"pen" meaning in Middle English

See pen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Anglo-Norman penne. Etymology templates: {{der|enm|xno|penne}} Anglo-Norman penne Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} pen
  1. Alternative form of penne Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: penne Categories (topical): Buildings and structures
    Sense id: en-pen-enm-noun-enm:writing_implement Disambiguation of Buildings and structures: 47 53 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /pɛn/
Rhymes: -ɛn Etymology: From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *pennō, perhaps from the root of pinn (“peg, pin”). Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|penn}} Old English penn, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*pennō}} Proto-Germanic *pennō Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} pen
  1. An enclosed structure for securing animals. Categories (topical): Animal dwellings, Buildings and structures Synonyms: penne, peyn Related terms: pennen
    Sense id: en-pen-enm-noun-enm:enclosure Disambiguation of Animal dwellings: 43 57 Disambiguation of Buildings and structures: 47 53 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Alternative forms

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  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "penne"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman penne.",
  "head_templates": [
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        "2": "noun"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "penne"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Buildings and structures",
          "orig": "enm:Buildings and structures",
          "parents": [
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of penne"
      ],
      "id": "en-pen-enm-noun-enm:writing_implement",
      "links": [
        [
          "penne",
          "penne#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:writing implement"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pen"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pen"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pen"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "penn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English penn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*pennō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *pennō, perhaps from the root of pinn (“peg, pin”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pen",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Animal dwellings",
          "orig": "enm:Animal dwellings",
          "parents": [
            "Buildings and structures",
            "Zoology",
            "Architecture",
            "Biology",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Buildings and structures",
          "orig": "enm:Buildings and structures",
          "parents": [
            "Architecture",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Art",
            "Sciences",
            "Culture",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An enclosed structure for securing animals."
      ],
      "id": "en-pen-enm-noun-enm:enclosure",
      "links": [
        [
          "enclosed",
          "enclosed"
        ],
        [
          "structure",
          "structure"
        ],
        [
          "securing",
          "securing"
        ],
        [
          "animals",
          "animals"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "pennen"
        }
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:enclosure"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "penne"
        },
        {
          "word": "peyn"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 22 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛn",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛn/1 syllable",
    "enm:Animal dwellings",
    "enm:Buildings and structures"
  ],
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "penne"
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman penne",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman penne.",
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        {
          "word": "penne"
        }
      ],
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        "Alternative form of penne"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "penne",
          "penne#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
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        "enm:writing implement"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "pen"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 22 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛn",
    "Rhymes:Middle English/ɛn/1 syllable",
    "enm:Animal dwellings",
    "enm:Buildings and structures"
  ],
  "descendants": [
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      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "pen"
          },
          "expansion": "English: pen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: pen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "pen"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: pen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: pen"
    }
  ],
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "penn"
      },
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      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*pennō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pennō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English penn, from Proto-Germanic *pennō, perhaps from the root of pinn (“peg, pin”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "pen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pennen"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An enclosed structure for securing animals."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enclosed",
          "enclosed"
        ],
        [
          "structure",
          "structure"
        ],
        [
          "securing",
          "securing"
        ],
        [
          "animals",
          "animals"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "enm:enclosure"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛn/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛn"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "penne"
    },
    {
      "word": "peyn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for pen meaning in Middle English (2.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.