cræftgian in Old English

IPA: /ˈkræft.ɡi.ɑn/, [ˈkræft.ɣi.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn, *kraftīgōn, equivalent to cræftiġ + -ian. Cognate with Old High German *kreftigōn (found in gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”), unkreftigōn (“to weaken”)) and Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kraftugōn}} Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn, {{m|gmw-pro|*kraftīgōn}} *kraftīgōn, {{suf|ang|cræftiġ|-ian}} cræftiġ + -ian, {{cog|goh|*kreftigōn}} Old High German *kreftigōn, {{m|goh|gikreftigōn|t=to strengthen}} gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”), {{m|goh|unkreftigōn|t=to weaken}} unkreftigōn (“to weaken”), {{cog|goh|kreftīgen|t=to make whole, heal}} Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”) Head templates: {{ang-verb|head=cræftgian}} cræftgian Inflection templates: {{ang-conj|cræftgian<w2>}} Forms: weak [table-tags], cræftgian [infinitive], cræftgienne [infinitive], cræftgiġe [first-person, present, singular], cræftgode [first-person, past, singular], cræftgast [present, second-person, singular], cræftgodest [past, second-person, singular], cræftgaþ [present, singular, third-person], cræftgode [past, singular, third-person], cræftgiaþ [plural, present], cræftgodon [past, plural], cræftgiġe [present, singular], cræftgode [past, singular], cræftgiġen [plural, present], cræftgoden [past, plural], cræftga [imperative, past, present, singular], cræftgiaþ [imperative, past, plural, present], cræftgiende [imperative, present], cræftgod [imperative, past], ġecræftgod [imperative, past]

[Show JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for post-processed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kraftugōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*kraftīgōn"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftīgōn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cræftiġ",
        "3": "-ian"
      },
      "expansion": "cræftiġ + -ian",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "*kreftigōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German *kreftigōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gikreftigōn",
        "t": "to strengthen"
      },
      "expansion": "gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unkreftigōn",
        "t": "to weaken"
      },
      "expansion": "unkreftigōn (“to weaken”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kreftīgen",
        "t": "to make whole, heal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn, *kraftīgōn, equivalent to cræftiġ + -ian. Cognate with Old High German *kreftigōn (found in gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”), unkreftigōn (“to weaken”)) and Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġecræftgod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "cræftgian"
      },
      "expansion": "cræftgian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cræftgian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "cræftiga"
        },
        {
          "word": "ġecræftgian"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make powerful"
      ],
      "id": "en-cræftgian-ang-verb-YRdLsd6u",
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "powerful",
          "powerful"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkræft.ɡi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkræft.ɣi.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cræftgian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cræftiga"
    },
    {
      "word": "ġecræftgian"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kraftugōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*kraftīgōn"
      },
      "expansion": "*kraftīgōn",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "cræftiġ",
        "3": "-ian"
      },
      "expansion": "cræftiġ + -ian",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "*kreftigōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German *kreftigōn",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gikreftigōn",
        "t": "to strengthen"
      },
      "expansion": "gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "unkreftigōn",
        "t": "to weaken"
      },
      "expansion": "unkreftigōn (“to weaken”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kreftīgen",
        "t": "to make whole, heal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kraftugōn, *kraftīgōn, equivalent to cræftiġ + -ian. Cognate with Old High German *kreftigōn (found in gikreftigōn (“to strengthen”), unkreftigōn (“to weaken”)) and Old High German kreftīgen (“to make whole, heal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgienne",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgast",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgodest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgodon",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgode",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiġen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgoden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiaþ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgiende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cræftgod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ġecræftgod",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "head": "cræftgian"
      },
      "expansion": "cræftgian",
      "name": "ang-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cræftgian<w2>"
      },
      "name": "ang-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English class 2 weak verbs",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms suffixed with -ian",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old English terms with redundant head parameter",
        "Old English verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to strengthen, make powerful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "strengthen",
          "strengthen"
        ],
        [
          "powerful",
          "powerful"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkræft.ɡi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkræft.ɣi.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cræftgian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"cræftgian" meaning in Old English

Verb