See tool in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tool"
},
"expansion": "English: tool",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tool"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tuil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tuil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tōl"
},
"expansion": "Old English tōl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tōlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tōlą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōl, from Proto-Germanic *tōlą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tolen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
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"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tool",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toles",
"pl2": "tolen"
},
"expansion": "tool (plural toles or tolen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 20 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 15 2 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tool, implement, or instrument."
],
"id": "en-tool-enm-noun-enm:tool",
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool#English"
],
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:tool"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 20 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 15 2 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An instrument of war; an armament."
],
"id": "en-tool-enm-noun-pqndyJ-O",
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"armament",
"armament"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 20 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 15 2 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A device used for torturing or interrogration."
],
"id": "en-tool-enm-noun-wWunEcWg",
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A device used for torturing or interrogration."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A penis."
],
"id": "en-tool-enm-noun-KFrQ904s",
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, vulgar) A penis."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toole"
}
],
"word": "tool"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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"expansion": "tool",
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}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "toll"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 17 8 3 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 20 4 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "enm:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 36 15 2 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "enm:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of toll."
],
"id": "en-tool-enm-noun-enm:toll",
"links": [
[
"toll",
"toll#Middle_English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:toll"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tool"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Tools",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tool"
},
"expansion": "English: tool",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: tool"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tuil"
},
"expansion": "Scots: tuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: tuil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tōl"
},
"expansion": "Old English tōl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tōlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tōlą",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōl, from Proto-Germanic *tōlą.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tolen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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"g": "",
"g2": "",
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},
"expansion": "tool",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "toles",
"pl2": "tolen"
},
"expansion": "tool (plural toles or tolen)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A tool, implement, or instrument."
],
"links": [
[
"tool",
"tool#English"
],
[
"implement",
"implement"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:tool"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An instrument of war; an armament."
],
"links": [
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"war",
"war"
],
[
"armament",
"armament"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A device used for torturing or interrogration."
],
"links": [
[
"device",
"device"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A device used for torturing or interrogration."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses",
"Middle English vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"A penis."
],
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, vulgar) A penis."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/toːl/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tole"
},
{
"word": "tol"
},
{
"word": "toole"
}
],
"word": "tool"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Tools",
"enm:Weapons"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "tool",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "toll"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of toll."
],
"links": [
[
"toll",
"toll#Middle_English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:toll"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "tool"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tool meaning in Middle English (2.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.