gnidan in Old English

IPA: /ˈɡniː.dɑn/ [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*gnīdaną}} Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną Head templates: {{ang-verb|gnīdan}} gnīdan Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|gnīdan<s1>}} Forms: gnīdan [canonical], strong [table-tags], gnīdan [infinitive], gnīdenne [infinitive], gnīde [first-person, present, singular], gnād [first-person, past, singular], gnītst [present, second-person, singular], gnide [past, second-person, singular], gnītt [present, singular, third-person], gnīt [present, singular, third-person], gnād [past, singular, third-person], gnīdaþ [plural, present], gnidon [past, plural], gnīde [present, singular], gnide [past, singular], gnīden [plural, present], gniden [past, plural], gnīd [imperative, past, present, singular], gnīdaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], gnīdende [imperative, present], gniden [imperative, past], ġegniden [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "gniden",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: gniden, gnyde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: gniden, gnyde"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gnīdaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gnīdan",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnād",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnītst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnide",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnītt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnād",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnidon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnide",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġegniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnīdan"
      },
      "expansion": "gnīdan",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnīdan<s1>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When you want soap, rub your hands together.",
          "text": "Monastic sign language guide\nÞonne þū sāpan habban wille, þonne gnīd þū þīne handa tōgædere.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Take a stick and rub it against something, and it will heat up immediately from the fire lurking inside it.",
          "text": "c. 993, Ælfric, On the Seasons of the Year\nNim ānne sticcan and gnīd tō sumum þinge, hit hātaþ þǣr ryhte of þām fȳre þe him on lutaþ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rub"
      ],
      "id": "en-gnidan-ang-verb-hi9WHBpS",
      "links": [
        [
          "rub",
          "rub"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡniː.dɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnidan"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "gniden",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: gniden, gnyde",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: gniden, gnyde"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*gnīdaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gnīdaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gnīdan",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdan",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdenne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnād",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnītst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnide",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnītt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnād",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnidon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnide",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gnīdende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġegniden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnīdan"
      },
      "expansion": "gnīdan",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gnīdan<s1>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English class 1 strong verbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with quotations",
        "Old English verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "When you want soap, rub your hands together.",
          "text": "Monastic sign language guide\nÞonne þū sāpan habban wille, þonne gnīd þū þīne handa tōgædere.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "Take a stick and rub it against something, and it will heat up immediately from the fire lurking inside it.",
          "text": "c. 993, Ælfric, On the Seasons of the Year\nNim ānne sticcan and gnīd tō sumum þinge, hit hātaþ þǣr ryhte of þām fȳre þe him on lutaþ.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rub"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rub",
          "rub"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡniː.dɑn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gnidan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"gnidan" meaning in Old English

Verb