See servaunt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "servant"
},
"expansion": "English: servant",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">sarvant</i>"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal sarvant)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: servant (dialectal sarvant)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "servant",
"3": "sairvant",
"4": "servan"
},
"expansion": "Scots: servant, sairvant, servan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: servant, sairvant, servan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "servent"
},
"expansion": "Old French servent",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serven",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "serven + -ant",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serjaunt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of serjaunt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French servent, servant, originally the present participle of servir; equivalent to serven + -ant. Doublet of serjaunt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "servauntes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "servauns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "servaunt",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "servauntes",
"pl2": "servauns"
},
"expansion": "servaunt (plural servauntes or servauns)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 17 15 2 6 6 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 19 6 13 8 10 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "enm:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 18 8 8 10 18 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"A servant or attendant."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-iLdn5TJE",
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 17 15 2 6 6 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 19 6 13 8 10 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "enm:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "enm:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 18 8 8 10 18 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"A deputy, officer, or representative."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-KA37-YgG",
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"deputy",
"deputy"
],
[
"officer",
"officer"
],
[
"representative",
"representative"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 17 15 2 6 6 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 19 6 13 8 10 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "enm:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 18 8 8 10 18 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"An assistant or apprentice."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-HuypkKl9",
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
],
[
"apprentice",
"apprentice"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 13 13 42 6 6 6 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Love",
"orig": "enm:Love",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Virtue",
"Mind",
"Ethics",
"Human",
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A lover; one in a romantic relationship with another."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-WGzzTCoe",
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"lover",
"lover"
],
[
"romantic",
"romantic"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 19 6 13 8 10 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "enm:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] is true God (this all of us believe) / who has such a good follower to serve Him. / This we believe without exception, even if we die.",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Nonne”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 171, recto, lines 418-420:",
"text": "[…]Is verray god / this is al our sentence / That hath so good a seruant / hym to serue / This with o voys / we trowen thogh we sterue",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And the nations were furious; then your fury came. It is time for the dead to be judged, to give rewards to your servants, prophets, saints, and those who fear your name, both small and large, and to destroy those who destroyed the Earth.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 11:18, page 121r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ folkis ben wrooþ · ⁊ þi wraþþe cam · ⁊ tyme of deed men to be demed · ⁊ to ȝelde meede to þi ſeruauntis ⁊ pꝛophetis ⁊ halowis ⁊ dꝛedynge þi name · to ſmale ⁊ to grete / ⁊ to diſtrie hem þat coꝛrumpiden þe erþe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A follower of a deity or religious concept."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-AEpPw3os",
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"deity",
"deity"
],
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"(religion) A follower of a deity or religious concept."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 20 18 8 8 10 18 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A soldier following a ranking individual."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-GEfHnEFi",
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 14 17 15 2 6 6 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ant",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 19 6 13 8 10 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "enm:Business",
"parents": [
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 20 18 8 8 10 18 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "enm:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 20 20 5 5 5 29 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Slavery",
"orig": "enm:Slavery",
"parents": [
"Society",
"Work",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A slave, thrall, or serf."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-jq0T789Y",
"links": [
[
"slave",
"slave"
],
[
"thrall",
"thrall"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"That which serves another."
],
"id": "en-servaunt-enm-noun-3Ag~KpgD",
"links": [
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) That which serves another."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛrˈva(u̯)nt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrva(u̯)nt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrvand/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sarvant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sarvaunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serfaunt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servaund"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servaunte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servaunth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servawnt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servont"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "servonde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serwant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sirvand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sirvant"
}
],
"word": "servaunt"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English doublets",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -ant",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Business",
"enm:Love",
"enm:Military",
"enm:Occupations",
"enm:Slavery"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "servant"
},
"expansion": "English: servant",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"en\">sarvant</i>"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal sarvant)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "English: servant (dialectal sarvant)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "servant",
"3": "sairvant",
"4": "servan"
},
"expansion": "Scots: servant, sairvant, servan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: servant, sairvant, servan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "servent"
},
"expansion": "Old French servent",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serven",
"3": "-ant"
},
"expansion": "serven + -ant",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "serjaunt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of serjaunt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French servent, servant, originally the present participle of servir; equivalent to serven + -ant. Doublet of serjaunt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "servauntes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "servauns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "servaunt",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "servauntes",
"pl2": "servauns"
},
"expansion": "servaunt (plural servauntes or servauns)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"A servant or attendant."
],
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"servant",
"servant"
],
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"A deputy, officer, or representative."
],
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"deputy",
"deputy"
],
[
"officer",
"officer"
],
[
"representative",
"representative"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A labourer or employee; one who works for another:",
"An assistant or apprentice."
],
"links": [
[
"labourer",
"labourer"
],
[
"employee",
"employee"
],
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
],
[
"apprentice",
"apprentice"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A lover; one in a romantic relationship with another."
],
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"lover",
"lover"
],
[
"romantic",
"romantic"
],
[
"relationship",
"relationship"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"enm:Religion"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] is true God (this all of us believe) / who has such a good follower to serve Him. / This we believe without exception, even if we die.",
"ref": "1387–1400, [Geoffrey] Chaucer, “The Nonne”, in The Tales of Caunt́bury (Hengwrt Chaucer; Peniarth Manuscript 392D), Aberystwyth, Ceredigion: National Library of Wales, published [c. 1400–1410], →OCLC, folio 171, recto, lines 418-420:",
"text": "[…]Is verray god / this is al our sentence / That hath so good a seruant / hym to serue / This with o voys / we trowen thogh we sterue",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "And the nations were furious; then your fury came. It is time for the dead to be judged, to give rewards to your servants, prophets, saints, and those who fear your name, both small and large, and to destroy those who destroyed the Earth.",
"ref": "c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Apocalips 11:18, page 121r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:",
"text": "⁊ folkis ben wrooþ · ⁊ þi wraþþe cam · ⁊ tyme of deed men to be demed · ⁊ to ȝelde meede to þi ſeruauntis ⁊ pꝛophetis ⁊ halowis ⁊ dꝛedynge þi name · to ſmale ⁊ to grete / ⁊ to diſtrie hem þat coꝛrumpiden þe erþe",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A follower of a deity or religious concept."
],
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"deity",
"deity"
],
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"(religion) A follower of a deity or religious concept."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A follower (usually of an individual):",
"A soldier following a ranking individual."
],
"links": [
[
"follower",
"follower"
],
[
"soldier",
"soldier"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A slave, thrall, or serf."
],
"links": [
[
"slave",
"slave"
],
[
"thrall",
"thrall"
],
[
"serf",
"serf"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"That which serves another."
],
"links": [
[
"serve",
"serve"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) That which serves another."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sɛrˈva(u̯)nt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrva(u̯)nt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛrvand/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sarvant"
},
{
"word": "sarvaunt"
},
{
"word": "serfaunt"
},
{
"word": "servand"
},
{
"word": "servant"
},
{
"word": "servaund"
},
{
"word": "servaunte"
},
{
"word": "servaunth"
},
{
"word": "servawnt"
},
{
"word": "servont"
},
{
"word": "servonde"
},
{
"word": "serwant"
},
{
"word": "sirvand"
},
{
"word": "sirvant"
}
],
"word": "servaunt"
}
Download raw JSONL data for servaunt meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.