"톳기" meaning in Middle Korean

See 톳기 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: 톳〮기 [canonical], thwóskì [romanization], 톳〮긔 [genitive], 톳〮ᄀᆡ [genitive]
Etymology: Traditionally interpreted as Sino-Korean 兎(토〮) (THWÓ, “rabbit”) + unknown elements /-s-ki/, but this is somewhat dubious given it cannot provide any clear source for the second syllable. More likely, the word seems to be an early Tungusic borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”). A very close match to the Tungusic is found in the dialectal *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí), attested in the place name 투ᄭᅵᆺ〮골〯 (Thwùskí-s-kwǒl, “rabbit valley”). Compare Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”). The first syllable was probably then conflated with 兎(토〮) (THWÓ), leading to this form. Note also that the high tone of 토〮 in this form matches the expected Sino-Korean reading, whereas the tonal pattern of *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí) is more prototypical of a Tungusic or Mongolic loan. Etymology templates: {{IPAfont|/-s-ki/}} /-s-ki/, {{der|okm|tuw-pro|*tuksakī||hare}} Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”), {{cog|orh|tʊkʃakɪ|t=rabbit}} Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”), {{lang|okm|토〮}} 토〮 Head templates: {{head|okm|noun|genitive|톳〮긔|or|톳〮ᄀᆡ|head=톳〮기}} 톳〮기 (thwóskì) (genitive 톳〮긔 or 톳〮ᄀᆡ)
  1. hare
    Sense id: en-톳기-okm-noun-458c3p6c Categories (other): Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/-s-ki/"
      },
      "expansion": "/-s-ki/",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "tuw-pro",
        "3": "*tuksakī",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hare"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orh",
        "2": "tʊkʃakɪ",
        "t": "rabbit"
      },
      "expansion": "Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "토〮"
      },
      "expansion": "토〮",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally interpreted as Sino-Korean 兎(토〮) (THWÓ, “rabbit”) + unknown elements /-s-ki/, but this is somewhat dubious given it cannot provide any clear source for the second syllable.\nMore likely, the word seems to be an early Tungusic borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”). A very close match to the Tungusic is found in the dialectal *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí), attested in the place name 투ᄭᅵᆺ〮골〯 (Thwùskí-s-kwǒl, “rabbit valley”). Compare Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”). The first syllable was probably then conflated with 兎(토〮) (THWÓ), leading to this form. Note also that the high tone of 토〮 in this form matches the expected Sino-Korean reading, whereas the tonal pattern of *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí) is more prototypical of a Tungusic or Mongolic loan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "톳〮기",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thwóskì",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "톳〮긔",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "톳〮ᄀᆡ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "톳〮긔",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "톳〮ᄀᆡ",
        "head": "톳〮기"
      },
      "expansion": "톳〮기 (thwóskì) (genitive 톳〮긔 or 톳〮ᄀᆡ)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Korean",
  "lang_code": "okm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Eagles are good at hunting hares and vultures eat the carcass, thus is the greed of thievery",
          "ref": "1463, 법화경언해 [beophwagyeong'eonhae], volume 2, page 108b:",
          "roman": "beophwagyeong'eonhae",
          "text": "鵰(됴ᇢ)ᄂᆞᆫ〮 톳〮기 잘 잡고〮 鷲(쮸ᇢ〮)ᄂᆞᆫ〮 주거〮믈〮 먹ᄂᆞ니〮 盜(또ᇢ〮)貪(탐)이 ᄀᆞᆺ고〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hare"
      ],
      "id": "en-톳기-okm-noun-458c3p6c",
      "links": [
        [
          "hare",
          "hare"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "톳기"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/-s-ki/"
      },
      "expansion": "/-s-ki/",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "tuw-pro",
        "3": "*tuksakī",
        "4": "",
        "5": "hare"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "orh",
        "2": "tʊkʃakɪ",
        "t": "rabbit"
      },
      "expansion": "Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "토〮"
      },
      "expansion": "토〮",
      "name": "lang"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally interpreted as Sino-Korean 兎(토〮) (THWÓ, “rabbit”) + unknown elements /-s-ki/, but this is somewhat dubious given it cannot provide any clear source for the second syllable.\nMore likely, the word seems to be an early Tungusic borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Tungusic *tuksakī (“hare”). A very close match to the Tungusic is found in the dialectal *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí), attested in the place name 투ᄭᅵᆺ〮골〯 (Thwùskí-s-kwǒl, “rabbit valley”). Compare Oroqen tʊkʃakɪ (“rabbit”). The first syllable was probably then conflated with 兎(토〮) (THWÓ), leading to this form. Note also that the high tone of 토〮 in this form matches the expected Sino-Korean reading, whereas the tonal pattern of *투ᄭᅵ〮 (*thwùskí) is more prototypical of a Tungusic or Mongolic loan.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "톳〮기",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thwóskì",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "톳〮긔",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "톳〮ᄀᆡ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "okm",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "톳〮긔",
        "5": "or",
        "6": "톳〮ᄀᆡ",
        "head": "톳〮기"
      },
      "expansion": "톳〮기 (thwóskì) (genitive 톳〮긔 or 톳〮ᄀᆡ)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Korean",
  "lang_code": "okm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle Korean lemmas",
        "Middle Korean nouns",
        "Middle Korean terms derived from Proto-Tungusic",
        "Middle Korean terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Middle Korean terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              27,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Eagles are good at hunting hares and vultures eat the carcass, thus is the greed of thievery",
          "ref": "1463, 법화경언해 [beophwagyeong'eonhae], volume 2, page 108b:",
          "roman": "beophwagyeong'eonhae",
          "text": "鵰(됴ᇢ)ᄂᆞᆫ〮 톳〮기 잘 잡고〮 鷲(쮸ᇢ〮)ᄂᆞᆫ〮 주거〮믈〮 먹ᄂᆞ니〮 盜(또ᇢ〮)貪(탐)이 ᄀᆞᆺ고〮",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hare"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hare",
          "hare"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "톳기"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 톳기 meaning in Middle Korean (2.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Korean dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.