"sprengen" meaning in Middle English

See sprengen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈsprɛnd͡ʒən/, /ˈsprind͡ʒən/
Etymology: Inherited from Old English sprenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną; compare spryngen. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|sprenġan|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English sprenġan, {{inh+|enm|ang|sprenġan}} Inherited from Old English sprenġan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*sprangijan}} Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*sprangijaną}} Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną, {{m|enm|spryngen}} spryngen Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|head=}} sprengen, {{enm-verb|stem=spreng}} sprengen (third-person singular simple present sprengeth, present participle sprengende, sprengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sprenged) Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-wk|spreng|spreynd|c=irr|c2=ed}} Forms: sprengeth [present, singular, third-person], sprengende [participle, present], sprengynge [participle, present], sprenged [first-person, indicative, participle, past, singular, third-person], irregular weak [table-tags], sprengen [infinitive], to sprengen [infinitive], sprenge [infinitive], sprenge [first-person, present, singular], spreynde [first-person, past, singular], sprenged [first-person, past, singular], sprengest [present, second-person, singular], spreyndest [past, second-person, singular], sprengedest [past, second-person, singular], sprengeth [present, singular, third-person], spreynde [past, singular, third-person], sprenged [past, singular, third-person], sprenge [present, singular, subjunctive], spreynde [past, singular, subjunctive], sprenged [past, singular, subjunctive], sprenge [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], sprengen [plural, present], sprenge [plural, present], spreynden [past, plural], spreynde [past, plural], sprengeden [past, plural], sprengede [past, plural], sprengeth [imperative, plural, present], sprenge [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], sprengynge [participle, present], sprengende [participle, present], spreynd [participle, past], sprenged [participle, past], yspreynd [participle, past], ysprenged [participle, past]
  1. To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits. Categories (topical): Liquids
    Sense id: en-sprengen-enm-verb-X~qkG6iH Disambiguation of Liquids: 31 24 24 14 6
  2. To diffuse or spray with a mist or gas.
    Sense id: en-sprengen-enm-verb-gdx1MOAT
  3. To combine or intermingle; to (cause to) become blended.
    Sense id: en-sprengen-enm-verb-e6gbHtSz Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 16 8 30 4 3 29 7 3 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 11 6 35 4 3 31 7 3
  4. (figuratively) To cleanse or purify from taint. Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-sprengen-enm-verb--R5B~2HW
  5. (rare, of the sun) To rise; to emerge or appear. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-sprengen-enm-verb-5tUEccW~
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: sprenge, springe

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for sprengen meaning in Middle English (6.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "springe",
            "qq": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "English: springe (obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: springe (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sprenġan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sprenġan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sprenġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English sprenġan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*sprangijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sprangijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spryngen"
      },
      "expansion": "spryngen",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sprenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną; compare spryngen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreyndest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yspreynd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ysprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sprengen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "spreng"
      },
      "expansion": "sprengen (third-person singular simple present sprengeth, present participle sprengende, sprengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sprenged)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spreng",
        "2": "spreynd",
        "c": "irr",
        "c2": "ed"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 24 24 14 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Liquids",
          "orig": "enm:Liquids",
          "parents": [
            "Matter",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits."
      ],
      "id": "en-sprengen-enm-verb-X~qkG6iH",
      "links": [
        [
          "sprinkle",
          "sprinkle"
        ],
        [
          "asperse",
          "asperse"
        ],
        [
          "spread",
          "spread"
        ],
        [
          "drop",
          "drop"
        ],
        [
          "bit",
          "bit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To diffuse or spray with a mist or gas."
      ],
      "id": "en-sprengen-enm-verb-gdx1MOAT",
      "links": [
        [
          "diffuse",
          "diffuse"
        ],
        [
          "spray",
          "spray"
        ],
        [
          "mist",
          "mist"
        ],
        [
          "gas",
          "gas"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 8 30 4 3 29 7 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 6 35 4 3 31 7 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To combine or intermingle; to (cause to) become blended."
      ],
      "id": "en-sprengen-enm-verb-e6gbHtSz",
      "links": [
        [
          "combine",
          "combine"
        ],
        [
          "intermingle",
          "intermingle"
        ],
        [
          "blended",
          "blended"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cleanse or purify from taint."
      ],
      "id": "en-sprengen-enm-verb--R5B~2HW",
      "links": [
        [
          "cleanse",
          "cleanse"
        ],
        [
          "purify",
          "purify"
        ],
        [
          "taint",
          "taint"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To cleanse or purify from taint."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To rise; to emerge or appear."
      ],
      "id": "en-sprengen-enm-verb-5tUEccW~",
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ],
        [
          "emerge",
          "emerge"
        ],
        [
          "appear",
          "appear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, of the sun) To rise; to emerge or appear."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsprɛnd͡ʒən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsprind͡ʒən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "sprenge"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "springe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sprengen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English irregular weak verbs",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "enm:Liquids"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "springe",
            "qq": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "English: springe (obsolete)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: springe (obsolete)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sprenġan",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sprenġan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sprenġan"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English sprenġan",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*sprangijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*sprangijaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "spryngen"
      },
      "expansion": "spryngen",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English sprenġan, from Proto-West Germanic *sprangijan, from Proto-Germanic *sprangijaną; compare spryngen.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreyndest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynde",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengeth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprengende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "spreynd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yspreynd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ysprenged",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "sprengen",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "spreng"
      },
      "expansion": "sprengen (third-person singular simple present sprengeth, present participle sprengende, sprengynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle sprenged)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "spreng",
        "2": "spreynd",
        "c": "irr",
        "c2": "ed"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To sprinkle or asperse; to spread in small drops or bits."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sprinkle",
          "sprinkle"
        ],
        [
          "asperse",
          "asperse"
        ],
        [
          "spread",
          "spread"
        ],
        [
          "drop",
          "drop"
        ],
        [
          "bit",
          "bit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To diffuse or spray with a mist or gas."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "diffuse",
          "diffuse"
        ],
        [
          "spray",
          "spray"
        ],
        [
          "mist",
          "mist"
        ],
        [
          "gas",
          "gas"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To combine or intermingle; to (cause to) become blended."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "combine",
          "combine"
        ],
        [
          "intermingle",
          "intermingle"
        ],
        [
          "blended",
          "blended"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cleanse or purify from taint."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cleanse",
          "cleanse"
        ],
        [
          "purify",
          "purify"
        ],
        [
          "taint",
          "taint"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) To cleanse or purify from taint."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To rise; to emerge or appear."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ],
        [
          "emerge",
          "emerge"
        ],
        [
          "appear",
          "appear"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, of the sun) To rise; to emerge or appear."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sun"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsprɛnd͡ʒən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈsprind͡ʒən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "sprenge"
    },
    {
      "word": "springe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sprengen"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.