hwæl in Old English

IPA: /xwæl/, [ʍæl] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”). Cognate with Old Saxon hwal, Old High German wal, Old Norse hvalr, Latin squalus (“shark”). Perhaps also related to Finnish kala, from Proto-Uralic *kala. Etymology templates: {{dercat|ang|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*hwal}} Proto-West Germanic *hwal, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*hwalaz}} Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, {{inh|ang|ine-pro|*(s)kʷálos|t=large fish, sheatfish}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”), {{cog|osx|hwal}} Old Saxon hwal, {{cog|goh|wal}} Old High German wal, {{cog|non|hvalr}} Old Norse hvalr, {{cog|la|squalus|t=shark}} Latin squalus (“shark”), {{m+|fi|kala}} Finnish kala, {{m+|urj-pro|*kala}} Proto-Uralic *kala Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} hwæl m, {{ang-noun|m|type=strong}} hwæl m Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-m|hwæl|hwal}}, {{ang-decl-noun|hwæl|hwalas|hwæl|hwalas|hwæles|hwala|hwæle|hwalum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], hwæl [nominative, singular], hwalas [nominative, plural], hwæl [accusative, singular], hwalas [accusative, plural], hwæles [genitive, singular], hwala [genitive, plural], hwæle [dative, singular], hwalum [dative, plural]

Inflected forms

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "whale"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: whale, hwæl, qual, whal, swale, quall, quale, whaale, whalle, qwayll, wale, qwall, qwalle\nEnglish: whale\nScots: whaul",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: whale, hwæl, qual, whal, swale, quall, quale, whaale, whalle, qwayll, wale, qwall, qwalle\nEnglish: whale\nScots: whaul"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hwal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwal",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hwalaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwalaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kʷálos",
        "t": "large fish, sheatfish"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "hwal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon hwal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hvalr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hvalr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "squalus",
        "t": "shark"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin squalus (“shark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kala",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-pro",
        "2": "*kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kala",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”). Cognate with Old Saxon hwal, Old High German wal, Old Norse hvalr, Latin squalus (“shark”). Perhaps also related to Finnish kala, from Proto-Uralic *kala.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæles",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwala",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hwæl m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "type": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "hwæl m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hwæl",
        "2": "hwal"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hwæl",
        "2": "hwalas",
        "3": "hwæl",
        "4": "hwalas",
        "5": "hwæles",
        "6": "hwala",
        "7": "hwæle",
        "8": "hwalum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Cetaceans",
          "orig": "ang:Cetaceans",
          "parents": [
            "Even-toed ungulates",
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "walrus",
          "word": "horshwæl"
        },
        {
          "english": "whaler",
          "word": "hwælhunta"
        },
        {
          "english": "whaling",
          "word": "hwælhuntoþ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "whale"
      ],
      "id": "en-hwæl-ang-noun-pdKuKG0N",
      "links": [
        [
          "whale",
          "whale"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xwæl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʍæl]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hwæl"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "walrus",
      "word": "horshwæl"
    },
    {
      "english": "whaler",
      "word": "hwælhunta"
    },
    {
      "english": "whaling",
      "word": "hwælhuntoþ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "whale"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: whale, hwæl, qual, whal, swale, quall, quale, whaale, whalle, qwayll, wale, qwall, qwalle\nEnglish: whale\nScots: whaul",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: whale, hwæl, qual, whal, swale, quall, quale, whaale, whalle, qwayll, wale, qwall, qwalle\nEnglish: whale\nScots: whaul"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hwal"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hwal",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hwalaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hwalaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kʷálos",
        "t": "large fish, sheatfish"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "hwal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon hwal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "wal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German wal",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hvalr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hvalr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "squalus",
        "t": "shark"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin squalus (“shark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish kala",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-pro",
        "2": "*kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kala",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“large fish, sheatfish”). Cognate with Old Saxon hwal, Old High German wal, Old Norse hvalr, Latin squalus (“shark”). Perhaps also related to Finnish kala, from Proto-Uralic *kala.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæles",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwala",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwæle",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hwalum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hwæl m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "type": "strong"
      },
      "expansion": "hwæl m",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hwæl",
        "2": "hwal"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hwæl",
        "2": "hwalas",
        "3": "hwæl",
        "4": "hwalas",
        "5": "hwæles",
        "6": "hwala",
        "7": "hwæle",
        "8": "hwalum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
        "Old English masculine nouns",
        "Old English nouns",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "ang:Cetaceans"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "whale"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "whale",
          "whale"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/xwæl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ʍæl]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hwæl"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"hwæl" meaning in Old English

Noun

Inflected forms