"outward" meaning in Middle English

See outward in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{3}}}|head=}} outward, {{enm-adj}} outward
  1. outside, outer, on the surface
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-wPNSUKh3
  2. outward, toward the exterior
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-CPBvYHts
  3. Oriented towards the outside.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-F~xpg3y0
  4. Due to outside factors.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-dQVObIyL
  5. In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country).
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-xfESK-Sr
  6. Non-religious; lay
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adj-z~8AvkX5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: owtward, outwarde, owtwarde, owȝtwarde, outeward, utward, utteward Derived forms: outwardly

Adverb

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|adverb||||{{{2}}}|head=}} outward, {{enm-adv}} outward
  1. outside (in the exterior)
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-b82YzmHZ
  2. To an external location; outwards
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-7MeTqJh5
  3. At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-hg9X9-mm
  4. From an external perspective; seemingly.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-ZjRcIP6Q
  5. secularly; in a practical manner.
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-adv-~TahpOce
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: owtward, outwarde, owtwarde, owȝtwarde, outeward, utward, utteward Derived forms: outwardes

Noun

IPA: /ˈuːtward/, /ˈuːtwaːrd/
Etymology: From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|ūtweard}} Old English ūtweard, {{af|enm|out|-ward}} out + -ward Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} outward
  1. The outside; the exterior Categories (topical): Religion Related terms: homward, inward
    Sense id: en-outward-enm-noun-MFkrxnRh Disambiguation of Religion: 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 73
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: owtward, outwarde, owtwarde, owȝtwarde, outeward, utward, utteward

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwardes"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "outward"
          },
          "expansion": "English: outward",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: outward"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "outward"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: outward",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: outward"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ūtweard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "out",
        "3": "-ward"
      },
      "expansion": "out + -ward",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "adverb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
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      },
      "expansion": "outward",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "outward",
      "name": "enm-adv"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outside (in the exterior)"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-b82YzmHZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To an external location; outwards"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-7MeTqJh5",
      "links": [
        [
          "outwards",
          "outwards"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-hg9X9-mm",
      "links": [
        [
          "home",
          "home"
        ],
        [
          "homeland",
          "homeland"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "From an external perspective; seemingly."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-ZjRcIP6Q"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "secularly; in a practical manner."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adv-~TahpOce",
      "links": [
        [
          "secularly",
          "secularly"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwardly"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
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      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "outward"
          },
          "expansion": "English: outward",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: outward"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "outward"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: outward",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: outward"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ūtweard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "out",
        "3": "-ward"
      },
      "expansion": "out + -ward",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
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        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
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        "8": "{{{3}}}",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "outward",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "outward",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outside, outer, on the surface"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-wPNSUKh3",
      "links": [
        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ],
        [
          "outer",
          "outer"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outward, toward the exterior"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-CPBvYHts",
      "links": [
        [
          "outward",
          "outward#Middle_English"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Oriented towards the outside."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-F~xpg3y0"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Due to outside factors."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-dQVObIyL",
      "links": [
        [
          "factors",
          "factors"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country)."
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-xfESK-Sr"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Non-religious; lay"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-adj-z~8AvkX5",
      "links": [
        [
          "lay",
          "lay"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ūtweard"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "out",
        "3": "-ward"
      },
      "expansion": "out + -ward",
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    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "outward",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 73",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The outside; the exterior"
      ],
      "id": "en-outward-enm-noun-MFkrxnRh",
      "links": [
        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "homward"
        },
        {
          "word": "inward"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ward",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "outwardes"
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          "args": {
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          },
          "expansion": "English: outward",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: outward"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
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          },
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          "name": "desc"
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      ],
      "text": "Scots: outward"
    }
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  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
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      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "out",
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      },
      "expansion": "out + -ward",
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  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "head_templates": [
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      "expansion": "outward",
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "outward",
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adv",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outside (in the exterior)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To an external location; outwards"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "outwards",
          "outwards"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "At the exterior; at a location away from one's home or homeland"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "home",
          "home"
        ],
        [
          "homeland",
          "homeland"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "From an external perspective; seemingly."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "secularly; in a practical manner."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "secularly",
          "secularly"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ward",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
  ],
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    }
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  "descendants": [
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          "expansion": "English: outward",
          "name": "desc"
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      ],
      "text": "English: outward"
    },
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      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
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          "name": "desc"
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      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "out",
        "3": "-ward"
      },
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  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
  "head_templates": [
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
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        "outside, outer, on the surface"
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      "glosses": [
        "outward, toward the exterior"
      ],
      "links": [
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          "outward",
          "outward#Middle_English"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Oriented towards the outside."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Due to outside factors."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "factors",
          "factors"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "In somewhere outside a given place or thing (especially of a country)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Non-religious; lay"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lay",
          "lay"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "Middle English adverbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ward",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Religion"
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      "expansion": "Old English ūtweard",
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    {
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      "expansion": "out + -ward",
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  "etymology_text": "From Old English ūtweard; equivalent to out + -ward.",
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  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
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      "word": "homward"
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      "word": "inward"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
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        "The outside; the exterior"
      ],
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        [
          "outside",
          "outside"
        ],
        [
          "exterior",
          "exterior"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtward/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈuːtwaːrd/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "owtward"
    },
    {
      "word": "outwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "owȝtwarde"
    },
    {
      "word": "outeward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utward"
    },
    {
      "word": "utteward"
    }
  ],
  "word": "outward"
}

Download raw JSONL data for outward meaning in Middle English (5.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.