"ceald" meaning in Old English

See ceald in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/, [t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *kald. Cognates Cognate with Old Frisian kald, Old Saxon kald, Old Dutch kalt, Old High German kalt, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds). Etymology templates: {{root|ang|ine-pro|*gel-}}, {{dercat|ang|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kald}} Proto-West Germanic *kald, {{cog|ofs|kald}} Old Frisian kald, {{cog|osx|kald}} Old Saxon kald, {{cog|odt|kalt}} Old Dutch kalt, {{cog|goh|kalt}} Old High German kalt, {{cog|non|kaldr}} Old Norse kaldr, {{cog|got|𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃}} Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds) Head templates: {{ang-adj|ċeald|ċealdra|ċealdost}} ċeald (comparative ċealdra, superlative ċealdost) Inflection templates: {{ang-adecl|ċeald}} Forms: ċeald [canonical], ċealdra [comparative], ċealdost [superlative], strong [table-tags], ċeald [masculine, nominative, singular], ċeald [feminine, nominative, singular], ċeald [neuter, nominative, singular], ċealdne [accusative, masculine, singular], ċealde [accusative, feminine, singular], ċeald [accusative, neuter, singular], ċealdes [genitive, masculine, singular], ċealdre [feminine, genitive, singular], ċealdes [genitive, neuter, singular], ċealdum [dative, masculine, singular], ċealdre [dative, feminine, singular], ċealdum [dative, neuter, singular], ċealde [instrumental, masculine, singular], ċealdre [feminine, instrumental, singular], ċealde [instrumental, neuter, singular], ċealde [masculine, nominative, plural], ċealda [feminine, nominative, plural], ċealde [feminine, nominative, plural], ċeald [neuter, nominative, plural], ċealde [accusative, masculine, plural], ċealda [accusative, feminine, plural], ċealde [accusative, feminine, plural], ċeald [accusative, neuter, plural], ċealdra [genitive, masculine, plural], ċealdra [feminine, genitive, plural], ċealdra [genitive, neuter, plural], ċealdum [dative, masculine, plural], ċealdum [dative, feminine, plural], ċealdum [dative, neuter, plural], ċealdum [instrumental, masculine, plural], ċealdum [feminine, instrumental, plural], ċealdum [instrumental, neuter, plural], weak [table-tags], ċealda [masculine, nominative, singular], ċealde [feminine, nominative, singular], ċealde [neuter, nominative, singular], ċealdan [accusative, masculine, singular], ċealdan [accusative, feminine, singular], ċealde [accusative, neuter, singular], ċealdan [genitive, masculine, singular], ċealdan [feminine, genitive, singular], ċealdan [genitive, neuter, singular], ċealdan [dative, masculine, singular], ċealdan [dative, feminine, singular], ċealdan [dative, neuter, singular], ċealdan [instrumental, masculine, singular], ċealdan [feminine, instrumental, singular], ċealdan [instrumental, neuter, singular], ċealdan [masculine, nominative, plural], ċealdan [feminine, nominative, plural], ċealdan [neuter, nominative, plural], ċealdan [accusative, masculine, plural], ċealdan [accusative, feminine, plural], ċealdan [accusative, neuter, plural], ċealdra [genitive, masculine, plural], ċealdena [genitive, masculine, plural], ċealdra [feminine, genitive, plural], ċealdena [feminine, genitive, plural], ċealdra [genitive, neuter, plural], ċealdena [genitive, neuter, plural], ċealdum [dative, masculine, plural], ċealdum [dative, feminine, plural], ċealdum [dative, neuter, plural], ċealdum [instrumental, masculine, plural], ċealdum [feminine, instrumental, plural], ċealdum [instrumental, neuter, plural]
  1. cold Derived forms: ċealdnes (english: coldness)
    Sense id: en-ceald-ang-adj-4nLe7N5y
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: cald [Anglian]
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/, [t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldą. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*kald}} Proto-West Germanic *kald, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*kaldą}} Proto-Germanic *kaldą Head templates: {{head|ang|nouns|||||g=n|g2=|g3=|head=ċeald|sort=}} ċeald n, {{ang-noun|n|head=ċeald}} ċeald n Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-a-n|ċeald}}, {{ang-decl-noun|ċeald|ċeald|ċeald|ċeald|ċealdes|ċealda|ċealde|ċealdum|num=|title=|type=strong a-stem}} Forms: ċeald [canonical, neuter], strong [table-tags], ċeald [nominative, singular], ċeald [nominative, plural], ċeald [accusative, singular], ċeald [accusative, plural], ċealdes [genitive, singular], ċealda [genitive, plural], ċealde [dative, singular], ċealdum [dative, plural]
  1. cold, coldness Categories (topical): Temperature
    Sense id: en-ceald-ang-noun-Kp93b3qM Disambiguation of Temperature: 0 100 0 Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 7 78 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 79 21
  2. that which is cold
    Sense id: en-ceald-ang-noun-Ta4xs4t7
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: cald [Anglian] Related terms: calan (english: to be cold), calian (english: to be cold), ċiele (english: coldness, the cold)
Etymology number: 2
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hāt"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "cold"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gel-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kald",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kald",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon kald",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "kalt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch kalt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kalt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kalt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kaldr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kaldr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kald.\nCognates\nCognate with Old Frisian kald, Old Saxon kald, Old Dutch kalt, Old High German kalt, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald",
        "2": "ċealdra",
        "3": "ċealdost"
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald (comparative ċealdra, superlative ċealdost)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "coldness",
          "word": "ċealdnes"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The slaves and the servants were standing at the coals and warming themselves, because it was cold.",
          "roman": "Þā þēowas and þā þeġnas stōdon æt þām glēdum and wiermdon hīe, for þām hit wæs ċeald.",
          "text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 18:18",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-ceald-ang-adj-4nLe7N5y",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Anglian"
      ],
      "word": "cald"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ceald"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "cold",
            "3": "cald",
            "4": "chald"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cold"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cald"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cald",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cald"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kald",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kaldą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "ċeald",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "head": "ċeald"
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald n",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald",
        "2": "ċeald",
        "3": "ċeald",
        "4": "ċeald",
        "5": "ċealdes",
        "6": "ċealda",
        "7": "ċealde",
        "8": "ċealdum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to be cold",
      "word": "calan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to be cold",
      "word": "calian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "coldness, the cold",
      "word": "ċiele"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 78 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 79 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Temperature",
          "orig": "ang:Temperature",
          "parents": [
            "Nature",
            "Weather",
            "All topics",
            "Atmosphere",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold, coldness"
      ],
      "id": "en-ceald-ang-noun-Kp93b3qM",
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "coldness",
          "coldness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "that which is cold"
      ],
      "id": "en-ceald-ang-noun-Ta4xs4t7"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Anglian"
      ],
      "word": "cald"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ceald"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "hāt"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Old English adjectives",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "ang:Temperature"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "coldness",
      "word": "ċealdnes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "cold"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: cold, cald, cheld, cheald, chald\nEnglish: cold\nGeordie English: cawd, cauld\nScots: cald, cauld\nYola: coale, khoal, cole"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gel-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kald",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian kald",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon kald",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "kalt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch kalt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "kalt"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German kalt",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "kaldr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse kaldr",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kald.\nCognates\nCognate with Old Frisian kald, Old Saxon kald, Old Dutch kalt, Old High German kalt, Old Norse kaldr, Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍃 (kalds).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdost",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald",
        "2": "ċealdra",
        "3": "ċealdost"
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald (comparative ċealdra, superlative ċealdost)",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The slaves and the servants were standing at the coals and warming themselves, because it was cold.",
          "roman": "Þā þēowas and þā þeġnas stōdon æt þām glēdum and wiermdon hīe, for þām hit wæs ċeald.",
          "text": "c. 990, Wessex Gospels, John 18:18",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Anglian"
      ],
      "word": "cald"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ceald"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English neuter a-stem nouns",
    "Old English neuter nouns",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "ang:Temperature"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "cold",
            "3": "cald",
            "4": "chald"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: cold, cald, chald"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "cold"
          },
          "expansion": "English: cold",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: cold"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "cald"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: cald",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: cald"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*kald"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kald",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*kaldą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaldą",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *kald, from Proto-Germanic *kaldą.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-a-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċeald",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ċealdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "ċeald",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "head": "ċeald"
      },
      "expansion": "ċeald n",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-a-n"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ċeald",
        "2": "ċeald",
        "3": "ċeald",
        "4": "ċeald",
        "5": "ċealdes",
        "6": "ċealda",
        "7": "ċealde",
        "8": "ċealdum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong a-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to be cold",
      "word": "calan"
    },
    {
      "english": "to be cold",
      "word": "calian"
    },
    {
      "english": "coldness, the cold",
      "word": "ċiele"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cold, coldness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cold",
          "cold"
        ],
        [
          "coldness",
          "coldness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "that which is cold"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃæ͜ɑld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃæ͜ɑɫd]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Anglian"
      ],
      "word": "cald"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ceald"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ceald meaning in Old English (12.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.