5-Y0",
"links": [
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xwæt/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʍæt]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huæd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huædd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huætd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huædt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "whæt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hwat"
}
],
"word": "hwæt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adverbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English pronouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "something",
"word": "hwæthwugu"
},
{
"english": "whatever",
"word": "swā hwæt swā"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "what"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: what, whad, whote, watte, wath, wad, qhat, whæt, whæht, waht, waet, wæht, weht, hweat (Southern West Mid)\nEnglish: what\nScots: what, whate, whit, whut, wha', quhat, quat, fat, faht, phat, fit, fut, fout, at\nYola: faade, fhaade, faad, fade, f'ad"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hwat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German waz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "quod"
},
"expansion": "Latin quod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cad"
},
"expansion": "Irish cad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.\nCognates include Old Frisian hwet, Old Saxon hwat, Old Dutch wat, Old High German waz, Old Norse hvat. The Indo-European root also led to Latin quod, Lithuanian kàd, and Irish cad.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-hwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hwā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "hwone",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwæs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwǣm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwǣm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "hwȳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "hwon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "hwæt",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ang-decl-hwa"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are the three things no one can live without?",
"text": "The Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn\nHwæt sind þā þrēo þing þe nān mann būtan libban ne mæġ?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Active verbs express what people do.",
"text": "c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English\nDǣdlīcu word ġeswitoliaþ hwæt menn dōþ.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "What can we use to buy bread for these people?",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “Midlent Sunday”\nMid hwon magon wē byċġan hlāf þissum folce?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "What are you waiting for?",
"text": "c. 996, Ælfric, Lives of Saints\nHwæs ābītst þū?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Everyone’s fleeing that city. What do you want to go there for?",
"text": "The Legend of St. Andrew\nEalle menn flēoþ of þǣre ċeastre. Tō hwon willaþ ġē þæder faran?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Why are you groaning at me?",
"text": "late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy\nHwæt seofast þū wiþ mē?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "His disciples were amazed that he was talking to a woman, though none of them said “What are you looking for?” or “Why are you talking to her?”",
"roman": "His leornungcneohtas wundrodon þæt hē wiþ wīf spræc, þēah heora nān ne cwæþ “Hwæt sēcst þū?” oþþe “Hwæt spricst þū wiþ hīe?”",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 4:27",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"why"
],
"links": [
[
"why",
"why"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The businessmen looked at him very closely and tried to figure out what kind of person he might be.",
"text": "c. 996, Ælfric's Lives of Saints\nÞā behēoldon swīðe ġeorne þā ċeapmenn hine, and be him on ġeþance smēadon hwæt manna hē bēon sċolde.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what kind (+genitive)"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Judas immediately went to the Jewish council and openly asked how much money they would give him for betraying Jesus.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “Palm Sunday: On the Lord’s Passion”\nIūdās sōna ēode tō þāra Iudēisċena rǣde and openlīċe befræġn hwæt hīe him fēos ġeūðen ġif hē þone Hǣlend him belǣwan meahte.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "You could tell by the rings how much of the Roman nobility had fallen, because the custom back then was that no one could wear a gold ring unless they were from a noble family.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nBe þām hringum man meahte witan hwæt Rōmāna duguþe ġefeallen wæs, for þon þe hit wæs þēaw mid him on þām dagum þæt nān ōðer ne mōste gyldenne hring werian būtan hē æðeles cynnes wǣre.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Do the Romans know any more how many of their people perished in Spain within a few years?",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans\nHwæðer Rōmāne hit witon nū ǣnegum menn tō seċġenne hwæt heora folces on Ispāniam on fēawum ġēarum forwurde?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Tell me how many species of fish there are.",
"text": "The Dialogues of Solomon and Saturn\nSæġe mē hwæt fisċcynna sīe.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"how many or how much (+genitive)"
],
"links": [
[
"how many",
"how many"
],
[
"how much",
"how much"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The lion brings hungry cubs something to eat.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans\nSēo lēo bringþ hungrigum hwelpum hwæt tō etenne.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If you divide something into fours, one part is called a quadrans (Latin for ‘one fourth’), and the other three are called dodrantes (Latin for ‘three fourths’).",
"text": "c. 1011, Byrhtferth's Manual\nĠif þū tōdǣlst hwæt on fēower, sē fēorða dǣl biþ quadrans ġeċīeġed, and þā ōðre dōdrantēs bēoþ ġenemnede.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If uneducated priests understand any little thing from the Latin texts, they immediately think they can be famous scholars.",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, “Preface to Genesis”\nÞā unġelǣredan prēostas, ġif hīe hwæt lȳtles understandaþ of þām Lǣdenbōcum, þonne þyncþ him sōna þæt hīe mæġen mǣre lārēowas bēon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"anything, something"
],
"links": [
[
"anything",
"anything"
],
[
"something",
"something"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Then Isaac said, “Who are you?” He answered and said, “I'm Esau.”",
"roman": "Þā cwæþ Isaāc, “Hwæt eart þū?” Hē andwyrde and cwæþ, “Iċ eom Ēsau.”",
"text": "late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 27:32",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "No one sitting there dared to ask him who he was. They knew it was the Lord.",
"roman": "Nān þāra þe þǣr sæt ne dorste hine āscian hwæt hē wǣre. Hīe wisson þæt hit wæs Dryhten.",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 21:12",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "If I'd known who he was, I would have lain at his feet.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “The Second Sunday After Pentecost”\nĠif iċ wisse hwæt hē wǣre, iċ wolde liċġan æt his fōtum.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "The general asked them who they were, where they came from, and why they came there.",
"text": "c. 992, Ælfric, “The Passion of the Apostles Simon and Jude”\nSē ealdormann hīe befræġn hwæt hīe wǣren, oþþe hwanon hīe cōmen, oþþe hwȳ hīe þæder cōmen.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Then the Jews said, “Now we know you’re crazy. Abraham died, and so did the prophets, and you say, ‘If anyone keeps my word, they will never die.’ Are you saying you’re greater than our father Abraham, who died? And the prophets died! Who do you think you are?”",
"roman": "Þā cwǣdon þā Iūdēas, “Nū wē witon þæt þū eart wōd. Ābrahām wæs dēad, and þā wītegan, and þū cwist, ‘Ġif hwā mīn word ġehielt, ne biþ hē nǣfre dēad.’ Cwist þū þæt þū sīe mǣrra þonne ūre fæder Ābrahām, þe wæs dēad? And þā wītegan wǣron dēade! Hwæt þyncþ þē þæt þū sīe?”",
"text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 8:52-53",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"who (in questions and implied questions about who someone is)"
],
"links": [
[
"who",
"who"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xwæt/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʍæt]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "huæt"
},
{
"word": "huæd"
},
{
"word": "huædd"
},
{
"word": "huætd"
},
{
"word": "huædt"
},
{
"word": "hwet"
},
{
"word": "wæt"
},
{
"word": "whæt"
},
{
"word": "hwat"
}
],
"word": "hwæt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English adverbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English pronouns",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hwat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hwet"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian hwet",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "hwat"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon hwat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "wat"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch wat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "waz"
},
"expansion": "Old High German waz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hvat"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hvat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "quod"
},
"expansion": "Latin quod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kàd"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kàd",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cad"
},
"expansion": "Irish cad",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *hwat.\nCognates include Old Frisian hwet, Old Saxon hwat, Old Dutch wat, Old High German waz, Old Norse hvat. The Indo-European root also led to Latin quod, Lithuanian kàd, and Irish cad.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "hwæt",
"name": "ang-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Indeed we know about the might of the great kings of the Spear Danes in the days of yore;",
"text": "Hwæt we Gardena in geardagum þeodcyninga þrym gefrunon;",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "How you've grown!",
"text": "Hwæt þu hæfst geweaxen!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indeed, how"
],
"links": [
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
],
[
"how",
"how"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xwæt/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ʍæt]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "huæt"
},
{
"word": "huæd"
},
{
"word": "huædd"
},
{
"word": "huætd"
},
{
"word": "huædt"
},
{
"word": "hwet"
},
{
"word": "wæt"
},
{
"word": "whæt"
},
{
"word": "hwat"
}
],
"word": "hwæt"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hwæt meaning in Old English (13.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.