See hran in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "whale"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive",
"2": "gen."
},
"expansion": "gen.",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular",
"2": "sg."
},
"expansion": "sg.",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*harzaz",
"4": "",
"5": "a kind of fish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harzaz (“a kind of fish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "harr",
"3": "",
"4": "grayling"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian harr (“grayling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "harr",
"3": "",
"4": "grayling"
},
"expansion": "Swedish harr (“grayling”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown, cf. Épinal Glossary hran (c. 700) and Futhorc ᚻᚱᚩᚾᚫᛋ (hrónæs) (gen. sg.) on the Franks Casket (early 8th c.). Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *harzaz (“a kind of fish”). Compare Norwegian harr (“grayling”), Swedish harr (“grayling”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hran",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hran",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hranes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hran m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "hran m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hran"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hran",
"2": "hranas",
"3": "hran",
"4": "hranas",
"5": "hranes",
"6": "hrana",
"7": "hrane",
"8": "hranum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Cervids",
"orig": "ang:Cervids",
"parents": [
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ang",
"name": "Cetaceans",
"orig": "ang:Cetaceans",
"parents": [
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hranfisċ"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(gloss) ballaena"
},
{
"english": "... seven fish fill a seal, seven seals fill a \"hran\", seven \"hrans\" fill a whale.",
"roman": "... VII fiscas sēlaes fyllu, sifu sēlas hronaes fyllu, sifu hronas hualaes fyllu.",
"text": "7~8th c., Glossa in Psalmos; Vatican Library MS. Pal. lat. 68, folio 12v",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a small whale or large delphinid"
],
"id": "en-hran-ang-noun-~rQO-QUC",
"links": [
[
"whale",
"whale"
],
[
"delphinid",
"delphinid"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hron"
},
{
"word": "ran"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xrɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥ɑn]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anglo-Saxon runes",
"Delphinidae",
"Franks Casket",
"Orca",
"Pilot whale",
"Risso's dolphin",
"Épinal-Erfurt glossary"
],
"word": "hran"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreinn"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Old Norse hreinn",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hrain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrain",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrainaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of Old Norse hreinn, as if from Proto-West Germanic *hrain, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hrainaz. At the time, Old Norse and Old English were sufficiently close that the correspondence between ā and ei was transparent, as in words like stān (“stone”) and steinn (“id.”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrān",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrāne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "hrān",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hrān m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "hrān"
},
"expansion": "hrān m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrān"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrān",
"2": "hrānas",
"3": "hrān",
"4": "hrānas",
"5": "hrānes",
"6": "hrāna",
"7": "hrāne",
"8": "hrānum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stælhrān"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They call those animals reindeer...",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nÞā dēor hī hātaþ hrānas...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reindeer"
],
"id": "en-hran-ang-noun-boTO84Na",
"links": [
[
"reindeer",
"reindeer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xrɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥ɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "hran"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms calqued from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Cervids",
"ang:Cetaceans"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hranfisċ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "whale"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "genitive",
"2": "gen."
},
"expansion": "gen.",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular",
"2": "sg."
},
"expansion": "sg.",
"name": "lg"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*harzaz",
"4": "",
"5": "a kind of fish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *harzaz (“a kind of fish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "harr",
"3": "",
"4": "grayling"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian harr (“grayling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "harr",
"3": "",
"4": "grayling"
},
"expansion": "Swedish harr (“grayling”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin unknown, cf. Épinal Glossary hran (c. 700) and Futhorc ᚻᚱᚩᚾᚫᛋ (hrónæs) (gen. sg.) on the Franks Casket (early 8th c.). Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *harzaz (“a kind of fish”). Compare Norwegian harr (“grayling”), Swedish harr (“grayling”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hran",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hran",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hranes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hranum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hran m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "hran m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hran"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hran",
"2": "hranas",
"3": "hran",
"4": "hranas",
"5": "hranes",
"6": "hrana",
"7": "hrane",
"8": "hranum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(gloss) ballaena"
},
{
"english": "... seven fish fill a seal, seven seals fill a \"hran\", seven \"hrans\" fill a whale.",
"roman": "... VII fiscas sēlaes fyllu, sifu sēlas hronaes fyllu, sifu hronas hualaes fyllu.",
"text": "7~8th c., Glossa in Psalmos; Vatican Library MS. Pal. lat. 68, folio 12v",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a small whale or large delphinid"
],
"links": [
[
"whale",
"whale"
],
[
"delphinid",
"delphinid"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xrɑn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥ɑn]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hron"
},
{
"word": "ran"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Anglo-Saxon runes",
"Delphinidae",
"Franks Casket",
"Orca",
"Pilot whale",
"Risso's dolphin",
"Épinal-Erfurt glossary"
],
"word": "hran"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English masculine a-stem nouns",
"Old English masculine nouns",
"Old English nouns",
"Old English terms calqued from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ang:Cervids",
"ang:Cetaceans"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stælhrān"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreinn"
},
"expansion": "Calque of Old Norse hreinn",
"name": "calque"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hrain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrain",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrainaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrainaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Calque of Old Norse hreinn, as if from Proto-West Germanic *hrain, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hrainaz. At the time, Old Norse and Old English were sufficiently close that the correspondence between ā and ei was transparent, as in words like stān (“stone”) and steinn (“id.”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hrān",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrāne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrānum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "hrān",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hrān m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "hrān"
},
"expansion": "hrān m",
"name": "ang-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrān"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun-a-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hrān",
"2": "hrānas",
"3": "hrān",
"4": "hrānas",
"5": "hrānes",
"6": "hrāna",
"7": "hrāne",
"8": "hrānum",
"num": "",
"title": "",
"type": "strong a-stem"
},
"name": "ang-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "They call those animals reindeer...",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nÞā dēor hī hātaþ hrānas...",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reindeer"
],
"links": [
[
"reindeer",
"reindeer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xrɑːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "[r̥ɑːn]"
}
],
"word": "hran"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hran meaning in Old English (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.