See thonder in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
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"templates": [
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"1": "en",
"2": "thunder"
},
"expansion": "English: thunder",
"name": "desc"
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"text": "English: thunder"
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"3": "thunder",
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},
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"2": "dhunder",
"3": "dunder"
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"expansion": "Yola: dhunder, dunder",
"name": "desc"
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"text": "Yola: dhunder, dunder"
}
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],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þunor, from Proto-West Germanic *þunr.\nThe varieties with -d- are from the oblique stem of þunor, þunr-, which experienced a sound change -nr- → -ndr-; this was leveled into all forms of the word (compare gandre).",
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"form": "thondres",
"tags": [
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},
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thonder clappe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Thursday"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 22 25 9 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 20 22 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37 0 0 0",
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"name": "Sound",
"orig": "enm:Sound",
"parents": [
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"Nature",
"All topics",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Thunder (loud noise created during a thunderstorm)."
],
"id": "en-thonder-enm-noun-1F1KrVyF",
"links": [
[
"Thunder",
"thunder"
],
[
"noise",
"noise#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A thunderstorm (storm which accompanies such a loud noise)."
],
"id": "en-thonder-enm-noun-fdYTxJO7",
"links": [
[
"thunderstorm",
"thunderstorm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "And I saw that the lamb had opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four creatures saying, like the sound of thunder, \"Come and see!\"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:1, page 119r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "And I ſai þat þe lomb hadde opened oon of þe ſeuene ſeelis. ⁊ I herde oon of þe foure beeſtis ſeiynge as a vois of þundur / come ⁊ ſe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something which acoustically resembles thunder."
],
"id": "en-thonder-enm-noun-~cM8-o4H",
"links": [
[
"acoustically",
"acoustically"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100 0",
"kind": "topical",
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"orig": "enm:Weather",
"parents": [
"Atmosphere",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lightning (especially in contexts referring to destruction)"
],
"id": "en-thonder-enm-noun-9EGyS3HX",
"links": [
[
"Lightning",
"lightning"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A threat or intimidation."
],
"id": "en-thonder-enm-noun-R72Riu1p",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A threat or intimidation."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθundər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθunər/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thoner"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thunder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thundre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thonre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thunnere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "þunre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thwndur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thundur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thondir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thondyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "þonder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "þunder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thounder"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thundyr"
}
],
"word": "thonder"
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"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
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"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: thuner, thunder, thundir"
},
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"name": "desc"
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"text": "Yola: dhunder, dunder"
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þunr",
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],
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"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
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],
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"expansion": "thonder",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "thonder clappe"
},
{
"word": "Thursday"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Thunder (loud noise created during a thunderstorm)."
],
"links": [
[
"Thunder",
"thunder"
],
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"noise",
"noise#English"
]
]
},
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"glosses": [
"A thunderstorm (storm which accompanies such a loud noise)."
],
"links": [
[
"thunderstorm",
"thunderstorm"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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{
"english": "And I saw that the lamb had opened one of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four creatures saying, like the sound of thunder, \"Come and see!\"",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:1, page 119r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "And I ſai þat þe lomb hadde opened oon of þe ſeuene ſeelis. ⁊ I herde oon of þe foure beeſtis ſeiynge as a vois of þundur / come ⁊ ſe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something which acoustically resembles thunder."
],
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"acoustically",
"acoustically"
]
]
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"glosses": [
"Lightning (especially in contexts referring to destruction)"
],
"links": [
[
"Lightning",
"lightning"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A threat or intimidation."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A threat or intimidation."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθundər/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈθunər/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thoner"
},
{
"word": "thunder"
},
{
"word": "thundre"
},
{
"word": "thonre"
},
{
"word": "thunnere"
},
{
"word": "þunre"
},
{
"word": "thwndur"
},
{
"word": "thundur"
},
{
"word": "thondir"
},
{
"word": "thondyr"
},
{
"word": "þonder"
},
{
"word": "þunder"
},
{
"word": "thounder"
},
{
"word": "thundyr"
}
],
"word": "thonder"
}
Download raw JSONL data for thonder meaning in Middle English (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.