See befylan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "befilen",
"3": "befulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: befilen, befulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: befilen, befulen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "befile"
},
"expansion": "English: befile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: befile"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "befyle",
"3": "befile"
},
"expansion": "Scots: befyle, befile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: befyle, befile"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "defilen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle English: defilen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "defoulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English defoulen",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through interference from Middle English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">defoulen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(through interference from Middle English defoulen)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle English: defilen (through interference from Middle English defoulen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "defile"
},
"expansion": "English: defile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: defile"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "defyle",
"3": "defile"
},
"expansion": "Scots: defyle, defile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: defyle, defile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bifūlijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bifūlijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "be",
"3": "fȳlan"
},
"expansion": "be- + fȳlan",
"name": "pre"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bifūlijan, equivalent to be- + fȳlan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "befȳlan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳldon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳld",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "befȳlan"
},
"expansion": "befȳlan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "befȳlan<w1/pp:befȳled,befȳld>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English terms prefixed with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now it is permitted to us, through the authority of teachers, that we feed our bodies with restraint, moderation, and modesty every day of this Lenten tide. He who performs the Lenten fast while defiling himself with lust does so foolishly. It is unlawful for a Christian to indulge in carnal lusts during the time he should forgo meats.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nNū is ūs ālȳfed, þurh lārēowa ealdordōm, þæt wē dæġhwomlice, on þyssere lenctenlīċan tīde, ūre līchaman ġerēordiġan mid forhæfednysse, and sȳfernysse, and clǣnnysse. Stuntlīċe fæst sē lenctenlīċ fæsten seðe on ðisum clǣnum tīman hine sylfne mid gālnysse befȳld. Unrihtlīċ bið þæt sē crīstena mann flǣsċlīċe lustas ġefremme on ðām tīman þe hē flæsċmettas forgān sċeal.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defile, befoul"
],
"id": "en-befylan-ang-verb-0KUelSop",
"links": [
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"befoul",
"befoul"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/beˈfyː.lɑn/"
}
],
"word": "befylan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "befilen",
"3": "befulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: befilen, befulen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: befilen, befulen"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "befile"
},
"expansion": "English: befile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: befile"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "befyle",
"3": "befile"
},
"expansion": "Scots: befyle, befile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: befyle, befile"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "defilen",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Middle English: defilen",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "defoulen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English defoulen",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "through interference from Middle English <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"enm\">defoulen</i>"
},
"expansion": "(through interference from Middle English defoulen)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Middle English: defilen (through interference from Middle English defoulen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "defile"
},
"expansion": "English: defile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: defile"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "defyle",
"3": "defile"
},
"expansion": "Scots: defyle, defile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: defyle, defile"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bifūlijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bifūlijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "be",
"3": "fȳlan"
},
"expansion": "be- + fȳlan",
"name": "pre"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bifūlijan, equivalent to be- + fȳlan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "befȳlan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳldest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳleþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳldon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳl",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳlende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳled",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "befȳld",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "befȳlan"
},
"expansion": "befȳlan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "befȳlan<w1/pp:befȳled,befȳld>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 1 weak verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms prefixed with be-",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English terms with quotations",
"Old English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now it is permitted to us, through the authority of teachers, that we feed our bodies with restraint, moderation, and modesty every day of this Lenten tide. He who performs the Lenten fast while defiling himself with lust does so foolishly. It is unlawful for a Christian to indulge in carnal lusts during the time he should forgo meats.",
"text": "Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church\nNū is ūs ālȳfed, þurh lārēowa ealdordōm, þæt wē dæġhwomlice, on þyssere lenctenlīċan tīde, ūre līchaman ġerēordiġan mid forhæfednysse, and sȳfernysse, and clǣnnysse. Stuntlīċe fæst sē lenctenlīċ fæsten seðe on ðisum clǣnum tīman hine sylfne mid gālnysse befȳld. Unrihtlīċ bið þæt sē crīstena mann flǣsċlīċe lustas ġefremme on ðām tīman þe hē flæsċmettas forgān sċeal.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defile, befoul"
],
"links": [
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"befoul",
"befoul"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/beˈfyː.lɑn/"
}
],
"word": "befylan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for befylan meaning in Old English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.