"orfray" meaning in Middle English

See orfray in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɔrˈfræi̯(s)/, /ˈɔrfræi̯(s)/, /ˈɔrfriː/ Forms: orfrays [plural]
Etymology: From Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois, and other forms, from Late Latin aurifrasium, aurifrisium, and other forms, from Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”). In Middle English, the final -s was often reinterpreted as a plural ending. Etymology templates: {{bor|enm|frm|orfrais}} Middle French orfrais, {{der|enm|LL.|aurifrasium}} Late Latin aurifrasium, {{der|enm|la|aurum Phrygium|lit=Phrygian gold|t=gold embroidery}} Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”) Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} orfray, {{enm-noun|orfrays}} orfray (plural orfrays)
  1. Any elaborate embroidery, especially when made of gold thread.
    Sense id: en-orfray-enm-noun-Wm2DukOl Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 1 31 38 6 25 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 15 46 3 35
  2. A piece of fabric) adorned with such embroidery. Categories (topical): Clothing
    Sense id: en-orfray-enm-noun-L55qV4hw Disambiguation of Clothing: 2 70 28
  3. Fine embroidered decoration, especially a border or fringe composed of such embroidery.
    Sense id: en-orfray-enm-noun-tktYbdKW Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 1 31 38 6 25 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 2 18 34 4 43
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: orfrei, orefreys, orfreis, orfreys, orfrays, orphray, offrey, orfrey, orfree, orffray

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "orphrey",
            "3": "orfrey",
            "4": "orphray"
          },
          "expansion": "English: orphrey, orfrey, orphray",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: orphrey, orfrey, orphray"
    }
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  "etymology_templates": [
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "LL.",
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      "name": "der"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "la",
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        "lit": "Phrygian gold",
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      },
      "expansion": "Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois, and other forms, from Late Latin aurifrasium, aurifrisium, and other forms, from Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”). In Middle English, the final -s was often reinterpreted as a plural ending.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "orfrays",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
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        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
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      "expansion": "orfray",
      "name": "head"
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    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "orfray (plural orfrays)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 31 38 6 25",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "1 15 46 3 35",
          "kind": "other",
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      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Her garland was of fresh orphreys; / I, who have seen a thousand of them, / Have indeed never seen a garland / So well wrought of silk as it.",
          "ref": "c. 1360s (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Romaunt of the Rose”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio cxxxii, recto, column 2:",
          "text": "Orfrayes freſhe, was her garlande / I whiche haue ſene a thouſande / Saw neuer ywys no garlande yet / So well wrought of ſylke as it",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any elaborate embroidery, especially when made of gold thread."
      ],
      "id": "en-orfray-enm-noun-Wm2DukOl",
      "links": [
        [
          "elaborate",
          "elaborate#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "embroidery",
          "embroidery"
        ],
        [
          "gold",
          "gold"
        ],
        [
          "thread",
          "thread#Noun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 70 28",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
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          "orig": "enm:Clothing",
          "parents": [
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            "All topics",
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          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A piece of fabric) adorned with such embroidery."
      ],
      "id": "en-orfray-enm-noun-L55qV4hw",
      "links": [
        [
          "fabric",
          "fabric"
        ],
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          "adorn"
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          "_dis": "2 18 34 4 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fine embroidered decoration, especially a border or fringe composed of such embroidery."
      ],
      "id": "en-orfray-enm-noun-tktYbdKW"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔrˈfræi̯(s)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔrfræi̯(s)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔrfriː/"
    }
  ],
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orefreys"
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      "word": "orfreis"
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      "word": "orfreys"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orfrays"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orphray"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "offrey"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orfrey"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orfree"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "orffray"
    }
  ],
  "word": "orfray"
}
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    "Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Latin",
    "Middle English terms derived from Middle French",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
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          "name": "desc"
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    }
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      "args": {
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        "2": "LL.",
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    },
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      "args": {
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        "2": "la",
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      },
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      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois, and other forms, from Late Latin aurifrasium, aurifrisium, and other forms, from Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”). In Middle English, the final -s was often reinterpreted as a plural ending.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "orfrays",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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      "name": "head"
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Her garland was of fresh orphreys; / I, who have seen a thousand of them, / Have indeed never seen a garland / So well wrought of silk as it.",
          "ref": "c. 1360s (date written), Geffray Chaucer [i.e., Geoffrey Chaucer], “The Romaunt of the Rose”, in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London: […] Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], published 1542, →OCLC, folio cxxxii, recto, column 2:",
          "text": "Orfrayes freſhe, was her garlande / I whiche haue ſene a thouſande / Saw neuer ywys no garlande yet / So well wrought of ſylke as it",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any elaborate embroidery, especially when made of gold thread."
      ],
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          "elaborate",
          "elaborate#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "embroidery",
          "embroidery"
        ],
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          "gold",
          "gold"
        ],
        [
          "thread",
          "thread#Noun"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A piece of fabric) adorned with such embroidery."
      ],
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        [
          "fabric",
          "fabric"
        ],
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          "adorn",
          "adorn"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Fine embroidered decoration, especially a border or fringe composed of such embroidery."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔrˈfræi̯(s)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔrfræi̯(s)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔrfriː/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "orfrei"
    },
    {
      "word": "orefreys"
    },
    {
      "word": "orfreis"
    },
    {
      "word": "orfreys"
    },
    {
      "word": "orfrays"
    },
    {
      "word": "orphray"
    },
    {
      "word": "offrey"
    },
    {
      "word": "orfrey"
    },
    {
      "word": "orfree"
    },
    {
      "word": "orffray"
    }
  ],
  "word": "orfray"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.