"քամակ" meaning in Old Armenian

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "քամակ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: քամակ (kʻamak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: քամակ (kʻamak)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kamiesis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shoulder"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kamiesis (“shoulder”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "caymoys",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shoulder"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian caymoys (“shoulder”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kh₂em-",
        "t": "to bend, to curve"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, to curve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ակ"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ակ (-ak)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira"
      },
      "expansion": "Iranian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kh₂em-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "کمان",
        "t": "bow, arch, arc",
        "tr": "kamân"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian کمان (kamân, “bow, arch, arc”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "کمر",
        "t": "waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge",
        "tr": "kamar"
      },
      "expansion": "کمر (kamar, “waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yai",
        "2": "кама",
        "t": "neck, nape of the neck"
      },
      "expansion": "Yagnobi кама (kama, “neck, nape of the neck”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh-ros",
        "2": "",
        "3": "puǰumc"
      },
      "expansion": "Roshani puǰumc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh-xuf",
        "2": "",
        "3": "paǰumc",
        "t": "pad worn on back to carry a burden"
      },
      "expansion": "Khufi paǰumc (“pad worn on back to carry a burden”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ira-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*pati-kama-ča-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-kama-ča-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "culata"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian culata",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "քամահեմ",
        "3": "քամահ-եմ",
        "t": "to disdain, to despise"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian քամահ-եմ (kʻamah-em, “to disdain, to despise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Since Lidén usually connected with Latvian kamiesis (“shoulder”) and Old Prussian caymoys (“shoulder”) and derived from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, to curve”). It is assumed the Iranian-origin suffix + -ակ (-ak) was added to a native stem. However, the derivation of the Baltic terms from this root is problematic.\nMore likely, as Dervischjan suggested, borrowed from an Iranian reflex of the same Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-: compare Persian کمان (kamân, “bow, arch, arc”), کمر (kamar, “waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”), Yagnobi кама (kama, “neck, nape of the neck”), Roshani puǰumc, Khufi paǰumc (“pad worn on back to carry a burden”), the latter two from Proto-Iranian *pati-kama-ča-. For the Iranian words see ESIJa, without the Armenian.\nKurdish k̄amak̄a, glossed with Italian culata and found only in Garzoni, may be related.\nNote also Old Armenian քամահ-եմ (kʻamah-em, “to disdain, to despise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kʻamak",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակ",
      "roman": "kʻamak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակք",
      "roman": "kʻamakkʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակ",
      "roman": "kʻamak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակս",
      "roman": "kʻamaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակէ",
      "roman": "kʻamakē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաւ",
      "roman": "kʻamakaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաւք = քամակօք (kʻamakawkʻ = kʻamakōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակս",
      "roman": "kʻamaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "քամակ • (kʻamak)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "քամակ • (kʻamak)",
      "name": "xcl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "քամակ",
        "11": "քամակաց",
        "13": "քամակ",
        "15": "քամակս",
        "17": "քամակէ",
        "19": "քամակաց",
        "21": "քամակաւ",
        "23": "քամակաւք = քամակօք",
        "25": "քամակի",
        "27": "քամակս",
        "3": "քամակք",
        "5": "քամակի",
        "7": "քամակաց",
        "9": "քամակի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian terms suffixed with -ակ",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "xcl",
          "name": "Body parts",
          "orig": "xcl:Body parts",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "korakʻamakutʻiwn",
          "word": "կորաքամակութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kʻamakabek",
          "word": "քամակաբեկ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kʻamakakotor",
          "word": "քամակակոտոր"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kʻamakakor",
          "word": "քամակակոր"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Melted lead, bubbling and boiling with the heat, was poured down the backs of others, and they were roasted in the most sensitive parts of the body.",
          "ref": "5th century, Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History VIII.12",
          "text": "[…] և կիսոցն կապար հալեալ ի կրակի, և ի հրածորան յեռանդան անդ ի վերայ թիկանց և քամակի նոցա հեղուին, և անդամք որ առաւել կարևորք էին ի մարմնի անդ՝ խորովէին։\n[…]ew kisocʻn kapar haleal i kraki, ew i hracoran yeṙandan and i veray tʻikancʻ ew kʻamaki nocʻa hełuin, ew andamkʻ or aṙawel kareworkʻ ēin i marmni and, xorovēin."
        },
        {
          "ref": "5th century, Ephrem the Syrian, Meknutʿiwn Erkrord orinacʿ [Commentary on Deuteronomy]",
          "roman": "Zi tʻēpēt ew katari ays i veray Movsisi, or kotoreacʻ na yancʻs Yordanan getoy ztʻagaworsn amurhacʻwocʻ, sakayn ew očʻ aṙ Pʻenehēs ōtar ē ays, ayn or cʻcʻeacʻ ztēgn iwr i kʻamak Zambreay nahapetin šmawoneancʻ gndin, tʻšnamwoyn Łeweay.",
          "text": "Զի թէպէտ և կատարի այս ի վերայ Մովսիսի, որ կոտորեաց նա յանցս Յորդանան գետոյ զթագաւորսն ամուրհացւոց, սակայն և ոչ առ Փենեհէս օտար է այս, այն որ ցցեաց զտէգն իւր ի քամակ Զամբրեայ նահապետին շմաւոնեանց գնդին՝ թշնամւոյն Ղևեայ։"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "back (the rear part of the body)"
      ],
      "id": "en-քամակ-xcl-noun-XjdzGzUB",
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "քամակ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "korakʻamakutʻiwn",
      "word": "կորաքամակութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kʻamakabek",
      "word": "քամակաբեկ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kʻamakakotor",
      "word": "քամակակոտոր"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kʻamakakor",
      "word": "քամակակոր"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "քամակ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: քամակ (kʻamak)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: քամակ (kʻamak)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kamiesis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shoulder"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian kamiesis (“shoulder”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "caymoys",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shoulder"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian caymoys (“shoulder”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*kh₂em-",
        "t": "to bend, to curve"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, to curve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ակ"
      },
      "expansion": "+ -ակ (-ak)",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ira"
      },
      "expansion": "Iranian",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*kh₂em-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "کمان",
        "t": "bow, arch, arc",
        "tr": "kamân"
      },
      "expansion": "Persian کمان (kamân, “bow, arch, arc”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fa",
        "2": "کمر",
        "t": "waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge",
        "tr": "kamar"
      },
      "expansion": "کمر (kamar, “waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yai",
        "2": "кама",
        "t": "neck, nape of the neck"
      },
      "expansion": "Yagnobi кама (kama, “neck, nape of the neck”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh-ros",
        "2": "",
        "3": "puǰumc"
      },
      "expansion": "Roshani puǰumc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sgh-xuf",
        "2": "",
        "3": "paǰumc",
        "t": "pad worn on back to carry a burden"
      },
      "expansion": "Khufi paǰumc (“pad worn on back to carry a burden”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ira-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*pati-kama-ča-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Iranian *pati-kama-ča-",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "culata"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian culata",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "քամահեմ",
        "3": "քամահ-եմ",
        "t": "to disdain, to despise"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Armenian քամահ-եմ (kʻamah-em, “to disdain, to despise”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Since Lidén usually connected with Latvian kamiesis (“shoulder”) and Old Prussian caymoys (“shoulder”) and derived from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, to curve”). It is assumed the Iranian-origin suffix + -ակ (-ak) was added to a native stem. However, the derivation of the Baltic terms from this root is problematic.\nMore likely, as Dervischjan suggested, borrowed from an Iranian reflex of the same Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em-: compare Persian کمان (kamân, “bow, arch, arc”), کمر (kamar, “waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”), Yagnobi кама (kama, “neck, nape of the neck”), Roshani puǰumc, Khufi paǰumc (“pad worn on back to carry a burden”), the latter two from Proto-Iranian *pati-kama-ča-. For the Iranian words see ESIJa, without the Armenian.\nKurdish k̄amak̄a, glossed with Italian culata and found only in Garzoni, may be related.\nNote also Old Armenian քամահ-եմ (kʻamah-em, “to disdain, to despise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kʻamak",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակ",
      "roman": "kʻamak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակք",
      "roman": "kʻamakkʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակ",
      "roman": "kʻamak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակս",
      "roman": "kʻamaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակէ",
      "roman": "kʻamakē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաց",
      "roman": "kʻamakacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաւ",
      "roman": "kʻamakaw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակաւք = քամակօք (kʻamakawkʻ = kʻamakōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակի",
      "roman": "kʻamaki",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "քամակս",
      "roman": "kʻamaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "քամակ • (kʻamak)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "քամակ • (kʻamak)",
      "name": "xcl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "քամակ",
        "11": "քամակաց",
        "13": "քամակ",
        "15": "քամակս",
        "17": "քամակէ",
        "19": "քամակաց",
        "21": "քամակաւ",
        "23": "քամակաւք = քամակօք",
        "25": "քամակի",
        "27": "քամակս",
        "3": "քամակք",
        "5": "քամակի",
        "7": "քամակաց",
        "9": "քամակի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Armenian lemmas",
        "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Old Armenian nouns",
        "Old Armenian terms borrowed from Iranian languages",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Iranian languages",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Armenian terms suffixed with -ակ",
        "Old Armenian terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Old Armenian quotations",
        "xcl:Body parts"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Melted lead, bubbling and boiling with the heat, was poured down the backs of others, and they were roasted in the most sensitive parts of the body.",
          "ref": "5th century, Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History VIII.12",
          "text": "[…] և կիսոցն կապար հալեալ ի կրակի, և ի հրածորան յեռանդան անդ ի վերայ թիկանց և քամակի նոցա հեղուին, և անդամք որ առաւել կարևորք էին ի մարմնի անդ՝ խորովէին։\n[…]ew kisocʻn kapar haleal i kraki, ew i hracoran yeṙandan and i veray tʻikancʻ ew kʻamaki nocʻa hełuin, ew andamkʻ or aṙawel kareworkʻ ēin i marmni and, xorovēin."
        },
        {
          "ref": "5th century, Ephrem the Syrian, Meknutʿiwn Erkrord orinacʿ [Commentary on Deuteronomy]",
          "roman": "Zi tʻēpēt ew katari ays i veray Movsisi, or kotoreacʻ na yancʻs Yordanan getoy ztʻagaworsn amurhacʻwocʻ, sakayn ew očʻ aṙ Pʻenehēs ōtar ē ays, ayn or cʻcʻeacʻ ztēgn iwr i kʻamak Zambreay nahapetin šmawoneancʻ gndin, tʻšnamwoyn Łeweay.",
          "text": "Զի թէպէտ և կատարի այս ի վերայ Մովսիսի, որ կոտորեաց նա յանցս Յորդանան գետոյ զթագաւորսն ամուրհացւոց, սակայն և ոչ առ Փենեհէս օտար է այս, այն որ ցցեաց զտէգն իւր ի քամակ Զամբրեայ նահապետին շմաւոնեանց գնդին՝ թշնամւոյն Ղևեայ։"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "back (the rear part of the body)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "back",
          "back"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "քամակ"
}