"underfongen" meaning in Middle English

See underfongen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Forms: underfangen [alternative], undervongen [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”), from Proto-Germanic *under + *fanhaną (“to take, receive”). Cognate with Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”), German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”). Etymology templates: {{der|enm|ang|underfōn||to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal}} Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”), {{der|enm|gem-pro|*under}} Proto-Germanic *under, {{cog|nl|ondervangen||to overcome, forestall}} Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”), {{cog|de|unterfangen||to venture, dare}} German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} underfongen
  1. (transitive) to undertake Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-underfongen-enm-verb-siHne14x Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 14 35 42 9
  2. (transitive) to accept; receive Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-underfongen-enm-verb-Arts0ZOk Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 14 35 42 9
  3. (transitive) to insnare; entrap; deceive by false suggestions Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-underfongen-enm-verb-wtnnbkmW Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 14 35 42 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 16 23 53 8 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 15 16 64 5
  4. (transitive) to support or guard from beneath Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-underfongen-enm-verb-Hz4COhPP
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: underfon
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "underfong"
          },
          "expansion": "English: underfong",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: underfong"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "underfōn",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ondervangen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to overcome, forestall"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "unterfangen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to venture, dare"
      },
      "expansion": "German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”), from Proto-Germanic *under + *fanhaną (“to take, receive”). Cognate with Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”), German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "underfangen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undervongen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "underfongen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "underfon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 42 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to undertake"
      ],
      "id": "en-underfongen-enm-verb-siHne14x",
      "links": [
        [
          "undertake",
          "undertake"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to undertake"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 42 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to accept; receive"
      ],
      "id": "en-underfongen-enm-verb-Arts0ZOk",
      "links": [
        [
          "accept",
          "accept"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to accept; receive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 35 42 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 23 53 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 16 64 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              164,
              173
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
          "text": "For that he is so puissant and so strong, / That with his powre he all doth overgo, / And makes them subject to his mighty wrong; / And some by sleight he eke doth underfong.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to insnare; entrap; deceive by false suggestions"
      ],
      "id": "en-underfongen-enm-verb-wtnnbkmW",
      "links": [
        [
          "insnare",
          "insnare"
        ],
        [
          "entrap",
          "entrap"
        ],
        [
          "deceive",
          "deceive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to insnare; entrap; deceive by false suggestions"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to support or guard from beneath"
      ],
      "id": "en-underfongen-enm-verb-Hz4COhPP",
      "links": [
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ],
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to support or guard from beneath"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "underfongen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "underfong"
          },
          "expansion": "English: underfong",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: underfong"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "underfōn",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*under"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *under",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ondervangen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to overcome, forestall"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "unterfangen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to venture, dare"
      },
      "expansion": "German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English underfōn (“to receive, obtain, take, accept, take in, entertain, take up, undertake, assume, adopt, submit to, undergo, steal”), from Proto-Germanic *under + *fanhaną (“to take, receive”). Cognate with Dutch ondervangen (“to overcome, forestall”), German unterfangen (“to venture, dare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "underfangen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "undervongen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "underfongen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "underfon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to undertake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "undertake",
          "undertake"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to undertake"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to accept; receive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "accept",
          "accept"
        ],
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to accept; receive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              164,
              173
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
          "text": "For that he is so puissant and so strong, / That with his powre he all doth overgo, / And makes them subject to his mighty wrong; / And some by sleight he eke doth underfong.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to insnare; entrap; deceive by false suggestions"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "insnare",
          "insnare"
        ],
        [
          "entrap",
          "entrap"
        ],
        [
          "deceive",
          "deceive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to insnare; entrap; deceive by false suggestions"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to support or guard from beneath"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "support",
          "support"
        ],
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to support or guard from beneath"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "underfongen"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (89e900c and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.