See official in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for official meaning in Middle English (5.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "official"
},
"expansion": "English: official",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: official"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offeecial"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offeecial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offeecial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "official"
},
"expansion": "Old French official",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "officiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin officiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "office",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "office + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "officials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "official",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "officials"
},
"expansion": "official (plural officials)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 11 56 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 11 51 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 7 65 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 90 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An underling of a member of the clergy, often heading a clerical court."
],
"id": "en-official-enm-noun-wW5dVsi0",
"links": [
[
"underling",
"underling"
],
[
"clergy",
"clergy"
],
[
"clerical",
"clerical"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 24 10 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 42 58",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hireling or subordinate; one employed to serve, especially at an estate."
],
"id": "en-official-enm-noun-cUKlmoAB",
"links": [
[
"hireling",
"hireling"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"estate",
"estate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔfisiˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈfisial/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "officiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offycyal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offyciall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "officiall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offecialle"
}
],
"word": "official"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "official"
},
"expansion": "English: official",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: official"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offeecial"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offeecial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offeecial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "official"
},
"expansion": "Old French official",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "officiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin officiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "office",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "office + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "officiale",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "officiale",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "officiale",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "official (plural and weak singular officiale)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "officiale"
},
"expansion": "official (plural and weak singular officiale)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 24 10 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Functional; serving a purpose."
],
"id": "en-official-enm-adj--voF9khM",
"links": [
[
"Functional",
"functional"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of body parts) Functional; serving a purpose."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of body parts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 24 10 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "enm:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Requisite or mandatory for a task."
],
"id": "en-official-enm-adj-ZxxQxb7~",
"links": [
[
"Requisite",
"requisite"
],
[
"mandatory",
"mandatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Requisite or mandatory for a task."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔfisiˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈfisial/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "officiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offycyal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offyciall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "officiall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "offecialle"
}
],
"word": "official"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -al",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Anatomy",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "official"
},
"expansion": "English: official",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: official"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offeecial"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offeecial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offeecial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "official"
},
"expansion": "Old French official",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "officiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin officiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "office",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "office + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "officials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "official",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "officials"
},
"expansion": "official (plural officials)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underling of a member of the clergy, often heading a clerical court."
],
"links": [
[
"underling",
"underling"
],
[
"clergy",
"clergy"
],
[
"clerical",
"clerical"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A hireling or subordinate; one employed to serve, especially at an estate."
],
"links": [
[
"hireling",
"hireling"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
],
[
"estate",
"estate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔfisiˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈfisial/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "officiale"
},
{
"word": "offycyal"
},
{
"word": "offyciall"
},
{
"word": "officiall"
},
{
"word": "offecialle"
}
],
"word": "official"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -al",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Anatomy",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "official"
},
"expansion": "English: official",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: official"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "offeecial"
},
"expansion": "Scots: offeecial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: offeecial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "official"
},
"expansion": "Old French official",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "officiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin officiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "office",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "office + -al",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French official, from Latin officiālis; equivalent to office + -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "officiale",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "officiale",
"tags": [
"singular",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural and weak singular",
"4": "officiale",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "official (plural and weak singular officiale)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "officiale"
},
"expansion": "official (plural and weak singular officiale)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Functional; serving a purpose."
],
"links": [
[
"Functional",
"functional"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of body parts) Functional; serving a purpose."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of body parts"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Requisite or mandatory for a task."
],
"links": [
[
"Requisite",
"requisite"
],
[
"mandatory",
"mandatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Requisite or mandatory for a task."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɔfisiˈaːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔˈfisial/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "officiale"
},
{
"word": "offycyal"
},
{
"word": "offyciall"
},
{
"word": "officiall"
},
{
"word": "offecialle"
}
],
"word": "official"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.