"-estre" meaning in Old English

See -estre in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /es.tre/
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, feminine agent suffix equivalent to *-ārī (> -ere). Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*-astrijā}} Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā Head templates: {{head|ang|suffix|cat2=|head=|head2=|sort=}} -estre, {{ang-suffix}} -estre Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-n-f|-estr}}, {{ang-decl-noun|-estre|-estran|-estran|-estran|-estran|-estrena|-estran|-estrum|num=|title=|type=weak}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -estre [nominative, singular], -estran [nominative, plural], -estran [accusative, singular], -estran [accusative, plural], -estran [genitive, singular], -estrena [genitive, plural], -estran [dative, singular], -estrum [dative, plural]
  1. female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -istræ, -istre, -ystre

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "-estere"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere\nEnglish: -ster\n⇒ English: -stress\nScots: -ster",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere\nEnglish: -ster\n⇒ English: -stress\nScots: -ster"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-astrijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, feminine agent suffix equivalent to *-ārī (> -ere).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estrena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-estre",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-estre",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-estr"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-estre",
        "2": "-estran",
        "3": "-estran",
        "4": "-estran",
        "5": "-estran",
        "6": "-estrena",
        "7": "-estran",
        "8": "-estrum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bæcestre (“female baker”); sangestre (“female singer”); webbestre (“female weaver”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft"
      ],
      "id": "en--estre-ang-suffix-1UDCN4Qr",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-istræ"
        },
        {
          "word": "-istre"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ystre"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/es.tre/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-estre"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "-estere"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere\nEnglish: -ster\n⇒ English: -stress\nScots: -ster",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: -estere, -ester, -estre, -ister, -istre, -star, -stare, -ster, -stere, -uster, -ysstere\nEnglish: -ster\n⇒ English: -stress\nScots: -ster"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-astrijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā, feminine agent suffix equivalent to *-ārī (> -ere).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estrena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estran",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-estrum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-estre",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-estre",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-estr"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-estre",
        "2": "-estran",
        "3": "-estran",
        "4": "-estran",
        "5": "-estran",
        "6": "-estrena",
        "7": "-estran",
        "8": "-estrum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English feminine n-stem nouns",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English suffixes",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages using catfix",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "bæcestre (“female baker”); sangestre (“female singer”); webbestre (“female weaver”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/es.tre/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-istræ"
    },
    {
      "word": "-istre"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ystre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-estre"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -estre meaning in Old English (2.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.