"-곳" meaning in Middle Korean

See -곳 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Particle

IPA: /kos/ Forms: 곳〮 [canonical], -kwós [romanization]
Etymology: Unattested in Old Korean, where only 火叱 (*-pos) (whence Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos)) is attested. In Middle Korean, 곳 (-kwos) and ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos) appear to be wholly synonymous except that the former is much more common (the latter is also not attested outside conditional clauses, but this may be a result of its rarity). It is often speculated that they stem from the same etymon and that there is a diachronic shift from 火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ > 곳, but the phonological differences are difficult to resolve. Etymology templates: {{lang|ko|火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ}} 火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ, {{lang|ko|곳}} 곳 Head templates: {{head|okm|particle|head=곳〮|tr=-kwós}} 곳〮 (-kwós)
  1. (in conditional clauses) as long as (emphasizes that if the conditional holds true, the result is inescapable) Synonyms: ᄇᆞᆺ
    Sense id: en--곳-okm-particle-QoGwBCrX Categories (other): Korean links with redundant wikilinks, Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header, Middle Korean particles, Middle Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with tab characters Disambiguation of Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header: 88 12 Disambiguation of Middle Korean particles: 92 8 Disambiguation of Middle Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 85 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 93 7 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 95 5 Disambiguation of Pages with tab characters: 91 9
  2. (outside conditional clauses) Perhaps an emphatic marker, or perhaps a marker limiting the clause; see contrasting analyses below. Typically used with adverbs of limitation, such as 오직 (wocik, “only, solely”).
    Sense id: en--곳-okm-particle-28KdgtQ9 Categories (other): Korean links with redundant wikilinks, Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: (-Gwos) (english: allomorph after a vowel), /l/
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ"
      },
      "expansion": "火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "곳"
      },
      "expansion": "곳",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unattested in Old Korean, where only 火叱 (*-pos) (whence Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos)) is attested.\nIn Middle Korean, 곳 (-kwos) and ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos) appear to be wholly synonymous except that the former is much more common (the latter is also not attested outside conditional clauses, but this may be a result of its rarity). It is often speculated that they stem from the same etymon and that there is a diachronic shift from 火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ > 곳, but the phonological differences are difficult to resolve.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "곳〮",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kwós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "particle",
        "head": "곳〮",
        "tr": "-kwós"
      },
      "expansion": "곳〮 (-kwós)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Korean",
  "lang_code": "okm",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "88 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Korean particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "95 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "91 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with tab characters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "As long as the pond is frozen, the rapids are good as well",
          "ref": "14th century?, “滿殿春 / 만전춘 (Manjeonchun)”, in 樂章歌詞 / 악장가사 (Akjang gasa):",
          "roman": "swoh-kwos elmyen yehul-two tywo-honi",
          "text": "소콧 얼면 여흘도 됴ᄒᆞ니",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "As long as one does not kill a living thing, it cannot be obtained",
          "ref": "1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 (Worin seokbo), page 11:4b:",
          "roman": "sǎn kès-kwós àní cwùkímyén ĕtwùlq cwúl-í ěpsùní",
          "text": "산〯 것곳〮 아니〮 주기〮면〮 어〯두ᇙ 주〮리〮 업〯스니〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as long as (emphasizes that if the conditional holds true, the result is inescapable)"
      ],
      "id": "en--곳-okm-particle-QoGwBCrX",
      "links": [
        [
          "as long as",
          "as long as"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "in conditional clauses",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in conditional clauses) as long as (emphasizes that if the conditional holds true, the result is inescapable)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ᄇᆞᆺ"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(limiting) Even if they reflect upon it, they will not know; it is only that I know this figure, and the Buddhas of the Ten Directions know it as well.\n(emphatic) Even if they reflect upon it, they will not know; I indeed know this figure, and the Buddhas of the Ten Directions know it as well.",
          "ref": "1447, 釋譜詳節 / 석보상절 (Seokbo sangjeol), pages 13:42b—43a:",
          "roman": "sòlàng-hóyá-twó stwó mwòlólìlá nà-Gwós í SYANG-ól ǎlGwó SIP.PANG.PWUL-twó ǎlòsínònílá",
          "text": "ᄉᆞ라ᇰᄒᆞ〮야〮도〮 ᄯᅩ〮 모ᄅᆞ〮리라〮 나옷〮 이〮 相(샤ᇰ)ᄋᆞᆯ〮 알〯오〮 十(십)方(바ᇰ)佛(불)도〮 아〯ᄅᆞ시〮ᄂᆞ니〮라〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Perhaps an emphatic marker, or perhaps a marker limiting the clause; see contrasting analyses below. Typically used with adverbs of limitation, such as 오직 (wocik, “only, solely”)."
      ],
      "id": "en--곳-okm-particle-28KdgtQ9",
      "links": [
        [
          "오직",
          "오직#Middle_Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "outside conditional clauses",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(outside conditional clauses) Perhaps an emphatic marker, or perhaps a marker limiting the clause; see contrasting analyses below. Typically used with adverbs of limitation, such as 오직 (wocik, “only, solely”)."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kos/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "allomorph after a vowel",
      "roman": "-Gwos",
      "word": "옷"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "/l/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-곳"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Korean lemmas",
    "Middle Korean particles",
    "Middle Korean terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with tab characters"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ"
      },
      "expansion": "火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ",
      "name": "lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ko",
        "2": "곳"
      },
      "expansion": "곳",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unattested in Old Korean, where only 火叱 (*-pos) (whence Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos)) is attested.\nIn Middle Korean, 곳 (-kwos) and ᄇᆞᆺ (-pos) appear to be wholly synonymous except that the former is much more common (the latter is also not attested outside conditional clauses, but this may be a result of its rarity). It is often speculated that they stem from the same etymon and that there is a diachronic shift from 火叱 / ᄇᆞᆺ > 곳, but the phonological differences are difficult to resolve.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "곳〮",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-kwós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "particle",
        "head": "곳〮",
        "tr": "-kwós"
      },
      "expansion": "곳〮 (-kwós)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Korean",
  "lang_code": "okm",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Middle Korean terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "As long as the pond is frozen, the rapids are good as well",
          "ref": "14th century?, “滿殿春 / 만전춘 (Manjeonchun)”, in 樂章歌詞 / 악장가사 (Akjang gasa):",
          "roman": "swoh-kwos elmyen yehul-two tywo-honi",
          "text": "소콧 얼면 여흘도 됴ᄒᆞ니",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "As long as one does not kill a living thing, it cannot be obtained",
          "ref": "1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 (Worin seokbo), page 11:4b:",
          "roman": "sǎn kès-kwós àní cwùkímyén ĕtwùlq cwúl-í ěpsùní",
          "text": "산〯 것곳〮 아니〮 주기〮면〮 어〯두ᇙ 주〮리〮 업〯스니〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "as long as (emphasizes that if the conditional holds true, the result is inescapable)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "as long as",
          "as long as"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "in conditional clauses",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in conditional clauses) as long as (emphasizes that if the conditional holds true, the result is inescapable)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ᄇᆞᆺ"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Middle Korean terms with quotations",
        "Middle Korean terms with redundant transliterations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(limiting) Even if they reflect upon it, they will not know; it is only that I know this figure, and the Buddhas of the Ten Directions know it as well.\n(emphatic) Even if they reflect upon it, they will not know; I indeed know this figure, and the Buddhas of the Ten Directions know it as well.",
          "ref": "1447, 釋譜詳節 / 석보상절 (Seokbo sangjeol), pages 13:42b—43a:",
          "roman": "sòlàng-hóyá-twó stwó mwòlólìlá nà-Gwós í SYANG-ól ǎlGwó SIP.PANG.PWUL-twó ǎlòsínònílá",
          "text": "ᄉᆞ라ᇰᄒᆞ〮야〮도〮 ᄯᅩ〮 모ᄅᆞ〮리라〮 나옷〮 이〮 相(샤ᇰ)ᄋᆞᆯ〮 알〯오〮 十(십)方(바ᇰ)佛(불)도〮 아〯ᄅᆞ시〮ᄂᆞ니〮라〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Perhaps an emphatic marker, or perhaps a marker limiting the clause; see contrasting analyses below. Typically used with adverbs of limitation, such as 오직 (wocik, “only, solely”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "오직",
          "오직#Middle_Korean"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "outside conditional clauses",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(outside conditional clauses) Perhaps an emphatic marker, or perhaps a marker limiting the clause; see contrasting analyses below. Typically used with adverbs of limitation, such as 오직 (wocik, “only, solely”)."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kos/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "allomorph after a vowel",
      "roman": "-Gwos",
      "word": "옷"
    },
    {
      "word": "/l/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-곳"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -곳 meaning in Middle Korean (3.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.