"ro" meaning in Middle English

See ro in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /rɔː/, /rɑː/ (note: early), /raː/ [Northern] Forms: ros [plural], ron [plural]
Etymology: From Old English rā, rāha, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, *raih, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, *raihą (“deer”). Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|rā}} Old English rā, {{m|ang|rāha}} rāha, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*raihō}} Proto-West Germanic *raihō, {{m|gmw-pro|*raih}} *raih, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*raihô}} Proto-Germanic *raihô, {{m|gem-pro|*raihą||deer}} *raihą (“deer”) Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} ro, {{enm-noun|pl=ros|pl2=ron}} ro (plural ros or ron)
  1. A roe deer (kind of deer) Categories (lifeform): Cervids
    Sense id: en-ro-enm-noun-enm:roe_deer Disambiguation of Cervids: 43 37 19 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 46 39 15 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 46 39 15
  2. (rare) The hide of a roe deer. Tags: rare Categories (lifeform): Cervids
    Sense id: en-ro-enm-noun-pyc8vKzA Disambiguation of Cervids: 43 37 19 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 46 39 15 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 46 39 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: roo, ra, raa, roa Derived forms: roobukke
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /roː/, /rɔu̯/
Etymology: From Old English rō, rōw, from Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”). Etymology templates: {{root|enm|ine-pro|*h₁reh₁-}}, {{dercat|enm|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|enm|ang|rō}} Old English rō, {{m|ang|rōw}} rōw, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*rōu|t=calm, rest}} Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”) Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} ro, {{enm-noun|-}} ro (uncountable)
  1. Peacefulness, serenity, restfulness. Tags: uncountable Categories (lifeform): Cervids Synonyms: rowe, rou
    Sense id: en-ro-enm-noun-enm:serenity Disambiguation of Cervids: 43 37 19 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 46 39 15 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 46 39 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: roo
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ro meaning in Middle English (5.6kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "roobukke"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "roe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: roe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: roe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ra",
            "3": "rae"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ra, rae",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ra, rae"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rā"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "rāha"
      },
      "expansion": "rāha",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*raihō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raihō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*raih"
      },
      "expansion": "*raih",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*raihô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raihô",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*raihą",
        "3": "",
        "4": "deer"
      },
      "expansion": "*raihą (“deer”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English rā, rāha, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, *raih, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, *raihą (“deer”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ros",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ron",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "ros",
        "pl2": "ron"
      },
      "expansion": "ro (plural ros or ron)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 19",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Cervids",
          "orig": "enm:Cervids",
          "parents": [
            "Even-toed ungulates",
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A roe deer (kind of deer)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ro-enm-noun-enm:roe_deer",
      "senseid": [
        "enm:roe deer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 19",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Cervids",
          "orig": "enm:Cervids",
          "parents": [
            "Even-toed ungulates",
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The hide of a roe deer."
      ],
      "id": "en-ro-enm-noun-pyc8vKzA",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) The hide of a roe deer."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/rɑː/",
      "note": "early"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/raː/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "roo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ra"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "raa"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "roa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "roo"
          },
          "expansion": "English: roo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: roo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ro",
            "3": "ruve"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ro, ruve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ro, ruve"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁reh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "rōw"
      },
      "expansion": "rōw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*rōu",
        "t": "calm, rest"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English rō, rōw, from Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "ro (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 39 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 37 19",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Cervids",
          "orig": "enm:Cervids",
          "parents": [
            "Even-toed ungulates",
            "Mammals",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Peacefulness, serenity, restfulness."
      ],
      "id": "en-ro-enm-noun-enm:serenity",
      "senseid": [
        "enm:serenity"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "rowe"
        },
        {
          "word": "rou"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/roː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔu̯/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "roo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reh₁-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English uncountable nouns",
    "enm:Cervids"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "roobukke"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "roe"
          },
          "expansion": "English: roe",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: roe"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ra",
            "3": "rae"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ra, rae",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ra, rae"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rā"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "rāha"
      },
      "expansion": "rāha",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*raihō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *raihō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmw-pro",
        "2": "*raih"
      },
      "expansion": "*raih",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*raihô"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raihô",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*raihą",
        "3": "",
        "4": "deer"
      },
      "expansion": "*raihą (“deer”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English rā, rāha, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, *raih, from Proto-Germanic *raihô, *raihą (“deer”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ros",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ron",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "ros",
        "pl2": "ron"
      },
      "expansion": "ro (plural ros or ron)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A roe deer (kind of deer)"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:roe deer"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The hide of a roe deer."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) The hide of a roe deer."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/rɑː/",
      "note": "early"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/raː/",
      "tags": [
        "Northern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "roo"
    },
    {
      "word": "ra"
    },
    {
      "word": "raa"
    },
    {
      "word": "roa"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁reh₁-",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English uncountable nouns",
    "enm:Cervids"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "roo"
          },
          "expansion": "English: roo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: roo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ro",
            "3": "ruve"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ro, ruve",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ro, ruve"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁reh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rō"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "rōw"
      },
      "expansion": "rōw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*rōu",
        "t": "calm, rest"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English rō, rōw, from Proto-West Germanic *rōu (“calm, rest”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ro",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "ro (uncountable)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Peacefulness, serenity, restfulness."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:serenity"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/roː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/rɔu̯/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "roo"
    },
    {
      "word": "rowe"
    },
    {
      "word": "rou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ro"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.